支原体肺炎肺外损伤患儿T细胞亚群、IFNγ、TNFα的变化及意义

目的 探讨支原体肺炎肺外损伤患儿细胞免疫、细胞因子状况和胸腺肽的治疗效果。方法 采用流式细胞仪和酶标仪检测31例支原体肺炎肺外损伤组患儿急性期、恢复期血中CD3CD4、CD8、CD4／CD8干扰素γ（IFNγ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα水平，并与支原体肺炎组比较。结果 ①急性期支原体肺炎肺外损伤组和支原体肺炎组比较，CD3、CD4显著降低（P〈0．05），TNFα显著升高（P〈0．01），CD8、IFNγ无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；②支原体肺炎肺外损伤组急性期和4周后比较，CD3、CD4、IFNγ升高（P〈0．05），TNFα显著降低（P〈0．01），CD8无变化。用胸腺肽治疗患者以上指标变化更明显。结论 支原体肺炎肺外损伤患儿细胞免疫功能低于支原体肺炎患儿；细胞因子中TNFα早期升高，而IFNγ不明显；恢复期TNFα下降，而IFNγ升高明显。用胸腺肽治疗能缩短病程。     

Extended total arch replacement for type B aortic dissection with ascending aneurysm following healed aortic dissection

We describe a case of type B aortic dissection with large ascending aortic aneurysm occurring 12.8 years after aortic root replacement (Cabrol procedure) in a non-Marfan patient with cystic medial necrosis of the aorta. We have successfully performed an extended total aortic arch replacement using a four-branched graft through the “L-indsion” approach (a combination of a left anterior thoracotomy and upper half median sternotomy). Of note, a histological specimen from the aneurysmal ascending aortic wall revealed “healed aortic dissection” with fibrous tissue replacing the media and intima in addition to multiple foci of cystic medial necrosis.     

脂肪乳剂在重症急性胰腺炎营养治疗中的安全性及有效性分析

目的 :探讨脂肪乳剂应用于重症急性胰腺炎的安全性和有效性。　方法 :回顾分析重症急性胰腺炎病人肠外营养治疗期间 ,应用脂肪乳剂的影响。 74例重症急性胰腺炎病人行肠外营养治疗 ,按静脉营养液是否含脂肪乳剂分为脂乳组和非脂乳组。　结果 :脂乳组肠外营养治疗后清蛋白、前白蛋白改善显著 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,非脂乳组则无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,脂乳组较非脂乳组改善明显 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;血清肌酐、尿素氮等在脂乳组治疗后下降明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,较非脂乳组改善显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;营养治疗结束后 ,脂乳组高血糖症状明显得到控制 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,而非脂乳组效果不佳 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,脂乳组优于非脂乳组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;血淀粉酶均有下降 ,脂乳组未见异常增高。　结论 :重症急性胰腺炎病人输注脂肪乳剂安全有效 ,有助于恢复正氮平衡     

Validation of a self-administered diet history questionnaire using multiple diet records

The validity of a self-administered diet history questionnaire has been estimated using as the reference data the mean of three 4-day diet records collected over the year prior to the administration of the questionnaire, in 1985–1986. Subjects were women ages 45–70 years, participants in the Women's Health Trial Feasibility Study, a multi-center clinical trial in which some women were randomized to be taught to adopt and maintain a low-fat diet, while others maintained their usual diet. The questionnaire produced group mean nutrient estimates closely approximating the values obtained by three 4-day records, e.g. in the usual-diet group, 37.7% of calories from fat by both food records and by questionnaire, and in the low-fat, group, 21.3% of calories from fat by food records and 23.7% of calories from fat by questionnaire. Correlations between questionnaire and diet records for per cent of calories from fat were 0.67 and 0.65 respectively in the two groups; most correlations were in the 0.5–0.6 range, and were similar to those achievable by a single 4-day food record.     

Gadoteridol dose dependence in MR imaging of a liver abscess model

A necrotic liver abscess model was studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5 T before and after intravenous administration of gadoteridol at doses of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mmol/kg in 24 rabbits. Enhancement characteristics and lesion delineation were assessed with both breath-hold and non-breath-hold imaging techniques. Lesion delineation, as assessed both by signal intensity measurements and evaluations by two image readers blinded to imaging technique, was greatest on high-dose (0.5 mmol/kg) breath-hold images. Lesion rim enhancement was seen consistently only on postcontrast images obtained at a dose of 0.5 mmol/kg and progressed with time after injection of contrast material.     

Prophylactic use of chlorpromazine to improve survival of random skin flaps in pigs

On the basis of earlier success in rat studies, chlorpromazine was evaluated as a probable agent for improving survival of random skin flaps in pigs. The aim was to exclude the possibility that the effect of the chlorpromazine is species specific and to find out if it is dose dependent. One hundred and five dorsally-based 12×4 cm flaps were raised unilaterally on the backs of 15 pigs. The animals were divided into three groups using 15 mg/kg chlorpromazine, 7.5 mg/kg chlorpromazine, and a saline-treated control group. Flaps in the control group averaged 40.57±3.17% necrosis, while flaps in the 15 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg chlorpromazine-treated groups averaged 31.53±4.77% and 11.47±2.22% necrosis respectively. These results demonstrate dose dependent beneficial affects of chlorpromazine and the survival of random skin flaps in the pig. Although ideal dose levels are still to be determined, flap survival improved with the prophylactic use of chlorpromazine at the lower 7.5 mg/kg dosage.     

益母草防治初发期急性肾小管坏死的实验研究

ＳＤ成年雄性大鼠，禁止１６小时，肌注甘油引起急性肾小管坏死（ＡＴＮ），于其初发期给予不同药液，观察到益母草组３、２４及４８小时Ｂｃｒ升高值，２４及４８小时ＢＵＮ升高值均明显低于自来水组和单纯禁水组，而与校正对照异搏停组近似，肾组织损伤程度亦明显减轻。结果表明，益母草对初发期急性肾小管坏死（ＩＡＴＮ）有一定的防治作用。     

运用模糊数学建立全脂乳粉卫生质量评价模型

本文运用模糊数学原理，对东台市１９９３年７月份市面上的全脂乳粉抽查监测结果进行卫生质量综合评价，结果令人满意，从而为乳粉卫生质量评比建立了客观有效的评价模型。     

磁共振成像对胸膜外脂肪显示的研究

目的：研究MRI对正常及异常胸膜外脂肪显示的价值。材料和方法：对21例健康志愿者进行了MRI化学位移同相位成像、反相位成像、T1WI、T2WI及STIR序列扫描，并对胸膜外脂肪的绝对信号强度及信号强度比进行比较分析，同时还对20例累及胸膜外脂肪的病人进行检查。结果：在MRI各序列中，化学位移反相位成像显示胸膜外脂肪最佳，各序列绝对信号强度没有差别，而信号强度比存在差异。异常的胸膜外脂肪可以表现为移位、受压、中断、增厚及信号改变。结论：MRI可以作为观察正常及异常胸膜外脂肪的有效检查方法。