介入治疗瘢痕妊娠42例临床分析

目的:探讨双侧子宫动脉介入栓塞治疗子宫瘢痕妊娠的应用价值。方法:收集2007年2月～2009年12月均确诊子宫瘢痕妊娠的患者42例,采用Seldinger法进行右侧股动脉穿刺成功后,将导管超选至双侧子宫动脉,经导管于双侧子宫动脉内灌注MTX后行明胶海绵颗粒栓塞,术后24～48h内行B超引导下清宫术。结果:42例患者均栓塞成功,清宫术中出血量少,血HCG下降理想。结论:介入治疗子宫瘢痕妊娠既安全、有效,又无严重并发症,缩短了住院时间,值得临床推广使用。     

鼻内镜下生物羊膜+明胶海绵治疗鼻腔粘连的疗效观察

目的 观察鼻内镜下应用生物羊膜+明胶海绵治疗鼻腔粘连的临床疗效. 方法 对2010年1月至2013年6月就诊的46例鼻腔粘连患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组27例采用生物羊膜+明胶海绵治疗,对照组19例单独使用明胶海绵治疗,分别评定疗效.结果 治疗后2周、1个月、3个月分别随访,治疗组有效率96.3%,对照组有效率68.4%,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组. 结论 鼻内镜下应用生物羊膜+明胶海绵治疗鼻腔粘连是一种方便、有效的好方法.     

明胶添加量对α-磷酸三钙骨水泥性能的影响

目的 探讨明胶溶液添加量对α-磷酸三钙（α-tricalcium phosphate,α-TCP）骨水泥体系性能的影响。方法 将不同比例的明胶溶液与α-TCP骨水泥体系调和,测量各组骨水泥试样的抗弯强度和抗压强度,与未添加明胶溶液的对照组进行比较。将力学强度提高最大的一组与对照组进行防水性能、凝固时间和电镜下表面形貌图对比观察。结果 当明胶溶液与骨水泥调和液体积比（V_{明胶溶胶液}∶V_{骨水泥调和液}) = 25∶100时,骨水泥试样的抗压强度和抗弯强度最大。与对照组相比,抗压强度由（7.874 54±0.660 97） MPa提高到（9.936 52±0.433 17） MPa,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);抗弯强度由（5.157 06±0.298 30） MPa提高到（7.959 71±0.281 63） MPa,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。初凝时间由3 min延长到5 min,而终凝时间仍为13 min。同时骨水泥防水性能增强,形成的羟基磷灰石晶体更加密集、均匀。结论 适宜的明胶溶液添加比例可以提高α-TCP骨水泥的力学性能、防水性能,并获得更适合临床应用的凝固时间。     

派丽奥复合明胶海绵治疗干槽症的临床研究

目的观察派丽奥复合明胶海绵治疗干槽症的临床应用。方法将60例干槽症患者随机分为两组,常规清创,牙槽窝内置入派丽奥复合明胶海绵为实验组,牙槽窝内置入碘仿纱条为对照组,3天及7天后复诊进行疗效的比较。结果实验组痊愈25例,对照组痊愈10例。治疗效果比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),实验组疗效优于对照组。结论派丽奥复合明胶海绵较碘仿纱条治疗干槽症疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

明胶海绵用于PICC置管术后穿刺点出血的临床观察

目的:探讨PICC置管后的有效止血方式。方法:将60例留置PICC接受化疗的患者随机分为对照组和试验组,两组置管后均用弹力绷带包扎24 h,24 h后常规更换敷贴时试验组于穿刺点覆盖吸收性明胶海绵,对照组于穿刺点常规换药,观察两组患者1周内穿刺点渗血情况和换药次数。结果:试验组穿刺点渗血程度和换药次数明显少于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:24 h后常规更换敷贴时于穿刺点覆盖吸收性明胶海绵比常规换药出血量少,且1周内换药次数也减少。     

Material design for an artificial extracellular matrix: Cell entrapment in poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-grafted gelatin hydrogel

As a thermoresponsive extracellular matrix, PNIPAM-derivatized gelatin (PNIPAM-gelatin) was synthesized by an iniferter-based graft polymerization of NIPAM on side chains of gelatin (molecular weight, ca. 9.5 ×10⁴ g/mol). The degree of grafting was 22.6 groups per molecule, and the estimated molecular weight of PNIPAM was ca. 1.2×10⁴ g/mol. The phase transition of dissolution/precipitation of PNIPAM-gelatin occurred at around 35°C. At concentrations above 15 w/v% over about 35°C, the solution was converted to hydrogel. The mechanical strength of the produced hydrogel increased with the concentration of PNIPAM-gelatin. The apparent elastic modulus of the hydrogel at a concentration of 20 w/v% was 1.2×10⁴Pa, which is nearly equal to that of collagen gel prepared at 0.15w/v%. When a culture medium containing the PNIPAM-gelatin (concentration, 20 w/v%) and bovine smooth muscle cells was incubated at 37°C, the cells were entrapped into a hydrogel. The entrapped cells apparently died in hydrogel with a thickness of 1 mm. However, the use of thinner hydrogel (thickness, 0.1 mm) or comixing with a small amount of PNIPAM-derivatized hyaluronic acid (PNIPAM-HA), even at 1 mm thickness, appeared to increase the survival of entrapped cells.     

