中国学术期刊网络首发论文撤回状况的调查分析——以中国知网2017—2019年数据为例

【目的】 了解我国学术期刊网络首发论文出版后的撤稿及更正状况,以及问题论文撤回过程中《中国知网网络出版文献出版状态变更与内容更正规范》(以下简称《规范》)的执行情况。 【方法】 首先,检索CNKI平台2017—2019年带有“撤回”标记的网络首发论文的撤回声明;其次,下载撤回声明并编码保存,将撤回论文的目录导出至参考文献管理软件Endnote X9进行相关统计,将撤稿声明的文本导入到质性研究数据分析软件NVivo 12 Plus进行原因分类;最后,对网络首发撤稿论文的学科分布、来源期刊、撤回原因等进行分析。 【结果】 2017—2019年CNKI共撤回网络首发论文389篇,其中“撤回”论文310篇,“撤稿”论文74篇,“勘误”论文5篇;有明确撤回原因的论文有278篇,占比为71.47%,111篇没有说明撤回原因,占比为28.53%;因学术不端、署名问题、出版管理、质量控制、其他等原因撤回的论文分别为32、25、82、118、21篇。 【结论】 网络首发论文撤回率偏高(389/182654,0.21%),《规范》执行率偏低(6/389,1.54%);撤稿原因不明确、不具体,且存在故意遮掩学术不端事实的现象。学术期刊编辑出版单位和数字化出版平台应进一步规范网络首发论文的流程管理和内容审核,增强撤回原因的透明性、撤回声明的易见性和撤回过程的可回溯性。     

Social media use and influenza vaccine uptake among White and African American adults

Influenza vaccination rates in the U.S. remain low at 41% among adults over 18 years according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 2016 data. Reasons for the low rate vary and include factors such as risk perception, vaccine hesitancy, and access to health care. This cross-sectional study sought to examine the relationship between social media use and influenza vaccine uptake among a sample of White and African Americans over 18 years of age. Using bivariate, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression tests, this study examined the relationship among social media use, social media as a source of health information, and influenza vaccination status in 2015. Our results indicate that users of Twitter (OR4.41, 95%CI: 1.43–13.60) and Facebook (OR 1.66, 95%CI: 1.01–2.72) as sources of health information were more likely to be vaccinated in comparison to users who do not use Twitter or Facebook as a source of health information. These findings have implications for the potential of using social media platforms to disseminate influenza vaccine information and encourage users to get vaccinated annually.     

A novel audio forensic data-set for digital multimedia forensics

Today, digital multimedia (audio, video, images) is a common evidential source in litigation and criminal justice proceedings, and, not surprisingly, multimedia forensics is an active research area. One particular challenge faced by multimedia forensic researchers is the lack of a comprehensive and publicly available data-set for evaluating existing and new algorithms. This paper presents a digital audio forensic data-set, designed to facilitate evaluation of audio forensic algorithms (e.g. microphone identification, acoustic environment identification and splice detection). This paper also briefly describes the data-collection settings, microphones, speakers, languages and notations used. Existing tamper-detection techniques rely on artefacts due to recording devices, codec and/or the acoustic environment in the audio in question. Experimental results show that the selected approaches achieved promising results.     

失衡与治理:学术期刊数字出版产业链利益分配问题研究

【目的】 探讨学术期刊数字出版产业链中的市场主体利益分配失衡问题的解决方案,以满足各方的合理利益诉求。【方法】 运用文献法、个案研究法等,对我国学术期刊数字出版产业链上、中、下游市场主体之间利益分配失衡的现状及原因进行分析。【结果】 数据库平台企业的双边市场地位与商业模式、学术期刊数字出版产品特性与收费模式、主管部门监管不到位、行政力量推动下的非完全市场化运行机制、版权维护动力不足,以及尊重知识产权意愿不强是当前学术期刊数字出版产业链利益分配失衡的主要原因。【结论】 充分发挥主管单位与行业协会监管职能、对数据库平台企业进行改革、引入区块链技术、构建基于版权保护的利益分配机制等是平衡各方利益的有效对策。     

First TDCR measurements at low energies using a miniature x-ray tube

Developed for radionuclide standardization using liquid scintillation, the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) method is applied using coincidence counting obtained with a specific three-photomultiplier system. For activity determination, a statistical model of light emission is classically used to establish a relation between the detection efficiency and the experimental TDCR value. At LNE-LNHB, a stochastic approach of the TDCR modeling was developed using the Monte Carlo code Geant4. The interest of this TDCR-Geant4 model is the possibility to simulate the propagation of optical photons from their creation in the scintillation vial to the production of photoelectrons in photomultipliers.As an alternative to the use of radionuclide sources, first TDCR measurements are presented using a miniature x-ray tube closely coupled to the scintillation vial. The objective of this new set-up was to enable low-energy depositions (lower than 20 keV) in liquid scintillator in order to study the influence of both time and geometrical dependence between PMTs already observed with radioactive sources. As for the statistical TDCR model, the non-linearity of light emission is implemented in the TDCR-Geant4 model using the Birks formula which depends on the kB factor and the scintillation yield. Measurements performed with the x-ray tube are extended to the assessment of these parameters and they are tested afterwards in the TDCR-Geant4 model for activity measurements of ³H.     

数字化塑形钛网在颅骨缺损修补术中的临床运用

目的：探讨数字化塑形钛网修补颅骨缺损的临床治疗效果。方法对我院2010年8月~2013年9月收治的46例需进行颅骨缺损手术的患者行数字化塑形钛网修补术，比较同期的42例行传统手工塑形钛网颅骨修补术的患者手术质量和术后恢复情况。进行6个月的术后随访，统计评估患者术后恢复情况。结果与传统手术方法相比，数字化塑形钛网修补手术在用时、并发症发生情况等方面优势明显（P＜0.01），术后功能状态评分和生活质量评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论数字化塑形钛网技术在颅骨缺损的修复治疗上具有塑形美观、术后恢复效果好，可减少手术时间等诸多优点，是在条件允许的情况下的首选手术方式。