舌癌根治术后游离前臂皮瓣一期舌再造术的改进

背景与目的：舌癌根治术造成半舌缺损,严重影响患者的生存质量。术中行一期舌再造术可保证手术创面的Ⅰ期愈合,使患者的吞咽及语言功能早日恢复,然而游离皮瓣再造舌时常发生的血管危象问题一直阻碍着这项手术的广泛开展。本文报告在应用游离前臂皮瓣行一期舌再造术中所做的一些改进方法,旨在提高其成功率。方法：对32例舌鳞癌患者在根治术中应用游离前臂皮瓣行一期舌再造,在皮瓣设计、制备和血管吻合等方面加以改进。结果：术后口腔和颈部创面均一期愈合,无涎瘘、乳糜漏、口底颌下瘘和感染等并发症发生;术后出现血管危象6例,5例抢救成功,1例失败,最终放弃皮瓣,移植成活率为96．9％。再造舌外形大部分良好,语言和吞咽功能恢复良好。结论：改进的游离前臂皮瓣舌再造术再造舌的成功率较高。     

神经刺激器引导下多点臂丛神经阻滞在高龄患者前臂手术中的应用

目的比较神经刺激器引导下行多点腋路臂丛神经阻滞与传统腋路臂丛神经阻滞和全身麻醉在高龄患者前臂手术中的麻醉效果和安全性。方法60例择期行前臂及手部手术的高龄患者随机均分为A、B、C三组。A组在神经刺激器引导下行分别阻滞肌皮神经、正中神经、尺神经和桡神经,局麻药选用0.25%罗哌卡因各5～6ml;B组行单纯腋路臂丛神经阻滞,注射0.25%罗哌卡因20～25ml;C组行插管全身麻醉。记录患者平均动脉压、麻醉相关数据。结果B组VAS评分明显高于A组(P<0.01);C组T1、T2、T3时间点与T0MAP比较有明显降低(P<0.05、P<0.01、P<0.01);C组在T1、T3时间点的MAP、镇痛时间、在室时间、术后送ICU患者比例均与A、B组有显著差异。结论采用神经刺激器引导下行多点臂丛神经阻滞用于高龄患者前臂手术成功率高,安全、麻醉并发症少。     

Interlocking Nailing of Forearm Fractures

Aim of the study : The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the results after treating diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna with an interlocking intramedullary nail.

Materials and methods : Between 2001 and 2005, 78 patients with 118 fractures were treated using the ForeSight intramedullary nail (Smith & Nephew, Memphis, USA). The average patient age was 37.02 years. In the postoperative period, early and late complications were evaluated through radiological and functional methods. The average period of follow-up was 25 months (range: 12–58 months).

Results : The average length of time to demonstrated bone healing was 14.2 weeks. Four cases of prolonged healing were observed. Pseudo-arthrosis formation did not occur. Assessment of function according to Anderson gave the following results: full range of movement in 88.6% of patients; mild restriction of movement in 10.1%; severe restriction of movement in 1.3% of patients. The implanted material was extracted from 27 patients. Refractures did not occur. Postoperative complications included: 1 superficial infection, 3 cases of incomplete radio-ulnar synostosis; one case of compartment syndrome.

Conclusions : Upon comparing the techniques of using plates with those of nailing in the treatment of forearm fractures, we have achieved comparable results with nailing. We therefore regard it as advantageous, in particular for treating open, serial and grossly comminuted fractures of the forearm bones.     

套式支架与小夹板治疗前臂骨折及生物力学实验研究

应用自行研制的套式支架与小夹板外固定，治疗前臂骨折２１例，结果治愈１８例，好转３例。生物力学测试结果表明，其外固定作用完全符合生物力学原理，是一种较好的单纯外固定方法。     

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma arising in myositis ossificans

A 53-year-old woman had extraskeletal osteosarcoma that developed from a soft tissue bony mass present on the volar aspect of the left wrist for 4 years. Initially, the bony mass was soft and movable, but during the first year it became hard and fixed. The patient had no history of trauma. Because the lesion did not grow or cause any symptoms, the patient did not come to the hospital until 4 years after she first noticed the lesion. Radiologically, the bony mass had features characteristic of mature myositis ossificans, showing ”eggshell” ossification. A nonmineralized soft tissue mass occurred between the surface of the radius and the bony shell. Histologically, a high-grade osteosarcoma was present between the surface of the radius and the well-differentiated bone tissue, which included fatty and hematopoietic marrow. All the findings indicated that our patient had an extremely rare case of malignant transformation of myositis ossificans. Received: 22 June 2000 Revision requested: 2 August 2000 Revision received: 14 September 2000 Accepted: 25 September 2000     

Functional connectivity between forearm and digits representations in human somatosensory area 3b.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the effects of tactile interference to the forearm on magnetic responses evoked by electric stimulation of the little finger (D5) and the thumb (D1). METHODS: Electric stimulation was delivered to D5 or D1 individually. In each stimulus session, magnetic recordings were conducted with or without concurrent tactile interference to the radial side of the anterior forearm. RESULTS: With forearm interference, the amplitude of the primary response (N20m) following D5 stimulation was reduced to 90.7% of the control value without interference, while that following D1 stimulation was not affected (100.7%). CONCLUSIONS: In human somatosensory area 3b, the representation of the forearm is immediately adjacent to that of the D5, and distant from that of the D1. Thus, the result suggests that the tactile interference effect on N20m depends on the cortical distance between electrically and mechanically activated 3b areas. SIGNIFICANCE: Intrinsic synaptic connections between the 3b hand representation and its surroundings have been hypothesized as a neural basis for plastic changes of the human brain, such as a phantom hand phenomenon. The present finding implies that these connections may play some physiological roles even in normal adult humans.