浅谈气压治疗对预防产妇产后下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察

目的：探讨为预防产妇产后下肢深静脉血栓形成采用空气波压力治疗仪的临床治疗效果。方法：采集本院收治入院的围产期妇女120例,平均分为对照组和观察组,对照组在产妇产后采用常规临床治疗预防下肢深静脉血栓形成,观察组在常规临床治疗基础上给予空气波压力治疗仪治疗。观察两组临床效果。结果：观察组无一例引发下肢深静脉血栓及肺栓塞,有5例出现下肢肿胀、疼痛。对照组下肢深静脉血栓发生率13.33%,下肢疼痛、肿胀发生率31.66%,肺栓塞发生率6.66%,与观察组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：空气波压力治疗仪对下肢静脉血栓有着明显的治疗效果,可有效降低产妇产后引发下肢深静脉血栓的发病率。     

Modeling Time to Cure of Deep Vein Thrombosis Using Cox Proportional Model in Southwest of Ethiopia

BackgroundGlobally, there are about 10 million cases of deep vein thrombosis every year, and it is the third leading cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke. The objective of the study is to assess risk factors of time to cure patients of deep vein thrombosis in southwest Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cohort study design was used. The study population was deep vein thrombosis patients at purposively selected hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia from January 2017 to December 2020. Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis.ResultsOut of the total 1068 registered as deep vein thrombosis patients, 263(24.6%) were cured during the study period, and 805(75.4%) were censored. Results of the Cox proportional hazard model show that; age, gender, family history of deep vein thrombosis, smoking status, immobilize and alcohol consumption were factors associated with deep vein thrombosis (p-value<0.05).ConclusionThe patients with a family history of deep vein thrombosis, prolonged immobilization, greater the 50 years, smoking cigarettes, female (non-pregnant) and alcohol users had a longer curing time of deep vein thrombosis compared to others.     

Role of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Translational Pain Research

As the most common symptomatic reason to seek medical consultation,pain is a complex experience that has been classified into different categories and stages.In pain processing,noxious stimuli may activate the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC).But the function of ACC in the different pain conditions is not well discussed.In this review,we elaborate the commonalities and differences from accumulated evidence by a variety of pain assays for physiological pain and pathological pain including inflammatory pain,neuropathic pain,and cancer pain in the ACC,and discuss the cellular receptors and signaling molecules from animal studies.We further summarize the ACC as a new central neuromodulation target for invasive and non-invasive stimulation techniques in clinical pain management.The comprehensive understanding of pain processing in the ACC may lead to bridging the gap in translational research between basic and clinical studies and to develop new therapies.     

术后镇痛早活动对预防妊高征产妇深静脉血栓形成的作用

目的总结妊高征(PIH)产妇剖宫产术后镇痛并及早活动对预防产褥期深静脉血栓形成的有效性和可行性。方法选择200例行剖宫产的妊高征产妇,术后镇痛分为试验组和对照组,试验组采用经硬膜外连接镇痛泵持续镇痛,对照组根据产妇要求随时肌注度冷丁镇痛。两种方法进行回顾性分析。结果不同的镇痛方法可影响产妇产褥期深静脉血栓的形成。结论经硬膜外术后镇痛,鼓励产妇早下床活动,能明显地降低深静脉血栓形成的发生率,预后良好。     

Automated assessment of the substantia nigra on susceptibility map-weighted imaging using deep convolutional neural networks for diagnosis of Idiopathic Parkinson's disease

ObjectivesDespite its use in determining nigrostriatal degeneration, the lack of a consistent interpretation of nigrosome 1 susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMwI) limits its generalized applicability. To implement and evaluate a diagnostic algorithm based on convolutional neural networks for interpreting nigrosome 1 SMwI for determining nigrostriatal degeneration in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD).MethodsIn this retrospective study, we enrolled 267 IPD patients and 160 control subjects (125 patients with drug-induced parkinsonism and 35 healthy subjects) at our institute, and 24 IPD patients and 27 control subjects at three other institutes on approval of the local institutional review boards. Dopamine transporter imaging served as the reference standard for the presence or absence of abnormalities of nigrosome 1 on SMwI. Diagnostic performance was compared between visual assessment by an experienced neuroradiologist and the developed deep learning-based diagnostic algorithm in both internal and external datasets using a bootstrapping method with 10000 re-samples by the “pROC” package of R (version 1.16.2).ResultsThe area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval [CI]) per participant by the bootstrap method was not significantly different between visual assessment and the deep learning-based algorithm (internal validation, .9622 [0.8912–1.0000] versus 0.9534 [0.8779-0.9956], P = .1511; external validation, 0.9367 [0.8843-0.9802] versus 0.9208 [0.8634-0.9693], P = .6267), indicative of a comparable performance to visual assessment.ConclusionsOur deep learning-based algorithm for assessing abnormalities of nigrosome 1 on SMwI was found to have a comparable performance to that of an experienced neuroradiologist.     

