vWF和Ⅳ型胶原纤维及层粘连蛋白在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨血管新生指标vWF和Ⅳ胶原纤维(CollⅣ)及层粘连蛋白(Lam)在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及意义。方法 采用免疫组化方法，对53例肝细胞肝癌的标本进行肝血窦vWF，collⅣ及Lam的染色、计数，并用检测数据与患者的临床资料进行相关性统计分析。结果 vWF染色的血管面积与肿瘤的TNM分期及肝内门静脉浸润呈正相关；CollⅣ染色的血管面积与肝内门静脉浸润呈正相关、与术后生存期呈负相关；Lam染色的血管面积与肝硬化及术中出血量呈负相关、与术后生存期呈正相关。结论 虽然vWF，CollⅣ及Lam同为血管新生指标，但在肝细胞肝癌中，vWF及collⅣ的表达量可作为血管新生指标，并与血管浸润有关、为预后的负性指标；而Lam的表达量则与血管新生无关，其结果反映的是肝硬化程度及术中出血量，并与预后呈正性相关。     

慢性浅表性胃炎脾胃湿热证胃粘膜病理、幽门螺杆菌感染及胃粘膜分泌特点

[目的]探讨慢性浅表性胃炎脾胃湿热证与胃粘膜的病理改变、胃粘膜分泌白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)、及幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染的关系。[方法]选择55例慢性浅表性胃炎患者为观察对象,其中脾胃湿热证35例,脾虚证20例,并设无临床症状者15例为正常对照组,检测胃粘膜病理组织学改变,观察胃粘膜组织中IL-8、TNF-α和sIgA水平以及HP感染情况。[结果]脾胃湿热证患者的HP感染率、胃粘膜炎症程度要高于脾虚证组和正常组(P<0.05或P<0.01);脾胃湿热证胃粘膜组织中的IL-8、TNF-α要高于脾虚证组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而sIgA却低于脾虚证组(P<0.01);在脾胃湿热证中,HP阳性者的胃粘膜炎症程度明显重于阴性者(P<0.01),且HP阳性者胃粘膜组织中的IL-8、TNF-α要高于阴性者(P<0.05),而sIgA在两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。[结论]脾胃湿热证的胃粘膜呈现一种活动性炎症改变,这可能与局部炎症因子(IL-8、TNF-α)分泌增加、防御因子(sIgA)分泌减少有关;而HP感染可能是引起和加重脾胃湿热证内在病理变化的因素之一。     

Activation of mTORC1 in B Lymphocytes Promotes Osteoclast Formation via Regulation of β‐Catenin and RANKL/OPG

The cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast formation from monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. However, the mechanisms by which RANKL expression is controlled in cells that support osteoclast differentiation are still unclear. We show that deletion of TSC1 (tuberous sclerosis complex 1) in murine B cells causes constitutive activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and stimulates RANKL but represses osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression and subsequently promotes osteoclast formation and causes osteoporosis in mice. Furthermore, the regulation of RANKL/OPG and stimulation of osteoclastogenesis by mTORC1 was confirmed in a variety of RANKL‐expressing cells and in vivo. Mechanistically, mTORC1 controls RANKL/OPG expression through negative feedback inactivation of Akt, destabilization of β‐catenin mRNA, and downregulation of β‐catenin. Our findings demonstrate that mTORC1 activation‐stimulated RANKL expression in B cells is sufficient to induce bone loss and osteoporosis. The study also established a link between mTORC1 and the RANKL/OPG axis via negative regulation of β‐catenin. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.     

Older men with low serum IGF‐1 have an increased risk of incident fractures: The MrOS Sweden study

Osteoporosis‐related fractures constitute a major health concern not only in women but also in men. Insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) is a key determinant of bone mass, but the association between serum IGF‐1 and incident fractures in men remains unclear. To determine the predictive value of serum IGF‐1 for fracture risk in men, older men (n = 2902, mean age of 75 years) participating in the prospective, population‐based Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden study were followed for a mean of 3.3 years. Serum IGF‐1 was measured at baseline by radioimmunoassay. Fractures occurring after the baseline visit were validated. In age‐adjusted hazards regression analyses, serum IGF‐1 associated inversely with risk of all fractures [hazard ratio (HR) per SD decrease = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.41], hip fractures (HR per SD decrease = 1.45, 95% CI 1.07–1.97), and clinical vertebral fractures (HR per SD decrease = 1.40, 95% CI 1.10–1‐78). The predictive role of serum IGF‐1 for fracture risk was unaffected by adjustment for height, weight, prevalent fractures, falls, and major prevalent diseases. Further adjustment for bone mineral density (BMD) resulted in an attenuated but still significant association between serum IGF‐1 and fracture risk. Serum IGF‐1 below but not above the median was inversely related to fracture incidence. The population‐attributable risk proportion was 7.5% for all fractures and 22.9% for hip fractures. Taken together, older men with low serum IGF‐1 have an increased fracture risk, especially for the two most important fracture types, hip and vertebral fractures. The association between serum IGF‐1 and fracture risk is partly mediated via BMD. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.     

