不同时机行椎管内阻滞分娩镇痛对镇痛效果及分娩结局的影响

目的 探讨不同时机行椎管内阻滞分娩镇痛对镇痛效果及分娩结局的影响.方法 收集2018年1月至2018年12月期间福建省泉州德诚医院收治临产后要求分娩镇痛产妇252例,随机分为对照组、实验组各126例,对照组在宫口开大3～4 cm时实施镇痛,实验组在宫口开大1～2 cm时实施镇痛,比较两组的镇痛效果及分娩结局.结果 实验...     

差异性炮制方法对丹参药材中丹酚酸B的变化研究

目的:研究差异性炮制方法对丹参药材中丹酚酸B的变化。方法:选取和制备炒丹参、丹参炭、米炒丹参、酒丹参、醋丹参,随后采用高效液相色谱法检测各种丹参炮制品中的丹酚酸B的含量。结果:酒丹参炮制品中丹酚酸B的含量最高,醋丹参位列第二,按照醋丹酚酸B含量从高到低的顺序依次为生丹参、米炒丹参、炒丹参、丹参炭。结论:丹酚酸B的热稳定性较差,通过乙醇以及酸性添加剂可在一定程度上增加丹酚酸B的热稳定性,值得临床重点关注。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎中医病因与辨治的思考

新型冠状病毒肺炎是感受新型冠状病毒所致,属于中医学“疫病”的范畴,其病因为吴又可提出的“异气”,与六淫不同,具有生物学属性;侵袭人体主要造成气阴损伤,气化失常,湿饮停聚;治疗当以“逐邪为第一要义”,恢复机体平衡状态。     

南方红豆杉不同部位紫杉烷类含量累积规律分析

目的:测定南方红豆杉不同组织器官紫杉烷类物质的含量,优选出最佳采收部位,为其开发利用提供依据。方法:分别采集南方红豆杉植株主干树皮、侧皮、根皮、须根、茎、叶六个组织器官材料,运用HPLC法检测紫杉烷类物质含量,确定其最佳利用组织器官。结果:南方红豆杉四种紫杉烷类在组织中的分布明显地受组织分化的影响,其中10-脱乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ在叶中最多,7-表-10-去乙酰基紫杉醇在侧皮中最多,紫杉醇、三尖杉宁碱则在根中最多。结论:叶是合成紫杉醇前体物质的主要器官,而皮与根则是合成及积累紫杉醇的主要组织器官。     

悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注的危害性

目的 探讨悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注的弊端,明确掌握输血适应证的重要性.方法 统计某医院2005年共1182份输血申请单的申请用血情况,分为单纯输注全血悬浮RBC血浆机采PC冰冻机采PC机采WBC以及悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注全血与异体血浆混合输注.结果 1182份输血申请单中,悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注的申请单数比例高达20.5%;其中实施输注的798份临床用血申请单中,混合输注的悬浮红细胞成分血输血率(RBC%)占比高达32.6%.结论 悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注的危害性远远大于全血输注,混合输注的做法导致患者发生输血付反应和传播输血相关传染病的危险性成倍增加,同时又增加了患者的经济负担,而且容易引起柠檬酸钠中毒,导致患者凝血功能障碍.临床以悬浮红细胞与异体血浆混合输注来代替全血输注,以提高临床成分血输血率,这与国家推行成分输血的宗旨(使临床输血更安全、科学、合理、有效)不符.     

Effects of 84‐days of bedrest and resistance training on single muscle fibre myosin heavy chain distribution in human vastus lateralis and soleus muscles

Aim: This investigation determined the effects of 84 days of bedrest on the composition of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in single skeletal muscle fibres with and without a resistance‐training countermeasure programme. Methods: Muscle biopsies were obtained from the m. vastus lateralis (VL) and m. soleus (SOL) before and after 84 days of bedrest. While control (BR) subjects (VL n = 9; SOL n = 3) refrained from exercise, BRE subjects (VL n = 8; SOL n = 3) performed knee extensor and plantar flexor resistance exercise every third day. Approximately 110 fibres per sample were analysed for MHC composition using SDS‐PAGE. Results: BR–VL had 16 and 14% decreases (P < 0.05) in MHC I and IIa fibres, respectively. There were 10% increases (P < 0.05) in MHC I/IIa, IIa/IIx, I/IIa/IIx, and a ～30% increase (P < 0.05) in total hybrid fibres. BRE‐VL showed a 15% reduction (P < 0.05) in MHC I fibres, no change in MHC IIa fibres, and a 13% increase (P < 0.05) in total hybrids. BR–SOL had a 19% decrease (P < 0.05) in MHC I fibres with a 22% increase in total hybrids. BRE–SOL showed no change in MHC composition across all fibre types. Conclusion: These data suggest that the exercise countermeasures programme prevented MHC shifts in the SOL and mitigated MHC shifts in the VL. Furthermore, in the VL it appears that the resistance training programme employed in this investigation during bedrest, emphasized the use of MHC IIa phenotype muscle fibres.     

