Gall Stone Ileus with Acute Kidney Injury—A Case Report

Abstract

Gall stone ileus is a rare serious complication of cholelithiasis. We report a case of cholecystoduodenal fistula presenting as gall stone ileus with acute kidney injury which was managed successfully.     

老年结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻的外科治疗体会(附45例报告)

目的探讨老年结肠癌并发急性梗阻的临床特点、围手术期处理和术式选择。方法回顾性分析45例手术治疗的老年结肠癌并发急性梗阻患者的临床资料。结果术前明确诊断39例(86.67%),并发肠穿孔6例术前全部确诊;Ⅰ期切除吻合26例(57.78%),Ⅰ期切除近端造瘘7例(15.56%);分期手术9例(20.00%);DukesD期3例(6.67%)仅行近端结肠造瘘;发生切口并发症11例(24.44%),其中感染4例,裂开7例,均治愈;发生吻合口瘘2例,经腹腔灌洗引流治愈1例;术后死亡3例(6.67%),分别死于吻合口瘘、感染和多器官功能衰竭。42例术后得到随访,平均生存期(23.40±4.56)个月。结论老年结肠癌并发急性梗阻临床表现复杂,并发症发生率高,治疗以外科手术为主,加强围手术期处理,合理把握手术时机以及正确选择手术方式是降低手术风险、减少并发症和保证治疗效果的关键。     

Wernicke encephalopathy,dysautonomia and excessive soft drink consumption: An unusual triad

We report the clinical observation of a 46 years old woman developing Wernicke encephalopathy with an atypical presentation, which is complicated by severe dysautonomic syndrome with paralytic ileus, a rarely described complication. Moreover, the patient's Coca-Cola® addictive behaviour highlights the importance of considering the multifactorial origin of thiamine deficiency. Identifying the risk population and recognizing the symptoms in time is essential to avoid a diagnostic delay, potentially fatal, and can lead to a more efficient care management.     

农村老年胆囊结石患者双向转诊过程中单病种临床路径的应用

目的探讨单病种临床路径在农村老年胆囊结石患者双向转诊中的应用效果。方法选取2013年10月~2014年10月在苏州大学附属常熟医院(以下简称"我院")行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术60岁及以上患者46例,随机分为试验组(n=23)和对照组(n=23)。试验组患者从入院手术到出院转回常熟市辛庄镇卫生院后续治疗均按胆囊结石单病种临床路径模式管理实施连续医疗护理;对照组患者则按传统治疗方法处理,痊愈后从我院直接出院。对两组患者的医院平均住院时间、抗生素使用时间、总住院费用、患者满意度等指标进行对比分析。结果试验组患者在平均住院时间、抗生素使用时间、总住院费用、患者满意度等方面均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论单病种临床路径在农村老年胆囊结石患者双向转诊中效果明显,值得推广。     

Hepatic cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in Japanese patients with cholesterol gallstones

In Japan the composition of gallstones is changing rapidly from the once-predominant brownpigment stones to cholesterol ones. The present work was undertaken to clarify the mechanism of cholesterol supersaturated bile production in Japanese patients with cholesterol gallstones. In 26 non-obese and normolipidemic patients (11 with cholesterol gallstones, 8 with black- or brown-pigment gallstones, 7 without gallstones) a liver biopsy and hepatic bile were surgically obtained under standardized conditions. The cholesterol saturation of hepatic bile was significantly higher in cholesterol gallstone patients than in gallstone-free controls (195 ±10 vs. 146 ±8%, respectively; P < 0.01). The microsomal activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis, and 7 α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 12 α-hydroxylase (12 α-hydroxylase), the rate-limiting enzyme for cholic acid synthesis, were assayed simultaneously in the same subjects. There were positive correlations between HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase activities (Rs = 0.62, P < 0.005), and between cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase and 12 α-hydroxylase activities (Rs = 0.44, P < 0.05) in all subjects, irrespective of the existence of gallstones. The activities of the three rate-limiting enzymes did not differ significantly among the three groups (cholesterol stone, pigment stone and stone-free). In conclusion, the cholesterol supersaturation of hepatic bile in nonobese and normolipidemic Japanese patients with cholesterol gallstones does not result from an increased hepatic cholesterol synthesis or a decreased bile acid synthesis. This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 02454226) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, and a grant from University of Tsukuba Project Research.     

胆结石患者血清和胆汁幽门螺杆菌相关蛋白免疫印迹检测

目的：研究幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与胆石形成的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链免疫吸附法（ELISA）对胆结石患者的血清及胆汁免疫球蛋白IgG,IgA,IgM标本进行检测，对血清学及胆汁IgG均阳性患者的胆汁，采用免疫印迹法（Western blot)进行HP感染相关蛋白检测。结果：胆结石组50例患者中血清学及胆汁IgG均阳性者29例（58.0%)，另取非胆结石组13例作为对照，胆结石组与非胆结石组血清及胆汁HP免疫印迹检测，均可检出4种主要HP感染相关蛋白，但胆结石组血清及胆汁中UreA检出率较非胆结石组高。结论：胆汁中存在多种HP感染相关蛋白，并可能参与胆结石的形成。     

Epidermoid Cyst—A Rare Mediastinal Mass

Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal problem in day-to-day practice. The Old concept that a typical gallstone sufferer is fat, fertile, flatulent female of 50. This is partially true as the disease has been found in women soon after their first delivery who are thin and underweight and in males also. Conditions that favor the formation of cholesterol gallstones are super saturation of bile with cholesterol, kinetically favorable nucleation and presence of cholesterol crystals in the gall bladder long enough to agglomerate into a stone. Recent studies have defined the role of trace elements (Fe, Ca, Zn and Cu) and defective pH in the formation of gallstones. The aim of the study was to correlate iron-deficiency anemia with gallstone disease. To estimate the serum ferritin level as a diagnostic tool of iron deficiency anemia in patients with gallstone disease, this prospective study of 100 patients was conducted over a period of 24 months in the Department of General Surgery, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. Serum cholesterol, iron and ferritin levels were compared in patients having gallstones and healthy individuals. A low serum iron level is a factor in bile super saturation with respect to cholesterol, leading to gallstone formation.