Clomiphene citrate does not adversely affect endometrial leukemia inhibitory factor levels

The aim of this study was to compare endometrial leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) levels in spontaneous and clomiphene citrate (CC)-induced cycles of patients with unexplained infertility. The patients were followed in two consecutive cycles. Endometrial samples were obtained 7 days after ultrasonographic evidence that ovulation has occurred during the spontaneous cycle, then the patients were induced with CC from day 5 to day 9 during the subsequent cycle with 50 mg/day, and ovulation monitoring and endometrial biopsy were performed in the same manner. The samples were obtained using a Pipelle biopsy device without using local anesthesia, and kept in formaldehyde solution until the day of measurement. Then they were homogenized in phosphate buffered distilled water, and LIF levels were detected in the homogenized fluid by ELISA method. Endometrial LIF levels were 470 ± 52 and 501 ± 45 pg/1 gram wet tissue in spontaneous and CC-induced cycles respectively, revealing no significant difference. Ovulation induction with CC did not adversely affect endometrial LIF levels.     

血清C—反应蛋白,白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子α在肠梗阻,肠 …

目的 探讨肠梗阻和肠穿孔患者血清中Ｃ－反应蛋白（ＣＲＰ）,白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）和肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）含量的动态变化并评价其临床意义。方法 检测３８例肠梗阻患者（肠梗阻组）和３６例穿孔患者（肠穿孔组）入院当日、入院后第１,３,５,７ｄ的血清ＣＲＰ,ＩＬ－６和ＩＮＦ－α含量。结果 肠梗阻及肠穿孔患者血清ＩＬ－６,ＴＮＦ－α在症状发生２４ｈ后升高而肠穿孔ＣＲＰ在太发生２４小时内即明显升高。结     

冠心病中医证候与炎症因子关系的临床研究

【目的】探讨冠心病中医证候与炎症指标的相关关系,为临床辨证论治提供客观依据。【方法】将524例冠心病患者按照中国中西医结合学会心血管分会1990年10月修订的冠心病中医辨证标准进行辨证分型,并分别检测患者的血中白细胞计数(nWBC)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)含量(ρCRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)含量(ρTNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量(ρIL-6)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量(ρFIB)及血脂等指标,按中医基本证候出现的频数,对各证候的相应资料作分类统计。【结果】①痰热血瘀和气虚血瘀为冠心病的常见中医证候,血瘀、痰热、气虚、气滞、痰浊证是冠心病的常见基本证候,血瘀证、痰热证是最常见的基本证候。②冠心病血瘀证和痰热证不论是急性冠脉综合征(ACS)组还是非ACS组nWBC、ρCRP,ρIL-6、ρTNF-α等炎症指标均升高,ACS组升高更为显著,表明冠心病存在炎症反应,中医证候与炎症因子密切相关。③冠心病死亡者较非死亡者血中CRP、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症指标含量均升高。【结论】血CRP、IL-6、TNF-α等炎症指标含量可作为冠心病辨证的参考指标。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体就激反应的影响

目的 研究腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体应激反应的影响。方法 将70例胆囊炎、胆囊结石患者随机分成腹腔镜胆囊切除组（LC）和开腹胆囊切除组（OC）。术前和术后第1,3,5,7d采集外周静脉血,测定白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）,肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）,白细胞介素6（IL－6）和C－反应蛋白（CRP）。结果 两组手术前后IL－1β和TNF-α均无明显差异（P＞0．05）,两组间手术前后比较也无明显差异（P＞0．05）;两组手术后IL－6第1d升至最高,与术前及术后第3,5,7d比较有高度显著差异（P＜0．01）而术前与术后第3,5,7d比较无显著差异（P＞0．05）,两组之间比较亦无显著差异（P＞0．05）;两组手术后CRP第1,3,5d均较术前有明显升高（P＜0．05）,以术后第1和第3d升高最明显,而两组之间比较无显著差异（P＞0．05）。结论 LC对机体应激反应与OC相比没有明显差异。     

断流分流联合手术前后血浆IL-6,IL-8和TNF-α水平的变化及其意义

目的　探讨门静脉高压症行贲门周围血管离断并脾 -肾静脉分流联合手术前后血浆白细胞介素 -6(IL 6) ,白细胞介素 -8(IL 8)和肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF α)水平变化的意义。方法　检测联合手术组患者术前 1d和术后 7d血浆IL 6,IL 8和TNF α含量 ,并与对照组比较。结果　联合手术组术前IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平分别为 ( 2 3 0 .4± 10 .3 )ng/L ,( 2 0 1.5± 7.8)ng/L及 ( 2 61.5± 2 8.3 )ng/L ,明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;联合手术后 7d ,IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平分别为 ( 13 5 .8± 11.4)ng/L ,( 10 8.2± 8.7)ng/L及 ( 2 11.8± 3 6.5 )ng/L ,与术前比均有明显降低 ,但仍高于对照组 ( P <0 .0 1)。结论　IL 6,IL 8和TNF α的活性在肝硬化门静脉高压症的形成过程中起着重要作用 ;联合手术降低门静脉压力 ,血浆IL 6,IL 8和TNF α水平显著下降 ,表明有利于肝功能的恢复