Effect of chronic oral domperidone therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with parkinson's disease

This study investigated whether domperidone could improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease who were receiving levodopa therapy. A total of 11 patients were studied. Following a baseline gastric emptying test, patients were treated with a starting dose of domperidone 20 mg p.o. q.i.d. A follow-up gastric emptying test was repeated at least 4 months after starting domperidone therapy. At the beginning and at each 3-month follow-up visit, symptoms of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal bloating, heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and constipation were evaluated and scored on a scale of 0–3. The overall mean follow-up period was 3 years. Compared with their baseline evaluation, patients experienced a significant improvement in all symptoms (p < 0.05) except dysphagia and constipation. Gastric emptying of an isotope-labeled solid meal was significantly faster, with a baseline result of 60.2 ± 6.4% retention of isotope 2 h after the meal compared with 37.0 ± 2.2% retention during domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Patients' global assessment of Parkinson's disease remained stable or improved. Serum prolactin was elevated in all patients after domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Domperidone therapy significantly reduces upper gastrointestinal symptoms and accelerates gastric emptying of a solid meal, but does not interfere with response to antiparkinsonism treatment.     

豚鼠胃肠道粘膜下层内神经节丛与血管的伴行现象

对豚鼠胃肠道各段的研究发现,在胃体、胃底和幽门的粘膜下层内,血管仅由神经纤维束伴行。除小肠粘膜下层可见神经节丛与血管伴行外,在盲肠粘膜下层,亦可见神经节丛与小动、静脉伴行,尤以血管始段及第一分支段最明显。某些神经节丛还发出神经纤维束投射到血管壁上。在结肠和直肠均未见到神经节丛与血管的伴行现象。     

隐睾患儿血清FSH、LH、T水平及其临床意义

目的研究隐睾患儿血中促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体激素(LID和睾酮(T)激素水平变化,探讨其临床意义及在隐睾症发病中的作用。方法应用化学发光免疫技术检测42例隐睾症和23例斜疝(对照组)患儿血清FSH、LH、T水平。结果单侧隐睾症组和斜疝组之间血清FSH、LH和T水平无显著性差异(P＞0．05)；(2)双侧隐睾组血清FSH水平高于斜疝组,差别有统计学意义(P＜0．05)；单侧隐睾症组血清FSH高于斜疝组,低于双侧隐睾症组,差别无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论(1)血清中性激素LH和T水平的变化在隐睾发生中并不起主要作用；(2)血清FSH水平的升高可能反映睾丸功能损害严重程度。     

Expression and significance of HIF-1α and ET-1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Objective To explore the expression and the value of HIF-1α,and ET-1 in judging the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The expression of HIF-1α, and ET-1 protein was examined in 76 GISTs by immunohistochemistry S -P methods. Results There was a positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α and ET-1 was 73.68% (50/76) ,and 65.79% (50/76) respectively,which was related with histologicial grade, tumor diameter, infiltration and metastasis, nuclear division rating of GISTs ( P < 0.05 ), but had no relationship with patients' age, gender, initial position of the tumor ( P > 0.05 ). There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 in the following groups:among the three classes of very low-risk and low-risk, middle-risk, high-risk, bewteen the diameter < 2 cm and > 5 cm (P < 0.05). The more malignant degree and larger diameter, the more highly positive expression rate ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression in the groups with infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division ≥5/50 HP was sig-nificantly higher than the groups without infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division < 5/50 HP (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α had a significant correlation with ET-1. HIF-1α,and ET-1 expression was closely related with the prognosis of GISTs,and can serve as important predictors for survival.     

重型颅脑损伤后应激性溃疡防治与胃肠道感染的相关性及对策

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者应用洛赛克对应激性溃疡进行防治与胃肠道感染几率增加之间的关系及治疗对策。方法回顾近3年来我院收治的重型颅脑损伤并存活30 d以上病人176例,测定不同时间胃液pH值并分析防治应激性溃疡与发生胃肠道感染的相关性以及相应对策。结果在126例持续应用洛赛克的患者中,持续应用＞7 d的患者胃肠道感染发生率明显高于持续应用≤7 d的病人。其余50例间隔应用洛赛克患者与126例持续应用洛赛克患者相比,应激性溃疡发生率无明显差别,但间隔应用洛赛克患者胃肠道感染发生率较持续应用洛赛克＞7 d的患者明显下降。结论重型颅脑损伤患者应激性溃疡防治＞7 d者,由于胃酸分泌严重抑制,增加胃肠道感染发生率。间隔性应用洛赛克治疗在抑制胃酸分泌,减少应激性溃疡发生的同时,可明显减少胃肠道感染的发生。     

A longitudinal study of semen quality in pesticide spraying danish farmers

It was hypothesized that occupational exposure to pesticides during a spraying season causes changes in semen quality that might be detected in a longitudinal study. We analyzed the within-person changes in semen quality and reproductive hormones across a spraying season in groups of farmers using and not using pesticides. A total of 248 men collected two semen samples (participation rate: 32%). The median sperm concentration declined significantly from the first to the second sample in both groups, but there was no statistical difference in the decline between the two groups, unadjusted or adjusted. Only minor changes were found in sperm morphology, vitality, motility, sperm chromatin denaturation (SCSA), and reproductive hormones, and the differences in changes between the two groups were nonsignificant, or, in the opposite direction to the expected. There was no relation between the changes in sperm parameters in relation to pesticide exposure variables. In conclusion, use of pesticides by Danish farmers is not a likely cause of short-term effects on semen quality and reproductive hormones.     

15例胃间质瘤临床病理分析

近年来，许多学者通过免疫组化及超微结构对胃肠间质瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor，GIST）进行研究。我院近8年来收治15例胃间质瘤，现将其临床病理特点分析报告如下。