竹黄通痹胶囊治疗痛风43例

目的：为寻求一种对治疗痛风病更为有效而且服用方便的方药。方法：门诊收治的43例患,根据临床表现,化验室检查和X线摄片而确诊。每日口服“竹黄通痹胶囊”连续服用3个月。结果：43例患临床痊愈30例,有效11例,无效2例,总有效率为95．4％。结论：竹黄通痹胶囊具有清热利湿,活血通络,消肿止痛等作用,且无不良反应。     

Kinetic versus thermodynamic factors in calcium renal lithiasis

Calcium renal lithiasis formation depends on the balance between thermodynamic (supersaturation) and kinetic (inhibitors, nucleants)factors. In this paper, the importance of both groups was evaluated using(a) the complete urine analysis data obtained from 32 healthy volunteers and 141 active stone-formers, and (b) a comprehensive computer model to calculate the supersaturation values of calcium oxalate monohydrate,hydroxyapatite and brushite in each urine sample. The results of this evaluation were used to assess the possible effectiveness of a given pharmacological treatment. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Nephrolithiasis associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: contemporary urological management

PURPOSE: We evaluate the role of contemporary urological intervention in patients with nephrolithiasis associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intervention for upper tract stones associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease was performed in 5 women and 2 men 29 to 65 years old (mean age 47). Indications for intervention consisted of flank pain in 6 patients and/or hematuria in 2. A total of 12 procedures (mean 1.7 per patient) were performed, including shock wave lithotripsy in 6 patients, percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 2, retrograde endoscopy or manipulation in 3 and extended pyelonephrolithotomy in 1. RESULTS: All patients were rendered stone-free or had only residual "dust." Hospital stay for 5 patients was 1 night or less and there were no complications. Renal function for each patient was stable or improved as measured by serum creatinine. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who require intervention for nephrolithiasis can be safely and effectively treated with essentially any or all contemporary, minimally invasive techniques. The choice of intervention can be based primarily on size and location of the upper tract stones rather than the associated presence of polycystic kidneys.     

Variation in clinical outcome following shock wave lithotripsy

PURPOSE: We measure and compare operator specific success rates of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) performed by 12 urologists in 1 unit to determine interoperator variation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1, 1994 to September 1, 1997 a total of 5,769 renal and ureteral stones received 9,607 ESWL treatments by 15 urologists with a Dornier MFL 5000 lithotriptor. The 3-month followup data are available for 4,409 stones. Outcome measures consisted of patient demographics, stone characteristics, technical details of lithotripsy, and stone-free and success rates by treating urologists. RESULTS: Treatment results were analyzed for 12 urologists (surgeons A to L) who treated more than 100 stones each, totaling 4,244 with followup information available. Mean stone-free and success rates were 50.6% and 72.3%, respectively. Surgeon A had significantly higher stone-free and success rates of 56.2% and 76.7%, respectively (p<0.05), with treatment results from 877 stones, which was a significantly higher number than others (p<0.05). Significant differences existed in mean number of shocks delivered among urologists (p = 0.0001), with surgeons A and J delivering the highest mean numbers (2,317 and 2,801, respectively). There was no difference in treatment duration (p = 0.75) but variation existed among urologists in terms of mean maximum treatment voltage (p = 0.0001). Mean fluoroscopy time at 4.1 minutes was higher for surgeon A than others (p<0.05). Mean complication rate following ESWL was 4.9% with no difference among urologists (p = 0.175). Re-treatment was required in 21.7% of cases and surgeon A had the lowest rate (15.9%, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated clinically and statistically significant intra-institutional differences in success rates following ESWL. The best results were obtained by the urologist who treated the greatest number of patients, used a high number of shocks and had the longest fluoroscopy time. Accurate targeting is crucial when using a lithotriptor, such as the Dornier MFL 5000, with a narrow focal zone of 6.5 mm. in diameter. Other centers should be encouraged to develop similar programs of outcome analysis in an attempt to improve performance.     

