病例讨论对实验诊断学教学中临床思维能力培养的作用

目的提高“实验诊断”的教学质量和培养学生的临床思维能力。方法理论教学结合病例分析及讨论。结果病例分析及讨论使抽象的理论内容变得生动形象,使学生的临床思维能力得到培养。结论与病例结合的教学对临床思维能力的培养有显著作用。     

耐长春新碱视网膜母细胞瘤细胞株的建立

目的：研究视网膜母细胞瘤获得性多药耐药现象，探讨其产生机制。方法：利用长春新碱(vincristree，VCR)对人视网膜母细胞瘤细胞系HXO-RB₄₄细胞在体外进行浓度递增法逐步诱导实验，建立一株耐长春新碱视网膜母细胞瘤细胞亚株HXO—RB/VCR。并对其细胞生长，药物含量，药物敏感性与放射性敏感性进行检测。 结果：该耐药细胞株HXO—RB/VCR细胞对长春酰胺、丝裂霉素C、阿霉素、足叶乙甙、顺铂、卡铂等有交叉耐受，对卡氮芥、氟尿嘧啶无明显抗药性，而对氨甲喋呤的敏感性反而增加。对⁶⁰ Coγ射线有轻度耐受性。细胞内药物含量测定显示：耐药细胞内长春新碱浓度明显低于敏感细胞，钙通道阻断剂异博定可使细胞内VCR浓度增加，部分逆转其耐药性。 结论：VCR可诱导视网膜母细胞瘤产生多药耐药和轻度放射耐受，获得性多药耐药作用可被异博定逆转。 （中华眼底病杂志，1997，13：6-9）     

Development of an animal model to study meshes used in genital prolapse surgery

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop an animal model using bacterial inoculation to evaluate tissue integration and tolerance to meshes used in genital prolapse surgery. STUDY DESIGN: We placed three different meshes under the abdominal skin of 120 Wistar rats: a polypropylene monofilament non-coated mesh (Parietene), a polypropylene monofilament collagen-coated mesh (Ugytex) and a polyethylene terephthalate mesh (Mersuture). We performed bacterial inoculation just after implantation with 1 ml of 10(7) colonies forming unit (CFU) of Staphylococcus epidermidis or Escherichia coli. Rats were sacrificed 7, 14, 60, and 90 days after intervention. We used polarised light microscopy to analyse the collagen deposition and organisation. We quantified the inflammation cells. Bacterial analysis and quantification of the explanted meshes were performed. The exact Fisher's test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistics. RESULTS: We did not find any significant difference between inoculated or non-inoculated meshes in terms of collagen deposition. The scarring process seemed stable at day 90. Tissue integration was best with the polypropylene meshes, which allowed the development of a well-organised, mature connective tissue. Inflammatory reaction was higher in inoculated meshes, but only at day 7. At day 90, we found a high number of macrophages and multinuclear cells around all the meshes. There was no significant difference between prostheses that had been inoculated and those that had not with regard to positive bacterial culture. Quantification of bacterial colonies decreased with time. CONCLUSION: In this animal model, we did not find any clinically related difference in infection and tissue integration between the meshes used in genital prolapse. Such experimental studies must be carried out whenever new prostheses become available before their use is validated in common practice.     

Evaluation of the effect of extra-amniotic normal saline infusion alone or in combination with dexamethasone for the induction of labor

AIM: To compare the effect of extra-amniotic normal saline solution infusion on its own, and in combination with dexamethasone on the ripening of the cervix and induction of labor. METHODS: A double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed at Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between March 2002 and March 2003 on 84 pregnant women at a gestational age of 40 weeks or more, and with a Bishop score 相似文献   

中药顽银灵对实验小鼠影响的研究

目的探讨中药顽银灵对实验小鼠急性中毒试验、抑瘤试验和阴道上皮细胞增殖的影响。方法将顽银灵给予小鼠灌胃其最大耐受量为266.4g生药/kg,相当于人用药量的80倍,观察其毒性反应;观察顽银灵对小鼠可移植性肿瘤S180(肉瘤)的生长有无抑制作用;观察中药对实验小鼠阴道上皮细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果该中药以最大浓度,最大容积给药,均未见到任何毒性反应,对小鼠肿瘤S180的生长有微弱的抑制作用;对小鼠的阴道上皮细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用。结论中药顽银灵安全无毒,有微弱的抑制肿瘤作用,有明显的抗有丝分裂作用,提示具有抗银屑病作用。     

麻醉诱导期罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺不同注射速度对血流动力学的影响

目的观察腹腔镜胆囊切除手术麻醉诱导期不同注射速度的罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺对血流动力学的影响。方法57例择期进行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的患者随机分为R1、R2、A1、A2四组。监测并记录诱导前,肌松药注射后1、3min及手术结束时的平均动脉压（MBP）、心率（HR）,同时评估插管条件。结果A,组中,肌松药注射后1、3min的MBP比诱导前有明显下降,HR明显增快。其他各组MBP、HR未观察到明显变化。各组手术结束时的MBP、HR与诱导前比较,差异无统计学意义。结论麻醉诱导时快速注射罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺,阿曲库胺明显影响血流动力学。