Influence of concurrent exercise or nutrition countermeasures on thigh and calf muscle size and function during 60 days of bed rest in women

AIM: The goal of this investigation was to test specific exercise and nutrition countermeasures to lower limb skeletal muscle volume and strength losses during 60 days of simulated weightlessness (6 degrees head-down-tilt bed rest). METHODS: Twenty-four women underwent bed rest only (BR, n = 8), bed rest and a concurrent exercise training countermeasure (thigh and calf resistance training and aerobic treadmill training; BRE, n = 8), or bed rest and a nutrition countermeasure (a leucine-enriched high protein diet; BRN, n = 8). RESULTS: Thigh (quadriceps femoris) muscle volume was decreased (P < 0.05) in BR (-21 +/- 1%) and BRN (-24 +/- 2%), with BRN losing more (P < 0.05) than BR. BRE maintained (P > 0.05) thigh muscle volume. Calf (triceps surae) muscle volume was decreased (P < 0.05) to a similar extent (P > 0.05) in BR (-29 +/- 1%) and BRN (-28 +/- 1%), and this decrease was attenuated (P < 0.05) in BRE (-8 +/- 2%). BR and BRN experienced large (P < 0.05) and similar (P > 0.05) decreases in isometric and dynamic (concentric force, eccentric force, power and work) muscle strength for supine squat (-19 to -33%) and calf press (-26 to -46%). BRE maintained (P > 0.05) or increased (P < 0.05) all measures of muscle strength. CONCLUSION: The nutrition countermeasure was not effective in offsetting lower limb muscle volume or strength loss, and actually promoted thigh muscle volume loss. The concurrent aerobic and resistance exercise protocol was effective at preventing thigh muscle volume loss, and thigh and calf muscle strength loss. While the exercise protocol offset approximately 75% of the calf muscle volume loss, modification of this regimen is needed.     

甲苯二异氰酸酯氧化损伤作用机制的研究

研究了在不同浓度下甲苯二异氰酸（TDI）对小鼠脂质过氧化物及有关酶活性影响。用分光光度法检测了小鼠血、肺和肝中MDA及GSH含量和SOD活性变化的变化，为阐明甲苯二异氰酸酯对小鼠组织损害机制提供实验依据。在1／2LC50、1／4LC50染毒组中MDA含量明显上升，SOD活性明显下降，GSH含量有所降低。对比雌雄差异，雌鼠在1／8LC50、1／4LC50染毒组中低剂量组受氧化损伤程度低于雄鼠，1／2LC50染毒组中雌鼠和雄鼠受氧化损伤程度的性别差异并不十分显著。     

来自不同地域的新护士职业综合素质调查分析与对策

目的:了解医院来自不同地域新护士职业综合素质情况,寻找有效应对管理方法,保障临床护士身心健康。方法:采用自行设计的职业综合素质问卷调查表,对本院176名新护士进行调查。结果:本地与外地临床新护士对从事职业主观态度方面无显著性差异P>0.05,在学历、职称、家庭经济、人均月收入有显著性差异P<0.01,掌握知识、技能、应急处理突发事件等方面无显著性差异P>0.05,对职业满意度尤其是同工同酬方面有显著性差异P<0.01。结论:一视同仁对待每一位护士,重视护理工作中的激励因素,满足新护士目标实现的高层次需求,帮助新护士正确选择职业发展道路,培养新护士创新性思维,是实现现代化管理、提升护理质量的有效举措。     

中医药在改善不同疾病子宫内膜容受性的应用

子宫内膜容受性是影响胚胎种植的重要因素之一,临床上多种疾病均可引起子宫内膜容受性下降,其影响的原因及机制也不同。中医根据不同疾病发病机制不同辨证论治,治疗以中药为主,结合针刺和腔内理疗可有效的调节改善子宫内膜从形态到分子到基因的一系列异常,可有效改善不同疾病的子宫内膜容受性。本文归纳整理了最近几年中医药提高不同疾病不孕患者子宫内膜容受性的方法及机制,并展开简要分析和探究,愿为其治疗提供一定的理论依据。