软骨肿瘤异柠檬酸脱氢酶基因突变的研究进展

软骨肿瘤是常见的原发性骨肿瘤,根据频发或特异的驱动基因变异可以对软骨肿瘤进行分子分型,从而更精准地指导临床诊疗.异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)是一类代谢酶家族,广泛参与糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和脂类代谢过程.IDH1/IDH2突变后的代谢产物能够导致基因过甲基化和组蛋白修饰改变,进而诱发肿瘤.既往研究显示,良性和恶性软骨肿瘤中均存...     

四氯化碳对非洲绿猴肾细胞损伤机理的研究

目的　实验研究四氯化碳染毒 2 4h对非洲绿猴肾细胞的损伤及其机理。方法　运用显微荧光术测定非洲绿猴肾细胞 (Vero细胞 )内活性氧 (ROS)含量及游离Ca2 + 浓度 ,同时 ,测定Vero细胞培养上清液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力用于检查Vero细胞受损情况。结果　接触浓度为 1 0mmol L四氯化碳的Vero细胞内ROS含量及游离Ca2 + 浓度与对照组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,同时 ,表示Vero细胞受损指标 (LDH活力 )差异也无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;而接触浓度为 4 0、8.0mmol L四氯化碳的Vero细胞内ROS含量及游离Ca2 + 浓度均显著性高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,其Vero细胞受损也均显著性增加 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　较高浓度的四氯化碳能损伤Vero细胞 ,其损伤的可能途径是通过提高Vero细胞内ROS含量及游离Ca2 + 浓度。     

补阳还五汤对急性心肌缺血模型大鼠保护作用的实验研究

目的:研究补阳还五汤(BHD)对实验性急性心肌缺血模型大鼠的防治作用。方法:大鼠60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组,模型对照组,阳性对照组(地奥心血康胶囊0.015g/kg),BHD高剂量组(56g生药/kg)、BHD中剂量组(28g生药/kg)、BHD低剂量组(14g生药/kg)。以结扎冠状动脉前降支造成大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,灌胃给予BHD,观察大鼠心电图变化,生化法检测肌酸激酶(CK)、血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性。结果:BHD中剂量组、高剂量组冠状动脉结扎心肌缺血模型大鼠的心电图ST段抬高值明显减少,与模型对照组比较,差异有显著性或非常显著性意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);与空白对照组比较,模型组大鼠血清中LDH、CK活性显著升高(P<0.01),表明模型建立成功;与模型组比较,BHD高剂量组、中剂量组心肌缺血大鼠血清中LDH、CK活性显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:BHD能够有效的抑制急性心肌缺血大鼠ST段抬高和调节各种酶活性,从而改善冠脉循环,保护缺血心肌。     

Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on arthroplasty services and early experience after resuming surgeries at a ‘non Covid’ center

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to assess the impact of Covid-19 crisis on hip and knee joint replacement surgeries at a high volume tertiary care hospital in the Indian National Capital Region and to evaluate the early experience of resumption of arthroplasty services.MethodsInstitutional records of the arthroplasty cases, operated between 1st March to 31 August of 2019 (Group A, pre-Covid) and 2020 (Group B, pandemic year) were compared retrospectively over numerous parameters including the complications within six weeks of surgery.ResultsThere was a significant drop (by 82.53 %) in the total number of arthroplasty surgeries in Group B (62) as compared with Group A (355). Average number of arthroplasties per month were 59.17 ± 12.93 and 10.67 ± 13.29 in Group A and Group B respectively (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in postoperative complication rate 7/355 (1.97 %) in Group A vs 7/62 (11.29 %) in Group B during pandemic (p < 0.002), along with a higher 30-days mortality rate 2/355 (3.22 %) vs 2/62 (0.56 %). Pandemic year also saw an increased readmission rate (4.83 %) vs (0.56 %) and postoperative ICU transfer rate (1.61 %) vs (0.56 %) in comparison with pre-Covid year.ConclusionIn the pandemic, arthroplasty services got severely affected at our center. With nearly six fold increase in complication rates, higher 30-days mortality and increased readmission rates, caution is advised in resuming arthroplasty surgeries without robust evaluation of cases. Whether undetected Covid-19 infection or poor pre-existing disease control due to lockdown can be linked to these results is a matter of further research with larger multicenter studies.     

