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Genome-wide expression profiling of fetal membranes reveals a deficient expression of proteinase inhibitor 3 in premature rupture of membranes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Rockett JC Burczynski ME Fornace AJ Herrmann PC Krawetz SA Dix DJ 《Toxicology and applied pharmacology》2004,194(2):189-199
Genomics and proteomics have made it possible to define molecular physiology in exquisite detail, when tissues are accessible for sampling. However, many tissues are not accessible for human diagnostic evaluations or experimental studies, creating the need for surrogates that afford insight into exposures and effects in such tissues. Surrogate tissue analysis (STA) incorporating contemporary genomic and proteomic technologies may be useful in determining toxicant exposure and effect, or disease state, in target tissues at the pre- or early clinical stage. We present here a discussion of STA based on presentations given at the Society of Toxicology's 2003 annual meeting's "Innovations in Applied Toxicology" symposium. Speakers at the symposium (Box 1) discussed various potential applications of STA, including the use of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) as a source of genetic biomarkers to monitor radiation exposure; the use of gene expression analysis of PBLs and hair follicles as a means to monitor the impact of toxicants on inaccessible organs; the characterization of disease-associated gene signatures in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients; the use of sperm RNA to determine genetic and environmental effects on sperm development in the testis; and the use of serum protein profiles to monitor the development and progression of various cancers. Also discussed are some of the challenges that must be overcome if the utility of STA is to be proven, and thus permit researchers to move this concept from the laboratory to the clinical environment. 相似文献
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The availability of numerous complete microbial genome sequences has profoundly altered our understanding of a number of fundamental biological processes. For example the enzymes involved in aminoacyl-tRNA (AA-tRNA) synthesis, the key process responsible for the accuracy of protein synthesis, have been found to be highly species-specific. In particular, a number of pathogens contain certain pathways of AA-tRNA synthesis that are unrelated to those found in their mammalian hosts. Since AA-tRNA synthesis is indispensable for cell viability, the discovery of pathogen-specific pathways and enzymes presents novel therapeutic and diagnostic targets. Here we will review recent advances in the elucidation of AA-tRNA synthesis pathways and discuss the possible pharmaceutical exploitation of these discoveries. In particular, the integration of genomic and biochemical approaches to identify novel targets for the treatment of Chlamydial infections and the diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease will be presented. 相似文献
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From the genome to the proteome—biomarkers in colorectal cancer 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的基因组学研究 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
目的 寻找瘢痕疙瘩致病相关基因,探讨瘢痕疙瘩的发生机理。方法 利用含1100个人类肿瘤相关基因的cDNA芯片(cDNA—microarray)对耳垂和胸部瘢痕疙瘩及正常皮肤成纤维细胞进行检测,初步分析瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞与正常皮肤成纤维细胞基因总体表达的差异,并筛选出差异基因。结果 在耳垂及胸部瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中,分别有8种和17种特异性表达基因被检出。在正常皮肤中特异性表达的细胞增殖抑制基因Mda-7,在耳垂及胸部瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中均未被表达。结论 多种基因参与了瘢痕疙瘩的形成过程,瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞与正常皮肤成纤维细胞之间存在基因表达的差异,增殖因子受体PAR-1和增殖抑制基因Mda-7可能参与瘢痕疙瘩的形成。 相似文献
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Julianne M. O’Daniel Sara Ackerman Lauren R. Desrosiers Shannon Rego Sara J. Knight Lonna Mollison Grace Byfield Katherine P. Anderson Maria I. Danila Carol R. Horowitz Galen Joseph Grace Lamoure Nangel M. Lindberg Carmit K. McMullen Kathleen F. Mittendorf Michelle A. Ramos Mimsie Robinson Catherine Sillari Ebony B. Madden 《Genetics in medicine》2022,24(5):1108-1119
PurposeThere is a critical need for genomic medicine research that reflects and benefits socioeconomically and ancestrally diverse populations. However, disparities in research populations persist, highlighting that traditional study designs and materials may be insufficient or inaccessible to all groups. New approaches can be gained through collaborations with patient/community stakeholders. Although some benefits of stakeholder engagement are recognized, routine incorporation into the design and implementation of genomics research has yet to be realized.MethodsThe National Institutes of Health–funded Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER) consortium required stakeholder engagement as a dedicated project component. Each CSER project planned and carried out stakeholder engagement activities with differing goals and expected outcomes. Examples were curated from each project to highlight engagement strategies and outcomes throughout the research lifecycle from development through dissemination.ResultsProjects tailored strategies to individual study needs, logistical constraints, and other challenges. Lessons learned include starting early with engagement efforts across project stakeholder groups and planned flexibility to enable adaptations throughout the project lifecycle.ConclusionEach CSER project used more than 1 approach to engage with relevant stakeholders, resulting in numerous adaptations and tremendous value added throughout the full research lifecycle. Incorporation of community stakeholder insight improves the outcomes and relevance of genomic medicine research. 相似文献
50.
Simon P. Kim Neal J. Meropol Cary P. Gross Jon C. Tilburt Badrinath Konety James B. Yu Robert Abouassaly Christopher J. Weight Stephen B. Williams Nilay D. Shah 《Urologic oncology》2018,36(11):501.e15-501.e21