Development of a conjugated gadolinium and cisplatin-gelatin possessing properties as an intravascular contrast agent for MR imaging

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to create a Gd-DTPA-Gel-Cis compound, which made from gadolinum (Gd), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-dianhydride, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (Cis) and bovine gelatin (Gel), that makes it possible to visualize Cis as intravascular agent under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and methods

The amount of DTPA, Gd, and Cis were titrated to determine the new compound's conjugation ratio with gelatin. Considering these functions, Gd-DTPA-Gel-Cis was synthesized, and its stability in bovine serum was evaluated. In addition, the signal intensity of the diluted sample was measured under 1.5 Tesla MRI.

Results

The synthesized 10 mg/ml of Gd-DTPA-Gel-Cis contained 42.84 μg/ml of Gd and 1.53 μg/ml of platinum. Gd-DTPA-Gel-Cis (100 mg/10 ml) enclosed into the cellulose dialysis tubing was placed in 90 ml of bovine serum and shaken reciprocally at 72 stroke/min at 37 °C. Partial release of free Pt was shown at 6 and 24 h, but no release of Gd occurred for a 24-h period. And high stability of Gd conjugated to DTPA-Gel-Cis. This result suggests possible anti-tumor effectiveness and high stability of Gd conjugated to DTPA-Gel-Cis. The diluted sample presented high signal intensity under 1.5 Tesla MRI.

Conclusion

Gd-DTPA-Gel-Cis has been developed successfully and we have proven its stability and contrast ability in MRI.     

乳液冷冻干燥法制备明胶多孔支架及其性能研究

目的 采用乳液冷冻干燥法制备用于组织修复的明胶多孔支架材料,考察主要制备参数对支架材料性能的影响,为进一步制备满足细胞培养和临床应用的支架材料提供依据.方法 采用乳液冷冻干燥法,将明胶溶液与有机醇混合制成乳液,预冻,冷冻干燥得到支架材料,考察其性能.结果 制备过程中,乳液的固含量,预冻温度对支架材料的微观结构、表观密度、含水量和孔隙率有较大影响.结论 采用乳液冷冻干燥法可以成功的制备明胶多孔支架材料,通过控制反应条件和参数可以调整支架孔隙结构和性能,从而得到满足需要的支架材料.     

Formulation of multiparticulate systems as lyophilised orally disintegrating tablets

The current study aimed to exploit the electrostatic associative interaction between carrageenan and gelatin to optimise a formulation of lyophilised orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) suitable for multiparticulate delivery. A central composite face centred (CCF) design was applied to study the influence of formulation variables (gelatin, carrageenan and alanine concentrations) on the crucial responses of the formulation (disintegration time, hardness, viscosity and pH). The disintegration time and viscosity were controlled by the associative interaction between gelatin and carrageenan upon hydration which forms a strong complex that increases the viscosity of the stock solution and forms tablet with higher resistant to disintegration in aqueous medium. Therefore, the levels of carrageenan, gelatin and their interaction in the formulation were the significant factors. In terms of hardness, increasing gelatin and alanine concentration was the most effective way to improve tablet hardness. Accordingly, optimum concentrations of these excipients were needed to find the best balance that fulfilled all formulation requirements. The revised model showed high degree of predictability and optimisation reliability and therefore was successful in developing an ODT formulation with optimised properties that were able deliver enteric coated multiparticulates of omeprazole without compromising their functionality.     

应用明胶海绵野三明治冶法在硬脊膜缝合后预防脑脊液漏的作用

 目的 探讨明胶海绵“三明治”法(医用胶+明胶海绵+医用胶)在加强硬脊膜后方裂口缝合预防脑脊液漏的作用。方法 回顾性分析2007年2月至2011年6月收治的54例椎管内硬脊膜下肿瘤患者资料,根据修复硬脊膜的方法将患者分成两组。常规修复组23例,男16例,女7例;年龄24～69 岁,平均(45.2±7.2)岁;“三明治”组31例,男19例,女12例;年龄22～67 岁,平均(44.2±6.4)岁。患者在切除椎管内硬脊膜下的肿瘤后,常规修复组采用连续锁边缝合硬脊膜后覆盖大小合适的明胶海绵;“三明治”组在连续锁边缝合硬脊膜后,加用医用胶喷涂缝合口及周缘硬脊膜,而后覆盖大小合适的明胶海绵,最后再次在明胶海绵表面及周缘喷涂医用胶。结果 与常规修复组比较,“三明治”组术后当天、第1天、第2天、第3天引流量均明显下降。常规修复组在引流管拔除后7～10 d仍有3例出现切口积液,经穿刺抽液、沙袋加压、俯卧体位等治疗后切口愈合。两组患者均获随访,随访时间12~63个月,平均26.5个月。常规组3个月后有5例伤口发生深部积液;“三明治”组未见明显异常。结论 应用“三明治”法修复硬脊膜背部损伤裂口可明显提高缝合修复效果,有效减少术后引流量,降低脑脊液漏发生率。