Low dose γ radiation enhances antidepressant effect of resveratrol: Behavioral and neurochemical studies

The low dose of radiation (LDR) has received growing attention for its beneficial neuroprotective effect. This study was designed to investigate the enhancing effect of LDR on the antidepressant potential of resveratrol against diazepam‐induced depression in mice. Female mice divided into five groups; control, diazepam (2 mg/kg), LDR (0.5Gy) + diazepam, resveratrol (20 mg/kg) + diazepam, LDR + resveratrol+diazepam. Mice received diazepam showed depressive symptoms as evidenced by decreased locomotor activity in the open field and increased immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests integrated with a marked decline in biogenic amines (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) in brain tissues. These effects were ameliorated by LDR or resveratrol administration demonstrating an antidepressant activity. Interestingly, LDR triggered the antidepressant effect of resveratrol as it restored the changes in behavioral tests, neurotransmitters, and neuro‐histoarchitecture. In conclusion, these findings suggested that LDR could be considered as a novel adjuvant that augmented the resveratrol antidepressant effect and might serve as a potential therapeutic approach for depression.     

中药注射剂治疗心律失常的系统评价再评价

目的：对中药注射剂治疗心律失常的Meta分析或系统评价进行再评价。方法：计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、the Cochrane Library、知网、万方、维普、CBMdisc等中英文数据库,检索中药注射剂治疗心律失常的系统评价,时间为建库至2019年6月。2位评价者独立进行文献筛选以及资料提取工作,应用AMSTAR2量表以及GRADE评估工具进行评价。结果：最终纳入7篇Meta分析或系统评价,包含25个结局指标,涉及4种中药注射剂。AMSTAR2量表评价结果中"是否提供前期设计方案"、"是否提供排除文献清单"、"纳入标准中是否考虑发表文献,如灰色文献"、"是否说明相关利益冲突"4项为导致方法学质量降低的主要因素。GRADE评估工具的评价结局中,纳入系统评价的局限性以及发表偏倚为引起结局指标证据质量降低的原因。对纳入文献再进行Meta分析显示,中药注射剂治疗心律失常,可提高治疗总有效率[Z=10.99,RR=1.45,95% CI （1.36,1.55）,P<0.01]、血管再通率[Z=2.29,OR=1.34,95% CI （1.04,1.72）,P=0.02],改善心率[Z=21.52,MD=4.80,95% CI （10.12,12.15）,P<0.01],降低心律失常发生率[Z=4.38,RR=0.53,95% CI （0.40,0.70）,P<0.01]、病死率[Z=5.94,RR=0.49,95% CI （0.39,0.62）,P<0.01]。结论：中药注射剂在治疗心律失常中发挥重要作用,但现今关于中药注射剂治疗心律失常的Meta分析或系统评价的评价方法尚不规范,证据质量偏低,对此次评价结论可靠性产生了影响。     

补饲高蛋白饲料对西门塔尔产后母牛繁殖性能的影响

为了确定补饲高蛋白饲料对产后母牛繁殖性能的效果,选择30头西门塔尔产后母牛在产后90 d内持续补饲高蛋白饲料。利用直肠检查及B超监测技术在母牛产后15 d、30 d、45 d、60 d、90 d时对子宫恢复情况及卵巢状态变化进行检查,并及时记录胎衣、恶露以及发情配种情况。结果表明,产后母牛补饲高蛋白饲料300 g/d,繁殖性能发生了明显的改善。     

Chiropractic management of postpartum pubic symphysis diastasis: A case report

This case report describes the chiropractic management of a 30-year-old female patient with severe postpartum pelvic pain secondary to pubic symphysis diastasis. No literature was found on the chiropractic management of postpartum symphysis pubis diastasis. The existing literature concerning chiropractic care for symphysis pubis dysfunction during pregnancy is limited and indicates a potential benefit. Separation of the pubic symphysis may include ligamentous injury to the sacroiliac joints and may lead to chronic pain. Pubic symphysis separation of 17 millimeters was present on digital radiograph. Management consisted of chiropractic adjustments, trigger point release, electrical stimulation, moist heat, sacroiliac belt, and specific stabilizing exercises. The patient’s pain improved immediately following treatment on the initial visit. Pain was reduced from 8/10 VAS at the first visit to 2/10 at the fourth visit. She was able to resume normal activities and reached a final pain level of 1/10. The diastasis was reduced by 7 millimeters at 14-weeks post radiograph for a final separation of just under 10 millimeters. Collaboration between obstetricians, midwives and chiropractors may be warranted.     