骨科手术后患者深静脉血栓的形成及护理

目的：探讨骨科手术后患者深静脉血栓的形成及护理。方法选择在我院骨科行手术治疗的106例患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,分别给予不同护理干预,观察术后深静脉血栓的形成。结果实验组深静脉血栓形成发生率为1.89%;对照组发生率为13.21%。两组比较,差异有统计学意义（x2=4.88,P＜0.05）。结论加强护理能较好的预防骨科术后患者深静脉血栓的形成。     

小鼠深静脉血栓形成及再通模型的建立和评价

目的 建立和评价小鼠深静脉血栓形成及再通模型.方法 采用C57/BL6小鼠,用环形结扎不完全阻断下腔静脉并用微血管夹钳夹损伤静脉壁的方法 诱导深静脉血栓形成.于术后第7、14天行血管造影观察血栓再通情况;取从结扎处到髂总静脉分叉的下腔静脉和血栓,计算质量长度比,测定血栓面积;测定尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(u-PA)、基质金属蛋白酶(PAI-1)及纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子(MMP)-2、MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白水平的表达.结果 术后第7天,80%小鼠完全性下腔静脉血栓、20%再通;术后第14天,90%小鼠血栓再通.与术后第7天比较,术后第14天血栓面积缩小80%,质量长度比减小40.7%(P＜0.05).与对照组比,u-PA术后第7、14天表达增强,而第14天表达低于第7天(P＜0.05);PAI-1、MMP-2和MMP-9术后第7、14天表达逐渐增强.结论 用环形结扎不完全阻断下腔静脉并用微血管夹钳夹损伤静脉壁的方法 可成功诱导小鼠深静脉血栓形成.研究纤溶系统和MMPs系统可分别选取术后第7、14天前后的时间点为宜.     

髋臼及骨盆骨折患者术前深静脉血栓形成的影响因素

目的探讨影响髋臼及骨盆骨折患者术前深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的危险因素。方法回顾性分析287例髋臼及骨盆骨折患者临床资料及术前DVT检查结果,采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析进行术前DVT危险因素分析。结果 287例手术患者术前37例检出DVT,发生率为12.89%。DVT组年龄40岁以上各组比例明显高于非血栓患者(P<0.05),术前卧床时间30d以上比例最高(P<0.05),合并高凝状态疾病组、合并其他创伤组、高能创伤组、吸烟组比例明显高于非血栓患者(P<0.05),D-D二聚体<500μg/L、术前抗凝预防措施组比例明显低于非血栓患者(P<0.05)。年龄、合并高凝状态、合并其他创伤、D-D二聚体水平是术前DVT形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05),术前抗凝预防措施是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论髋臼及骨盆骨折患者术前存在较高DVT形成风险,并与年龄增长、D-D二聚体水平升高、高凝状态及合并其他创伤密切相关,应加强重点人群的预防和筛查,术前低分子肝素抗凝预防治疗能有效降低DVT发生,但应结合出血风险,制定合理预防干预方法。     

神经外科手术后静脉血栓栓塞症预防性治疗研究

目的评估神经外科患者在围手术期皮下注射低分子肝素预防深静脉血栓栓塞症的安全性及有效性.方法实验组100例,术前12h至术后7d,每日皮下连续注射低分子肝素03ml.对照组100例,未行任何预防性抗凝措施.两组患者于术前和术后每隔7d分别行双下肢深静脉彩色超声多普勒检查,观察下肢深静脉血栓发生情况.结果实验组无深静脉血栓发生,术后血小板计数和凝血功能检查与手术前检查无显著性差异,无术后颅内出血者;对照组发生深静脉血栓10例(10%),1例发生症状性肺栓塞并死亡.结论神经外科患者在围手术期使用皮下注射低分子肝素预防深静脉血栓形成是安全有效的.     

下肢深静脉血栓患者血液流变学指标的变化

目的：研究下肢深静脉血栓患者血液流变学指标的变化。方法：对40例下肢深静脉血栓患者和50例正常对照者分别进行血液流变学指标的检测。结果：下肢深静脉血栓患者组的全血粘度、血浆粘度、血沉、全血低切还原粘度、血沉方程K值、红细胞聚集指数及全血低切相对粘度与正常组对照，均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：下肢深静脉血栓患者存在明显的血液流变学改变和微循环障碍。提示治疗过程中，可采用抗凝、活血化淤方法改善血液流变学、降低血液粘度；并将血液流变学指标作为监测病程、判断预后、指导用药的重要指标。