At the heart of the problem: congestive cardiac failure as a cause of ascites: A narrative review

Heart failure leading to cardiac ascites is an extremely rare and underrecognized entity in clinical practice. Recognizing cardiac ascites can be difficult, especially since patients presenting with ascites may have more than 1 etiology. Various biomarkers are available to aid in the diagnosis of cardiac ascites, though with differing sensitivities and specificities. Such biomarkers include serum albumin, ascitic albumin and protein, as well as serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). While serum NT-proBNP is a powerful biomarker in distinguishing the etiology of ascites and monitoring treatment progression, its cost can be prohibitive in low-resource settings. Clinicians practicing under these circumstances may opt to rely on other parameters to manage their patients. We go on further to report a series of 3 patients with cardiac ascites to illustrate how these biomarkers may be employed in the management of this patient population. Clinicians should always keep in mind the differential diagnosis of cardiac failure as a cause of ascites. The resolution of cardiac ascites may serve as a surrogate clinical marker for response to antifailure therapy in lieu of NT-proBNP at resource-scarce centers.     

A Young Patient with Microscopic Polyangiitis Requiring Hemodialysis with Complications of Repeated Episodes of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Probably Due to Different Etiologies

A young woman with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) requiring hemodialysis showed repeated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) with spatiotemporal multiple lesions over a period of two months. The first PRES episode with confusion and the second PRES episode with vertigo and nausea were caused by MPA, hypertension and renal failure. These symptoms were improved by the reinforcement of MPA treatment and blood pressure management. The third PRES episode with nausea, headache, seizure and visual changes was induced by rituximab infusion and hypertension. The PRES was improved with blood pressure and convulsant management. These conditions are challenging to diagnose and treat.     

多方式下延续性护理对慢性非萎缩性胃炎患者出院后健康素养、生活质量和复诊率的影响

目的研究多方式下延续性护理对慢性非萎缩性胃炎(CNAG)患者出院后健康素养、生活质量和复诊率的影响。方法选择本院2018年10月至2019年6月诊治的94例CNAG患者作为研究对象,采用信封随机法将患者均分为延续组和常规组,各47例,前者给予多方式下延续性护理,后者给予常规护理。均干预6个月.,比较两组患者健康素养、生活质量以及复诊率。结果干预后两组患者健康素养分值均较干预前显著上升.,延续组患者上升幅度较常规组更显著(P<005);延续组.患者生理功能、生理职能、活力、精神健康、躯体疼痛、总体健康评分均显著高于常.规组(P<005),而情感职能、社会功能与常规组相比差异不显著(P>005);延续组患者复诊率显著高于常规组,但再就诊率与常规组相比差异不显著(P>005)。结论多方式延续性护理可有效提高CNAG患者的健康素养和生活质量,提高复诊率。     

经鼻持续气道正压通气对肺表面活性物质治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征效果的影响

目的 探讨不同时间点应用经鼻持续气道正压通气(nCPAP)对肺表面活性物质(PS)治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)效果的影响.方法 对湖北科技学院附属第一医院于2013年1月-2016年6月收治的RDS 100例的临床资料进行回顾性分析.根据应用nCPAP时间分为≤2h组38例、2～4h组41例、≥4 h组21例.观察3组治疗前后动脉血气变化、治疗3、7d的机械通气率及并发症发生情况.结果 3组给药24 h后吸入氧浓度(FiO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)低于给药前,pH和氧分压(PaO2)高于给药前,且2～4h组改善情况优于≤2h组和≥4h组;给药2h后,2～4h组FiO2低于≤2h组和≥4 h组,≥4h组PaO2均高于≤2h组和2～4h组(P＜0.05);治疗3d2～4h组需机械通气率低于≤2h组和≥4 h组(P＜0.05);支气管肺发育不良发病率≤2h组高于2～4h组和≥4h组(P＜0.05).结论 早期给予nCPAP对PS治疗RDS效果明显,可改善预后,在发病2～4h应用效果最佳.     