Postpartum depression: A systematic review of the genetics involved

Postpartum depression is one of the most prevalent psychopathologies. Its prevalence is estimated to be between 10% and 15%. Despite its multifactorial etiology, it is known that genetics play an important role in the genesis of this disorder. This paper reviews epidemiological evidence supporting the role of genetics in postpartum depression (PPD). The main objectives of this review are to determine which genes and polymorphisms are associated with PPD and discuss how this association may occur. In addition, this paper explores whether these genes are somehow related to or even the same as those linked to Major Depression (MD). To identify gaps in the current knowledge that require investigation, a systematic review was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, LILACS and SciELO using the index terms “postpartum depression” and “genetics”. Literature searches for articles in peer-reviewed journals were made until April 2014. PPD was indexed 56 times with genetics. The inclusion criteria were articles in Portuguese, Spanish or English that were available by institutional means or sent by authors upon request; this search resulted in 20 papers. Genes and polymorphisms traditionally related to MD, which are those involved in the serotonin, catecholamine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tryptophan metabolism, have been the most studied, and some have been related to PPD. The results are conflicting and some depend on epigenetics, which makes the data incipient. Further studies are required to determine the genes that are involved in PPD and establish the nature of the relationship between these genes and PPD.     

艾司西酞普兰与盐酸舍曲林治疗老年性卒中后抑郁的对照研究

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰与盐酸舍曲林治疗老年性卒中后抑郁的有效性及安全性。方法将80例老年性卒中后抑郁患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组(10 mg/d)和盐酸舍曲林组(50 mg/d),每组各40例,疗程6周,两组的基础治疗相同并辅以心理治疗。在治疗第l、2、4、6周,盲法评定两组的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)、贝斯指数(Barthel index,BI)并进行比较。结果艾司西酞普兰组与盐酸舍曲林组HAMD、NIHSS评分在第2、4、6周较本组治疗前均有显著降低(P均0.001),但组间无显著差异,治疗第4、6周艾司西酞普兰组BI指数高于盐酸舍曲林组(P=0.016,P=0.025)。结论艾司西酞普兰与盐酸舍曲林结合心理治疗均能改善老年性卒中后抑郁症状和神经功能;在短期日常生活能力改善方面,艾司西酞普兰优于盐酸舍曲林。     

Effects of testosterone and estradiol on anxiety and depressive-like behavior via a non-genomic pathway

Besides their known slow genomic effects, testosterone and estradiol have rapid effects in the brain. However, their impact on mood-related behavior is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the non-genomic pathway of testosterone and estradiol in the amygdala in relation to anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Sham-operated and gonadectomized male rats(GDX) supplemented with testosterone propionate, estradiol, or olive oil were used. Five minutes after administration, anxiety and depression-like behavior were tested. Estradiol increased anxiolytic behavior in the open-field test compared to the GDX group, but administration of testosterone had no significant effect. Besides, c-Fos expression in the medial nucleus of the amygdala significantly increased after testosterone treatment compared to the GDX group, while no significant difference was observed in the central and the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala in the testosterone-treated group compared to the GDX group. In conclusion, estradiol had an anxiolytic effect via a rapid pathway, but no rapid effect of testosterone on anxiety was found. Further studies elucidating whether the rapid effect is mediated by a non-genomic pathway are needed.     

Mapping the relationship between subgenual cingulate cortex functional connectivity and depressive symptoms across adolescence

Changes in the functional connectivity of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (SGC) have been linked with depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to map this relationship across mid to late adolescence. Employing a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design, associations between patterns of resting-state SGC functional connectivity and symptoms of depression were examined at two time points in an initial sample of 72 adolescents. Using a region-of-interest approach, these associations were evaluated cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Cross-sectionally, weaker SGC functional connectivity with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), angular gyrus and dorsal prefrontal cortex at baseline, and weaker SGC connectivity with the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex at follow-up, were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Longitudinally, a decrease in SGC functional connectivity with DMPFC, PCC, angular gyrus and middle temporal gyrus was associated with higher depressive symptoms at follow-up. The observation of weaker SGC connectivity predicting increased symptoms contrasts with the majority of resting-state fMRI studies in clinically depressed populations. Taken together with these past studies, our findings suggest depression-related changes in SGC functional connectivity may differ across developmental and illness stages.