Metabolic risk factors in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and renal calculi

PURPOSE: We performed a prospective study to determine the incidence and spectrum of metabolic abnormalities predisposing to stone formation in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and renal calculi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 47 consecutive patients with congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction underwent metabolic evaluation of stone risk factors. Of these patients 21 had associated stones (study group), while 26 did not (control group). Logistical regression, Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher's exact tests were performed to determine whether there was a significant difference between these groups in regard to the presence of metabolic risk factors. RESULTS: Demographically and symptomatically the 2 groups were equivalent except that the study patients were older. The 24-hour urinary excretion of calcium was significantly higher in study than in the control patients (p = 0.007). While the incidence of hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria was also higher in the study population, these differences were not significant (p = 0.08 and 0.07, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic abnormalities predisposing to stone formation are present more frequently in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction who have associated stones compared to those who do not. As such, urinary stasis alone does not explain stone formation in these cases. Rather, the local physiological environment of urine likely has a predisposing role. In addition to restoring unobstructed urinary flow, consideration should be given to metabolic evaluation and prophylactic treatment for affected patients.     

杨振国教授术柏痛风汤治疗痛风52例

[目的]观察杨振国术柏痛风汤治疗痛风疗效。[方法]将52例痛风使用术柏痛风汤,1剂/d,早晚各1次,水煎服。15d为1疗程。治疗3个疗程进行疗效判定。[结果]临床治愈32例,显效11例,有效5例,无效4例,总有效率为92.31%。[结论]术柏痛风汤治疗痛风疗效满意,值得推广。     

Multiple bladder calculi: a rare cause of irreducible uterine prolapse

Background A vesical calculus in a prolapsed cystocele is rare. Objective To highlight bladder calculi as a cause of irreducible uterine prolapse. Case Report A case of irreducible total uterine prolapse caused by multiple vesical calculi is presented. Bladder stones were removed through vaginal cystolithotomy followed by vaginal hysterectomy. Conclusion In cases of acute irreducible pelvic organ prolapse, the possibility of bladder stones should be kept in mind and X-ray pelvis including the prolapsed mass should be done to confirm the diagnosis.     

The urate-binding alpha 1-2 globulin. Isolation and characterization of the protein from human plasma

The urate-binding α_1–2 globulin has been isolated from human plasma in a highly purified state. The isolation procedure was based upon anion exchange chromatography of the plasma macromolecular fraction on DEAE-Sephadex columns followed by ammonium sulphate precipitations and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The urate-binding α_1–2 globulin is a rod-shaped glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 67000 as determined by dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and an isoelectric point of pH 4.6. In the presence of 6 N urea and mercaptoethanol respectively the protein does not split into subunits indicating that it might represent a single polypeptide chain. The urato-binding α_1–2 globulin contains 12.1% of carbohydrates including galactose, mannoso, galactosamine and sialic acid. The amino acid composition of the protein does not differ significantly from what is found in other plasma proteins except for the presence in automatic amino acid analysis of an hitherto unidentified compound. Further work is required in order to determine the number of binding sites for uric acid on the protein molecule.—The urate-binding α_1–2 globulin does not seem to be identical to any previously characterized protein from human blood.     

下颌下腺保存治疗新技术体系的建立与应用

<正>下颌下腺系三大唾液腺之一,其分泌的唾液占静止性唾液总量的60%～65%,在人体维持吞咽、消化、味觉、语言等口腔器官的功能以及口腔黏膜保护和龋齿预防等方面均起到非常重要的作用。既往口腔颌面外科多种疾病的传统治疗过程常常牺牲下颌下腺,导致患者程度不等的口干及生活质量下降。因此,探讨下颌下腺相关疾病治疗的新技术,有效保存作为功能器官的下颌下腺,对于预防口干及相关口腔疾病至关重要。北京大学口腔医学院唾液腺疾病研究中心历经15年,     

微创经皮肾穿刺取石术联合输尿管镜碎石术治疗非肾积水型肾鹿角形结石

目的 探讨微创经皮肾穿刺取石术(PCNL)联合输尿管镜碎石术(URL)治疗非肾积水型肾鹿角形结石的安全性及疗效.方法 回顾性分析采用微创PCNL联合URL治疗非肾积水型肾鹿角形结石53例患者的临床资料.结果 53例(64侧)患者均成功施行一期取石,一期取净结石9侧,二期取净结石33侧,三期取净结石13侧,结石总取净率达85.9%(55/64),术后结合体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL),结石总清除率达95.3%(61/64).术中输血3例,术后发生休克1例,发热7例,肉眼血尿5例,耻骨上区、腰腹部不适及肾绞痛12例.结论 微创PCNL联合URL治疗非肾积水型肾鹿角形结石具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,为微创治疗非肾积水型肾鹿角形结石提供新的方法.