Radiologic long-term results after cervical vertebral interbody fusion with Polymethyl Methacrylat (PMMA)

Long-term results of cervical interbody fusion with PMMA were evaluated in a retrospective study. X-ray films of 83 patients were obtainable. Post-operative follow-up in this series was between 15 and 20 years. The results show that PMMA is engrafted after about 2 years. Stable vertebral interbody fusion is obtained in about 90% of cases. Development of malignoma was not observed. Resorptive bone alterations, which can be seen in about 2% of cases one to two years after operation are shown not to be progressive. This process heals and stable fusion develops.     

双减压椎间融合术治疗椎动脉型颈椎病（附24例报告）

从1987年2月至1991年10月对24例诊断明确的椎动脉型颈椎病患者进行了双减压椎间融合术(BIFO)。其方法是在病变侧行横突前弓及钩椎关节骨赘切除,并行病椎椎间盘切除植骨融合。术后经1.5～5.2年随访,除2例恢复较慢外余皆在不同时间内康复,近远期效果满意。认为BIFO术式是既能去除椎动脉受压主要因素,又能稳定椎体,是一种新的有效的手术治疗方法。     

Fusion and Matrix Protein Gene Sequence Analysis of Paramyxoviruses of Type 1(PMV-1) Isolated from Pigeons in Slovenia

Paramyxoviruses of type 1 (PMV-l) isolated from pigeons were genetically analyzed. A part of the fusion and the matrix protein genes were amplified and sequenced, Typical amino acid sequences associated with virulence were determined at the fusion protein cleavage site in all PMV-1 isolates. All Slovene pigeon PMV-1 strains share high amino acid sequence similarity with other pigeon strains. In the phylogenetic tree, they are clustered together with pigeon PMV-1 isolates with moderate pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis obtained from the fusion and the matrix protein gene alignments showed the same branching order. Viruses circulating among pigeons were found to form quite unique lineage of virulent NDV strains.     

Detection of human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 E4 gene products in condylomata acuminatum.

Polyclonal antiserum to an Escherichia coli-produced beta-galactosidase/E4 fusion protein of human papillomavirus type 6b (antiserum 256), and affinity purified HPV 11 anti-E4 antibodies were tested for reactivity in Western blots with bacterially expressed trpE/E4 fusion proteins of HPV types 6b, 11, 16, and 18. To further characterize the affinity purified anti-E4 antibodies, a dot-immunobinding assay was performed using overlapping synthetic HPV 11 E1E4 peptides as antigens. Protein extracts of condylomata acuminatum from 18 patients containing HPV type 6 or 11 DNA sequences were tested in Western blots using antiserum 256 or affinity purified HPV 11 anti-E4 antibodies. In the Western blots of the trpE proteins, antiserum 256 identified the HPV types 6b and 11 fusion proteins; the affinity purified HPV 11 anti-E4 antibodies identified only the HPV 11 fusion protein. In the dot-immunobinding assay, three HPV 11 peptides were recognized, each containing a shared 8 amino acid sequence that differs significantly from the corresponding sequences of HPV types 6b, 16, or 18. In the Western blots of protein extracts from 18 condylomata acuminatum samples shown to contain HPV types 6 or 11 DNA, putative E4 gene products were identified in six samples by antiserum 256. The affinity purified HPV 11 anti-E4 antibodies identified putative E4 gene products in one of these same six lesions, which was shown to contain HPV 11 sequences by the Southern blot method. All six samples containing E4 gene products were from women. Three of these women were pregnant, one had serum antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus, and one was a renal transplant recipient receiving glucocorticoids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Telomeric and interstitial telomeric sequences in holokinetic chromosomes of Lepidoptera: Telomeric DNA mediates association between postpachytene bivalents in achiasmatic meiosis of females

Telomeres, besides their main role in the protection and maintenance of chromosome ends, have several other vital functions in the cell cycle. We studied their role in the achiasmatic meiosis of female Lepidoptera, insects with holokinetic chromosomes. By fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with the insect telomeric probe, (TTAGG) _n , we mapped the distribution of telomeric and interstitial telomeric sequences (ITS) in female meiotic chromosomes of two species, Orgyia antiqua with a reduced chromosome number (2n=28) and Ephestia kuehniella mutants, possessing a radiation-induced chromosome fusion in the genome (2n=59). In addition to the strong typical telomeric signals, O. antiqua displayed weaker hybridization signals in interstitial sites of pachytene bivalents. The observed ITS most probably reflect remnants of chromosomal rearrangements and support the hypothesis that the Orgyia karyotype had arisen by multiple fusions of ancestral chromosomes. On the other hand, the absence of ITS in the chromosome fusion of Ephestia indicated the loss of telomeres before the two original chromosomes fused. When the telomeric probe was amplified by enzymatic reaction with tyramid, the number of ITS observed increased in Orgyia, and a few ITS were also observed in several chromosomes of Ephestia but not in the fused chromosome. This suggests that the genomes of both species also contain ITS other than those originating from chromosome fusions. The analysis of female meiotic prophase I revealed non-homologous associations of postpachytene bivalents mediated by telomeric DNA, which were not observed in the pachytene stage. Surprisingly, in early postpachytene nuclei the telomeric associations also involved ITS, whereas later postpachytene nuclei displayed chains of bivalents interconnected only by true telomeres. This finding favours a hypothesis that telomeric associations between bivalents play a role in chromosome segregation in the achiasmatic meiosis of female Lepidoptera. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Anti-human thyroid peroxidase and anti-human thyroglobulin antibodies present no cross-reactivity on recombinant peptides.

Thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) are two antigens largely recognized by the sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Recently, the complete mapping of both antigens was established with rabbit polyclonal antibodies by the use of recombinant proteins expressed in prokaryotic vector. Several investigators have argued for the existence of a cross-reactivity of some hetero- and autologous antibodies versus these two proteins. In the present study, using rabbit polyclonal antibody, mouse polyclonal antibody and autoimmune antibody (aAb), we observed no common epitope on human Tg (hTg) and human TPO (hTPO).     

胰高血糖素衍生物在大肠杆菌的克隆表达和纯化

 目的 通过基因工程途径获得胰高血糖素衍生物。 方法 根据胰高血糖素基因及凝血酶酶切位点序列，分段合成引物行 PCR 扩增，以 PCR 扩增得到的胰高血糖素-甘氨酸基因序列和 pET-30a 质粒转化 E.coli DH5α，获得重组质粒 pET-G。将重组质粒 pET-G 转化至 E.coli BL21(DE3)，重组菌株命名为 E.coli BL21[pET-G]。以异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导表达，对表达产物进行SDS-Tricine- PAGE[十二烷基硫酸钠-三（羟甲基）甲基甘氨酸-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳]分析和蛋白质印迹分析。对表达产物行Ni2+-NTA亲和层析纯化、凝血酶酶切和高效液相色谱（HPLC）纯化后，行 SDS-Tricine-PAGE分析和飞行质谱分析，并以 ELISA 方法检测其免疫活性。 结果 PCR 扩增获得的条带与预期的DNA表达片段大小一致，重组质粒 pET-G 测序结果与预期完全一致。SDS- Tricine-PAGE 和蛋白质印迹分析显示 E.coli BL21（DE3）的表达产物相对分子质量与预期相符。经亲和层析纯化、凝血酶酶切和 HPLC 纯化后得到了完整的重组胰高血糖素-甘氨酸衍生物，SDS-Tricine-PAGE 分析显示其相对分子质量约为 3500，飞行质谱分析相对分子质量为 3531，二者基本一致。ELISA 检测表明重组胰高血糖素-甘氨酸衍生物具有胰高血糖素免疫活性。 结论 采用基因工程技术在大肠杆菌中成功表达了胰高血糖素-甘氨酸衍生物，为通过体外酰胺化途径研制酰胺化胰高血糖素奠定了基础。     

Tandem chromosome fusions in karyotypic evolution of Muntiacus: evidence from M. feae and M. gongshanensis

The muntjacs (Muntiacus, Cervidae) are famous for their rapid and radical karyotypic diversification via repeated tandem chromosome fusions, constituting a paradigm for the studies of karyotypic evolution. Of the five muntjac species with defined karyotypes, three species (i.e. Muntiacus reevesi, 2n = 46; M. m. vaginalis, 2n = 6/7; and M. crinifrons, 2n = 8/9) have so far been investigated by a combined approach of comparative chromosome banding, chromosome painting and BAC mapping. The results demonstrated that extensive centromere–telomere fusions and a few centric fusions are the chromosomal mechanisms underlying the karyotypic evolution of muntjacs. Here we have applied the same approach to two additional muntjac species with less well-characterized karyotypes, M. feae (2n = 14♂) and M. gongshanensis (2n = 8♀). High-resolution G-banded karyotypes for M. feae and M. gongshanensis are provided. The integrated analysis of hybridization results led to the establishment of a high-resolution comparative map between M. reevesi, M. feae, and M. gongshanensis, proving that all tandem fusions underpinning the karyotypic evolution of these two muntjac species are also centromere–telomere fusions. Furthermore, the results have improved our understanding of the karyotypic relationships of extant muntjac species and provided compelling cytogenetic evidence that supports the view that M. crinifrons, M. feae, and M. gongshanensis should each be treated as a distinct species.     

颈椎前路椎体间微创融合器的生物力学实验研究

目的评价植入镍钛记忆合金微创融合器(NiTi-TFC/C)的颈椎节段的稳定性及压缩力学性能。方法采集24只羊颈椎标本随机分为4组,每组6份,四组处理分别为:单取髓核组、自体髂骨植骨组、微创融合器组和钛制融合器组(InterFix)。所有标本进行前路减压,并对后3组进行椎间融合术。分别对各组标本进行生物力学测试并进行比较。结果微创融合器组与钛制融合器组在强度、刚度及扭转力学等方面无显著性差异(P>0.05)。而微创融合器组与自体髂骨植骨组具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。最大承载力为12050N。结论该微创融合器强度大、刚度高、抗扭转能力强,具有良好的抗压能力,为颈椎融合提供新型的融合装置。