Gender and metabolic differences of gallstone diseases

AIM： To investigate the risk factors for gallstone disease in the general population of Chengdu, China. METHODS： This study was conducted at the West China Hospital. Subjects who received a physical examination at this hospital between January and December 2007 were included. Body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid and lipoproteins concentrations were analyzed. Gallstone disease was diagnosed by ultrasound or on the basis of a history of cholecystectomy because of gallstone disease. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for gallstone disease, and the Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the incidence of metabolic disorders between subjects with and without gallstone disease. RESULTS： A total of 3573 people were included, 10.7% （384/3573） of whom had gallstone diseases. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the incidence of gallstone disease in subjects aged 40-64 or ≥65 years was significantly different from that in those aged 18-39 years （P 〈 0.05）; the incidence was higher in women than in men （P 〈 0.05）. In men,a high level of fasting plasma glucose was obvious in gallstone disease （P 〈 0.05）, and in women, hypertriglyceridemia or obesity were significant in gallstone disease （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： We assume that age and sex are profoundly associated with the incidence of gallstone disease; the metabolic risk factors for gallstone disease were different between men and women.     

Successful endoscopic treatment of colonic gallstone ileus using electrohydraulic lithotripsy

The surgical management of gallstone ileus is complex and potentially highly morbid.Initial management requires enterolithotomy and is generally followed by fistula resection at a later date.There have been reports of gallstone extraction using various endoscopic modalities to relieve the obstruction,however,to date,there has never been a published case of endoscopic stone extraction from the colon using electrohydraulic lithotripsy.In this report,we present the technique employed to successfully perform an...     

原发性胆囊癌100例报告

本文报告我院近30年(1956～1986)原发性胆囊癌 100例。该病居我院消化道癌第五位。胆囊癌病因相关因素较多,但以胆囊粘膜的慢性刺激和胆酸代谢紊乱较为重要,其早期诊断困难,对高危人群进行B 超切面显像监测值得推崇。为了防止漏诊,胆囊切除术中应常规剖视胆囊标本并送病理检查。胆囊癌早期倾向局部转移,应力争根治切除。为防患于未然,作者提出二级预防建议。     

经皮胆镜胆囊碎石取石术（附684例报告）

１９９１年１０月至１９９３年４月，作者采用经皮胆镜碎石取石术治疗胆囊结石６８４例，手术成功率为９６．２９％，结石残留率２．３４％，治愈率９７．６６％，无术后并发症及死亡者。术后１３６例随访６～２４月（平均１６月），其中９例（６．６１％）结石复发。本法近期效果明显，优于其他各种非手术疗法，并具有创伤小，痛苦少、康复快的特点，既一次能清除较多的胆囊结石，又保留了功能良好的胆囊，是一种有效、经济、值得推广的内镜新技术。     

高效液相色谱法测定速效牛黄丸中胆红素的含量

本文报道了高效液相色谱法测定速效牛黄丸中胆红素含量的方法。采用进口ODS(美国)色谱柱,氯仿-甲醇(9∶1)为流动相,在450nm波长处检测,线性范围0.02～0.08mg/ml,平均回收率为99.9%,精密度以CV表示为2.7%,方法简便,准确。     

鹅去氧胆酸噁唑啉乙酰化合物的合成

鹅去氧胆酸用于治疗胆石症,能抑制胆固醇和胆酸在肝脏的合成,增加胆固醇在胆汁中的溶解度。但是它易被肠道细菌7-脱羟酶作用生成石胆酸,引起对肝脏的毒性,而且用药剂量较大、疗程较长。根据Cohen和Mosbach等报道,胆酸(口恶)唑啉衍生物可抑制7-脱羟     

Recurrent small bowel obstruction after laparoscopic surgery for gallstone ileus

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon cause of small bowel obstruction. A patient presenting with gallstone ileus was managed in our department by laparoscopic enterolithotomy. Postoperatively, the patient developed recurrent small bowel obstruction due to the presence of a second gallstone. It is therefore important to exclude the possibility of multiple gallstones at the initial operation.     

ELISA法检测胆汁200kD糖蛋白

目的：建立检测胆汁蛋白的ELISA方法，初步应用临床，开辟胆石症研究的新途径。方法：利用已提纯的具有强力促成核活性的200kD糖蛋白，免疫家兔获得特异性抗体，首次建立了该糖蛋白ELISA测定方法，并测定了15例患者．结果：胆石症患者血清中该糖蛋白的含量明显高于对照组。结论：该糖蛋白的ELISA检测法具有一定的临床价值。     

Gallstones in Gallbladder Diseases

The correlation between gallbladder stones (gallstones) and various gallbladder diseases was examined. The incidence of gallstones was 47.1% in cases of nonneoplastic epithelial polyp, 48.0% in adenoma, and 59.1% in adenocarcinoma. There was no relation between the incidence of gallstones and sex. The incidence of gallstones in cancer cases showed no difference among histological gradings. Non neoplastic epithelial polyps, adenomas and carcinomas were divided into metaplastic type and non metaplastic type based on the presence or absence of metaplastic changes. Comparison of the incidence of gallstones showed that cases of metaplastic type polyp and adenoma had a higher incidence of gallstones than non metaplastic type polyp and adenoma. In the cases of cancer, no differences were observed in the incidence of gallstones between metaplastic type and non metaplastic type carcinomas. However, comparison among early carcinomas showed that metaplastic type carcinoma had a significantly higher incidence of gallstones than the non metaplastic type. These results suggest that gallstones may play an important role in the histogenesis of gallbladder diseases of the metaplastic type. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 582 585, 1989.