双侧钢板内固定联合植骨治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨双侧钢板内固定联合植骨治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法 82例复杂胫骨平台患者采用双侧钢板内固定联合植骨治疗,随访6～12个月。结果随访中骨折全部愈合,3例钉道感染,无骨不连的发生;优45例,良30例,中6例,差0例,优良率92.7%。结论双侧钢板内固定联合植骨是治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的有效方法。     

双钢板治疗肱骨远端粉碎性骨折62例临床分析

目的探讨双钢板治疗肱骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床效果。方法对本院2010年5月～2012年5月收治的62例肱骨远端粉碎性骨折患者采用双钢板内固定的方法进行手术治疗,术后进行早期功能锻炼。结果本组62例患者术后均随访12～24个月,骨折复位良好,固定稳定,未出现感染、异位骨化、骨化性肌炎等并发症,均于12个月左右获骨性愈合。术后肘关节功能根据Morrey评定标准,优45例,良好10例,中等7例,差0例,优良率为88.7%。结论肱骨远端粉碎性骨折后采取双钢板内固定手术在生物力学方面有着明显的优势,在临床中疗效确切,并发症低,是一种有效、实用、值得推广的手术治疗方法 。     

不同方法治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效分析

目的分析用不同方法治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的疗效。方法分析75例桡骨远端不稳定骨折的治疗,均先采用手法复位前臂石膏夹固定治疗,其中27例维持石膏固定4～8周,后拆除石膏进行功能锻炼;23例采用＂T＂型钢板固定,25例用外固定架固定治疗,分别进行骨折的功能评分,比较不同方法的优良率。结果 75例均获随访,随访时间6～18个月,功能评分外固定支架组优良率为88.0%,＂T＂型钢板组为91.3%,石膏托组为44.4%,其中外固定支架组和＂T＂形钢板内固定组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但两组均明显优于石膏托外固定组（P〈0.05）。结论对于桡骨远端不稳定骨折,外固定支架固定简单、安全、微创,临床效果好。     

GSH钉固定联合香丹注射液骨折端注射治疗股骨远端AC型骨折

目的探讨GSH钉固定联合香丹注射液骨折端注射治疗股骨远端AC型骨折的应用价值。方法将72例随机分为两组,治疗组采用GSH钉固定＋骨折端处注入香丹注射液治疗,对照组采用GSH钉固定治疗。两组按Mer-chan标准进行膝关节功能评分并运用DEXA（双能X线骨密度仪）对各阶段新生骨痂的BMD含量进行检测。结果两组病例均获随访,膝关节优良率均为94.4%。治疗组在术后第2、6、10、14、18周测定新生骨痂的BMD含量值优于对照组。结论 GSH钉固定联合香丹注射液骨折端注射治疗股骨远端AC型骨折,能允许肢体早期活动,有利于膝关节功能恢复,又能有效促进骨痂生长及骨折愈合,是一种疗效满意、值得推广应用的治疗方法。     

逆行胫后动脉皮瓣修复足部严重皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨胫后动脉逆行皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织严重缺损的临床应用效果。方法应用胫后动脉逆行皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织严重缺损,移植皮瓣大小5cm×9cm～8cm×20cm。结果本组中的24例患者术后皮瓣全部成活,创面一期愈合,1例患者皮瓣远端小部分坏死,换药治疗后愈合。术后随访6～24个月,均取得满意效果。结论胫后动脉逆行皮瓣血供充分,皮瓣切取面积大,是修复足踝部皮肤软组织严重缺损的理想皮瓣。     

应用髁支持钢板治疗股骨远端C型骨折疗效观察

目的探讨应用股骨髁支持钢板治疗股骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法股骨远端C型骨折31例,均采用切开复位股骨髁支持钢板内固定治疗。术后29例获得随访,随访时间6～20个月,平均(9.7±2.8)个月,观察骨折愈合情况及膝关节功能情况。结果骨折愈合28例,不愈合且内固定断裂1例,经再次手术后随访6个月骨折愈合。骨折愈合时间3～17个月,平均(6.3±2.1)个月。膝关节功能按Karlstrom等标准评价:优18例,良7例,可3例,差1例,优良率为86.2%。结论股骨髁支持钢板治疗股骨远端C型骨折,操作简便,固定牢固,为早期功能锻炼提供了可靠保障,能获得满意疗效。股骨髁支持钢板内固定是目前治疗股骨远端C型骨折的较好选择。     

Brachialis insertion measurement: an anatomic cadaver study for plate fixation of the coronoid process fracture

Detailed assessment of the proximity of the brachialis insertion to the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament and its potential influence on plate application for the treatment of the coronoid process fracture has not been reported previously. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomic interval used for coronoid plate and the measurement of the brachialis insertion to confirm partial release of the insertion site may be required during plate fixation of the coronoid process fracture. After eight fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows were dissected, the interval between the brachialis insertion and the attachment of the anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament was identified, and the gross morphological characteristics of the brachialis insertion were also recorded. The average width of the interval was 4.14 mm, and the brachialis was found to be consisted of a superficial head and a deep head, and insertion of the deep head was composed of three units: a medial aponeurosis, a lateral aponeurosis, and muscle fibers inserted directly into the ulna. The interval between the brachialis insertion and the attachment of the anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament can be used for placement of the coronoid plate regardless of the plate type. Partial release of the brachialis insertion is necessary during the operation, while the width of the plate is larger than that of the interval. This study may provide some useful information on plate application for the treatment of the coronoid process fracture.     