High hemoglobin fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients: A retrospective analysis of 232 patients with PD

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths in peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsAccording to the Hb fluctuation, patients were divided into low fluctuation group, moderate fluctuation group, and high fluctuation group, and then, the effects of Hb fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause death in PD were analyzed by regression analysis.ResultsA total of 232 patients were selected in this study. Compared with the low Hb fluctuation group, the moderate and high fluctuation groups had lower body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and baseline Hb, and the moderate fluctuation group had less erythropoietin (EPO) and dialysis dose. Compared with survivors, patients with cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths had lower mean Hb and Hb fluctuation (all p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that before and after adjusting for confounding factors, Hb fluctuation was still independently correlated with cardiovascular prognosis, and higher Hb fluctuation was still a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in the Hb‐substandard group, but there was no significant correlation between Hb fluctuation and all‐cause death. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that Hb fluctuation was positively correlated with Kt/V and EPO dosage, but negatively correlated with the baseline Hb.ConclusionHigh Hb fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in PD with substandard Hb. Compared with Hb fluctuation, correction of anemia timely and making Hb reaches the standard level had a greater impact on reducing cardiovascular‐related death in PD.     

MINOCYCLINE EXCRETION AND DISTRIBUTION IN RELATION TO RENAL FUNCTION IN MAN

SUMMARY 1. The biological half-life of minocycline in serum has been studied in twenty-one patients and shown to have no relationship to renal function. There is very little excretion of minocycline by the kidney, and practically none is removed by dialysis.
2. In normal subjects, minocycline therapy is not accompanied by a significant rise in blood urea concentration or urinary urea excretion. However, high doses may produce a marked increase in urea excretion.
3. Of eight patients with impaired renal function who were treated with a normal therapeutic dose of minocycline (200 mg/day), one showed a significant increase in urea excretion and a rise in plasma urea concentration. Two patients with severe unstable renal failure required dialysis following therapy.
4. Minocycline is unlikely to accumulate in patients with renal failure due to its predominantly gastrointestinal excretion and is therefore safe to use. However, its protein catabolic effect is dose dependent and if renal function is impaired, even a small increase in urea production may be sufficient to aggravate uraemia. In such patients the normal therapeutic dose (200 mg/day) should not be exceeded and monitoring of renal function is advisable.     

连续环形撕囊术抑制后囊膜混浊的实验研究

目的：搪塞连续环形撕囊术（ＣＣＣ）对白内障囊外摘除术后晶体后囊膜混浊的影响。方法：将２４只白色家兔随机平均分为三个时间组,每只家兔又按双眼术中前切开法的不同随机分为ＣＣＣ组和开罐式截囊组,术后不同时期观察后囊膜病理变化。结果：术后一月,Ａ组后囊膜纤维增殖明显减少,赤道 后囊膜间无显著粘连,早期即在可在后囊膜面查见纤维弱细胞增生。结论：ＣＣＣ可抑制白内障术后晶体后囊膜混浊的发生。     

内镜监视下置管腹膜透析在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用及护理

目的 探讨腹膜透析对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的疗效及护理.方法 选择2004年1月～2007年3月在我院接受治疗的60例SAP患者作为研究对象,其中以施行腹膜透析的28例患者作为治疗组,以未行腹膜透析的32例患者作为对照组,两组患者入院情况基本相似.两组患者除腹膜透析外,均接受相同的常规治疗.比较两组治疗前后的血淀粉酶值、血白细胞计数、血Ca2+浓度、血氧分压(PaO2)、腹痛腹胀缓解时间、住院时间、治愈率.重症急性胰腺炎患者置管腹膜透析术前、术中、术后均给予高质量的护理.结果 治疗组的血淀粉酶值与对照组比较,两组的好转趋势不同,治疗组优于对照组.血白细胞计数、血Ca2+浓度、血氧分压(PaO2)、腹痛腹胀缓解时间、住院时间均优于对照组.结论 腹膜透析能明显减轻SAP患者的一般情况,改善患者预后,值得临床推广应用.高质量的腹膜透析护理是治疗重症急性胰腺炎的重要因素之一.     

舒适护理在持续静脉灌注化疗中的应用

目的 探讨舒适护理在持续静脉灌注化疗中的应用.方法 对65例在我科住院已确诊为胃肠道肿瘤、选择接受中心静脉置管予持续静脉灌注化疗方案的患者,在化疗前、中、后的整体护理过程中融入舒适护理,比较舒适护理前后接受持续静脉灌注化疗患者的生活质量.结果 在实施相关舒适护理后,病人在躯体方面、心理方面以及总体感觉方面有明显提高,而社会方面于舒适护理前后无明显改变.结论 将舒适护理用于持续静脉灌注化疗的患者,真正体现了"以人为本、以病人为中心"的护理理念,提高了患者的生活质量.