NSE与视频脑电图在儿童热性惊厥的相关研究

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum neuron specific enolase and Video EEG in Febrile Convulsion of childen. Method:Serum NSE was detected by RIA on the first day and the seventh day after seizure in 40 children with simple febrile convulsion and 18 with complex febrile convulsion. Video EEG was performed at 1st, 7th and 30th day in all the patients. Results: There were significant differences between NSE levels at 24th hour and on 7th day after convulsion (P＜0.01). NSE concentrations in patients with SFC and CFC were also different (P ＜ 0.01). The more slowly NSE restored, the higher the abnormal ratio of EGG was . Conclusion: NSE increased in patients within 24hours after seizure, especially in CFC patients. The abnormal ratio of VideoEEG was related to the change of NSE concentration.     

An application of autoregressive model to pattern discrimination of brain electrical activity mapping

Summary Using the autoregressive model, we developed a method of illustrating significant regional differences between two records of brain electrical activity mapping. This new approach of brain electrical activity mapping analysis through a statistical taxonomy may be clinically useful for evaluation of the normal development of EEG in children and for localizing functional brain abnormality.This study was supported by a Scientific Research Grant (No.02670450) from the Japanese Ministry of Education.     

儿童继发性癫痫86例临床分析

对８６例发性癫痫的分型，脑电图（ＥＥＧ）、头颅ＣＴ、病因进行了回顾性分析。结果：（１）正常ＥＥＧ既不能排除癫痫，也不能除外引起癫痫的脑部病变；（２）弥漫性慢活动波不仅是强直阵挛性发作间竭期ＥＥＧ的一般性变化，而且可能是脑部病变的一个征象；（３）癫痫波只能表明神经元异常放电的形式和分布，不能说明病变的部位和范围，更不能提示病变的性质；（４）本组继发性癫痫最常见的病因是头颅外伤，以后依次为脑萎缩，颅内     

Caffeine effects on resting-state arousal.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the use of caffeine to manipulate arousal level without the confounds associated with task-related activation. From previous work in our laboratory, an increase in skin conductance level (SCL) and EEG alpha frequency, together with a global decrease in alpha power, were used as markers of arousal increase, and we sought to identify these effects with caffeine ingestion. METHODS: We examined the effect of a single oral dose of caffeine (250 mg) in a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled repeated-measures cross-over study. Eighteen healthy university students (mean age 21 years; 13/18 females) participated in two sessions 1 week apart. EEG and autonomic data (SCL, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and respiration rate) from a 2 min eyes-closed epoch, commencing approximately 30 min after ingestion of caffeine or placebo, were examined. RESULTS: Caffeine was associated with increased SCL, a global reduction in EEG power in the alpha band, and a global increase in alpha frequency. There were no cardiovascular effects. CONCLUSIONS: The positive results are consistent with recent electrodermal and EEG studies of arousal and suggest that caffeine may be utilised as a task-free means of manipulating arousal in future investigations. Further work is necessary to clarify the absence of cardiovascular effects, and to integrate those data with emerging conceptualisations of arousal and activation. SIGNIFICANCE: The present data support the use of caffeine as a simple tool to explore the role of arousal in both normal and atypical functioning, and this may be useful in determining the validity and importance of supposed hyper- or hypo-arousal in such syndromes as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD).     

Analysis of Seizure Onset on the Basis of Wideband EEG Recordings

Summary:  Seventy-five seizure onsets recorded with depth electrodes in the frequency band from 0.1 to 70 Hz were analyzed in 19 patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. It was shown that 89% of low-voltage fast-type seizures contained an initial slow wave, whereas hypersynchronous-type seizures did not show an initial slow wave. Voltage depth profile analysis illustrated that the peak amplitude of the initial slow-wave onset was in white matter, whereas the peak amplitude of hypersynchronous onset was in deep temporal areas (hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, or amygdala). The difference in voltage depth profiles suggests that these two types of seizure onsets have different mechanisms of generation. The absence of phase reversal of the initial slow wave in white matter or at the border of deep temporal areas indicates a possible nonneuronal mechanism of generation.     

模拟失重状态人脑波频率涨落分析

目的探讨短期模拟失重对人脑 7～ 1 2Hz频段脑波频率涨落特征的影响 ,为航天员脑功能选拔及训练监测提供功能性评价方法。方法 - 6°头低位卧床 (HDBR)模拟失重状态 ,记录 1 2名 1 8～ 2 2岁男性正常成人卧床前、卧床期间 (第 3、4、6天 )及恢复期 (卧床结束后第 3天 )清醒闭眼安静状态的EEG ,利用脑波频率涨落分析技术分析 7、8、9、1 0、1 1、1 2Hz 6个频率成分的优势涨落特征。结果卧床前 ,枕顶区优势涨落顺序为 1 0、9、1 1Hz;额颞区 1 0、9Hz竞争主优势成分 ,7Hz位居第 3。卧床后 ,各频率成分之间的主次地位和相互关系发生显著的可逆性变化 ,且所涉及的频率成分及脑区逐渐扩展 ,7、8Hz优势显著上升 ,1 0、1 1Hz优势显著下降 ,枕顶及后颞区 9、1 0Hz竞争主优势成分 ,7Hz位居第 3 ;额区及前颞区主次优势频率为 9、7Hz(F4为 7、9Hz) ,1 0Hz位居第 3。结论模拟失重导致脑波 7～ 1 2Hz频段频率涨落竞争结构显著改变 ,脑调节机能变差 ,易导致发作性头痛等临床症状 ,对脑功能造成潜在影响     

Two Kinds of Spatiotemporal EEG Changes after Discontinuation of Benzodiazepine, Medazepam

Abstract: EEGs were recorded for Fpl, C3 and O1 once a week for 4 weeks after the withdrawal of medazepam, a benzodiazepine with a long half-life, from 7 normal males. Quantified analyses of them showed 2 types of change: A maximum change during the administration of medazepam that later tapered off. It consisted mainly of an increase in fast wave, and was uniform across areas though most significant in C3. A rebound phenomenon that reversed the change produced by the drug, the decrease in fast wave being significant in C3 during week 2. These results suggest that fast wave is the most sensitive EEG element and these 2 types of change must be investigated hereafter in terms of significant changes after the discontinuation of medazepam.     

Two Types of EEG Spikes in the Kindled Rabbit Hippocampus

Abstract: The characteristics of interictal EEG spikes were studied in the rabbit hippocampus. After kindling for 2–4 weeks, rabbits were anesthetized and curarized for acute experiments. There were two types of EEG spikes in the kindled hippocampus; one (B) had its source in the stimulated side, and the other (A) in the contralateral side. In addition, compound EEG spikes (C) were observed that consisted basically of B and A spikes. Intracellular counterparts of A and B spikes were generally a depolarization-hyperpolari-zation sequence in the CA1 pyramidal cells. On the other hand, counterparts of the C spikes were initial depolarization with a superposed spike burst followed by relatively shorter lasting hyperpolarization which seemed to indicate an enhancement of excitation during the kindling process.