Functional assessment in patients with osteoporotic wrist fractures treated with external fixation: a review of randomized trials

Introduction  Osteoporosis is a chronic and progressive condition that leads to decreased bone mass and skeletal fragility which may result in fractures, disability, pain, deformity and even death. Fractures of the wrist are the most common symptomatic fracture related to osteoporosis in which up to 80% of the persons with this fracture type have low bone mass. External fixation is minimally-invasive and is used in particular for the treatment of displaced, unstable fractures. Objective  The present systematic review will present functional outcome assessment in randomized controlled trials in the aged with distal radius fractures and treated with external fixation. Materials and methods  Multiple databases including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and OVID Healthstar were searched. MESH headings such as: “Radius fractures” or “wrist injuries” were used in combination with “randomized controlled trials”. Studies were included if the surgical treatment was external fixation, mean patient age was 50 years and over, and were in the English language. Results  The primary focus of wrist outcome assessments in patients treated with external fixation were based on traditional measures such as wrist range of movement and grip strength reflecting the need to shift the focus in future protocols towards measuring a patient’s functional ability, measuring the difficulty of task performance and compensatory mechanisms. Furthermore, it is essential to take into account more evidence of instrument development before clinicians can reliably choose the best measure to assess the aged treated with external fixation.     

Influence of intramedullary nail diameter and locking mode on the stability of tibial shaft fracture fixation

Background  Fracture healing is affected by the type and the magnitude of movements at the fracture site. Mechanical conditions will be a function of the type of fracture management, the distance between the fracture fragments, and the loading of the fracture site. The hypothesis to be tested was that the use of a larger-diameter intramedullary nail, together with compressed interlocking, would enhance the primary stiffness and reduce fracture site movements, especially those engendered by shearing forces. Materials and methods  Six pairs of human tibiae were used to study the influence on fracture site stability of two different diameters (9 and 11 mm) of intramedullary nails, in tension/compression, torsional, four-point bending, and shear tests. The nails were used with two interlocking modes (static interlocking vs. dynamic compression). Results  With static interlocking, the 11-mm-diameter nail provided significantly (30–59%) greater reduction of fracture site movement, as compared with the 9-mm-diameter nail. Using an 11-mm-diameter nail, the stiffness of the bone-implant construct was enhanced by between 20 and 50%. Dynamic compression allowed the interfragmentary movements at the fracture site to be further reduced by up to 79% and the system stiffness to be increased by up to 80%. Conclusion  On biomechanical grounds, the largest possible nail diameter should be used, with minimal reaming, so as to minimize fracture site movement. Compression after meticulous reduction should be considered in axially stable fractures. Disclosures: Funding for this work was received from AIOD (Association Internationale pour l’Ostéosynthèse Dynamique). Geert von Oldenburg is an employee of Stryker Trauma.     

Arthrodesis to L5 versus S1 in long instrumentation and fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis

There is a debate regarding the distal fusion level for degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Whether a healthy L5-S1 motion segment should be included or not in the fusion remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal indication for the fusion to the sacrum, and to compare the results of distal fusion to L5 versus the sacrum in the long instrumented fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis. A total of 45 patients who had undergone long instrumentation and fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis were evaluated with a minimum 2 year follow-up. Twenty-four patients (mean age 63.6) underwent fusion to L5 and 21 patients (mean age 65.6) underwent fusion to the sacrum. Supplemental interbody fusion was performed in 12 patients in the L5 group and eleven patients in the sacrum group. The number of levels fused was 6.08 segments (range 4–8) in the L5 group and 6.09 (range 4–9) in the sacrum group. Intraoperative blood loss (2,754 ml versus 2,938 ml) and operative time (220 min versus 229 min) were similar in both groups. The Cobb angle changed from 24.7° before surgery to 6.8° after surgery in the L5 group, and from 22.8° to 7.7° in the sacrum group without statistical difference. Correction of lumbar lordosis was statistically better in the sacrum group (P = 0.03). Less correction of lumbar lordosis in the L5 group seemed to be associated with subsequent advanced L5-S1 disc degeneration. The change of coronal and sagittal imbalance was not different in both groups. Subsequent advanced L5-S1 disc degeneration occurred in 58% of the patients in the L5 group. Symptomatic adjacent segment disease at L5-S1 developed in five patients. Interestingly, the development of adjacent segment disease was not related to the preoperative grade of disc degeneration, which proved minimal degeneration in the five patients. In the L5 group, there were nine patients of complications at L5-S1 segment, including adjacent segment disease at L5-S1 and loosening of L5 screws. Seven of the nine patients showed preoperative sagittal imbalance and/or lumbar hypolordosis, which might be risk factors of complications at L5-S1. For the patients with sagittal imbalance and lumbar hypolordosis, L5-S1 should be included in the fusion even if L5-S1 disc was minimal degeneration.