Factors Affecting the Clinical Course of Follicular Lymphoma: A Multistate Survival Analysis Using Individual Patient Data from Eight Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trials

Introduction/BackgroundLeveraging the Follicular Lymphoma Analysis of Surrogacy Hypothesis database of individual patient data from first-line clinical trials, we studied the clinical course of follicular lymphoma (FL) and investigated clinical factors associated with FL outcomes.Patients and MethodsWe examined 2428 patients from 8 randomized trials using multistate survival models with 4 states: induction treatment, progression, death from FL, and death from other causes. We utilized Aalen-Johansen estimator and Cox models to assess the likelihood of FL outcomes and quantify predictors’ effects.ResultsTwo-year progression, FL-related death, and death from other causes estimates were 26.5%, 3.4% and 1.4%, respectively. FL-associated deaths were the primary cause of mortality within 10 years of follow-up. Male sex (hazard ratio: 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.47), > 4 involved nodal areas (1.51; 1.23-1.86), elevated LDH (1.20; 1.01-1.43), low hemoglobin (1.44; 1.15-1.81), and elevated β-2 levels (1.23; 1.02-1.47) increased risk of progression. CD20-targeting agents reduced risks for progression (0.29; 0.22-0.39), death from FL (0.05; 0.01-0.20), and death from other causes without progression (0.13; 0.05-0.33) and following progression (0.52; 0.30-0.92). Estimated 2-year progression rates were 22.3% and 43.5% with or without CD20-targeting agents, respectively. Two-year FL-associated mortality rate was 8.3% among patients without CD20-targeting agents, 5.4% with B-symptoms, 4.9% with elevated LDH, and 9.1% with low hemoglobin.ConclusionThis study identified independent contributions of baseline clinical factors to distinct outcomes for patients with FL following first-line therapy on a clinical trial. Similar analytical approaches are needed to increase understanding of factors that influence FL outcomes in other settings.     

乳酸脱氢酶在巨幼细胞性贫血诊断中的应用

目的:分析乳酸脱氢酶在巨幼细胞性贫血诊断中的应用。方法:选取西安交通大学第一附属医院检验科2018年3月~2019年3月收治的200例巨幼细胞性贫血患者,将其设为观察组;200例骨髓异常增生症患者,设为对照组;分析比较两组患者的血象和乳酸脱氢酶,胆红素指标。结果:观察组中TBIL、DBIL、IBIL、LDH等指标均明显高于对照组,其中(t=6.59、4.31、6.43、6.57,P<0.05);观察组LDH升高的阳性率也大于对照组,其中(χ~2=10.98,P<0.05),差异均具有统计学意义。结论:乳酸脱氢酶在巨幼细胞性贫血的诊断中具有重要意义,是其诊断的主要参考指标。     

复方中药与延迟性肌肉损伤血清学指标的变化：随机对照实验

背景：目前有关复方中药用于运动延迟性肌肉损伤的研究较少，仅有的几项针对单味中药成分对肌肉损伤的治疗效果的研究。 目的：通过复方中药和云南白药、阴性对照组大鼠在大强度训练后血清指标变化的对比分析，来反映复方中药对抗延迟性肌肉损伤的效果。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验，于2005-06/2006-01在广西师范大学体育学院生理实验室完成。 材料：8周龄纯系雄性昆明种大鼠54只，体质量200~220 g。复方中药的主要有效成分由秦归、白术、白芍、白芷和麝香等组成；云南白药为云南白药集团生产。 方法：根据大鼠的体质量随机将大鼠分为复方药物安静、即刻和恢复组，云南白药安静、即刻和恢复组，空白对照安静、即刻和恢复组，共9组，除了正常饮食外，复方药物组和云南白药组大鼠分别灌喂复方中药和云南白药0.78 g/(kg•d)，1次/d，给药4周，对照组灌喂相等量的生理盐水(0.5 mL)，即刻组和恢复组大鼠进行定量负荷游泳运动，1次/d，连续4周；安静组不运动。给药最后1 d，所有大鼠进行延迟性肌肉损伤运动。 主要观察指标：即刻组大鼠在运动后即取血样，恢复组在恢复24 h后，取血样，安静组随时间安排取血样，检测各组大鼠肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、血尿素氮变化。 结果：发现复方中药组大鼠在运动训练至力竭后大鼠血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性的变化较其他组较大，血尿素氮上升的幅度较低，与对照组相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。 结论：复方中药对防治延迟性肌肉损伤具有较为明显的效果。