综合治疗Ⅱ+Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌疗效分析

目的对比诱导化疗加放射治疗及同步放射治疗加化疗的疗效,探讨更为有效的治疗中晚期肺癌的方法.方法 64例Ⅱ+Ⅲ期中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者分成两组,诱导化疗加放射治疗组(诱导化放组)32例,采用EP方案(顺铂100 mg/m2,第1天,依托泊甙100 mg/m2,第1～3天)化疗2～3个周期,每4周为1个周期;完成后行常规分割放射治疗,总量60～70 Gy,6～7周完成.同步放射治疗加化疗组(同步放化组)32例,采用EP方案(顺铂20 mg/m2,第1～5天,依托泊甙50 mg/m2,第1～5天)化疗2个周期,每4周为1个周期;化疗第1天开始行放射治疗,总剂量为60～70 Gy,6～7周完成.结果诱导化放组有1例未完成治疗计划,同步放化组3例未完成治疗计划.诱导化放组完全缓解率占31.3%,部分缓解率占50.0%,无变化+病变进展占18.7%;同步放化组分别占37.5%、46.9%、15.6%,2个组的近期疗效差异无显著性意义(χ2=0.11,P>0.05).诱导化放组中位生存期为13.4个月,同步放化组为21.6个月,差异有显著性意义(t=2.58,P<0.05).1、2、3年生存率诱导化放组分别为65.6%、21.9%、12.5%,同步放化组分别为71.9%、43.8%、31.3%,2个组生存曲线差异有极显著性意义(χ2=7.06,P<0.01).毒副反应方面,同步放化组高于诱导化放组,尤以造血系统毒性明显,但能为绝大多数患者耐受.结论同步放化疗能延长中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的中位生存期,提高患者的生存率.     

CD与bcl-Xs基因联合转染卵巢癌细胞株对5-氟胞嘧啶作用的影响

目的　了解自杀基因胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因 (cytosinedeaminase ,CD)及其前药 5 氟胞嘧啶 (5 fluorucytosine,5 FC)和bcl Xs基因转移联合作用对卵巢癌细胞株生长的影响。方法　以复制缺陷型腺病毒为载体将CD基因和bcl Xs基因体外转染大鼠卵巢癌细胞株NUTU 19细胞 ,加入含 5 FC的培养基。MTT法检测培养细胞吸光度值 ,计算细胞存活率。结果　单一bcl Xs基因转移及单一CD /5 FC系统作用对NUTU 19细胞的生长抑制作用均随病毒滴度的增加而增大 ;将两者联合作用于NU TU 19细胞 ,其生长抑制率比两者单独使用时的生长抑制率之和更高 ,表现为协同效应 (P <0 .0 0 0 1)。结论　CD /5 FC系统与bcl Xs基因转移联合使用对NUTU 19细胞的生长抑制具有协同作用。     

氟尿苷联用化疗药物对胃癌细胞株的抑制作用观察

目的　利用胃癌细胞株 ,观察脱氧氟尿苷 (FUDR)与常用化疗药物的相互作用。方法　利用MTT法测定FUDR与其它四种化疗药的单药和联合用药对胃癌细胞株的抑制率。结果　单种药物化疗敏感性顺序 :GEM >OXA >MMC >FUDR >5FU >CDDP ;联合用药的敏感性顺序 :CDDP FUDR >MMC FUDR >GEM FUDR >OXA FUDR。除GEM FUDR组CI >1外 ,其它三组的CI <1。除MMC FUDR组DRI<1外 ,其他各组DRI均 >1。三组三种药物联合用药的敏感性相似 ,CI均 <1,DRI均 >1。三种药物联用明显优于两种药物的联合用药。结论　FUDR与MMC或铂类化疗药联用对胃癌细胞株有显著的抑制作用 ,与OXA联用最为理想 ,三药联用优于两药联用     

长期口服VP-16联合顺铂治疗肺癌38例疗效分析

长期低剂量口服ＶＰ－１６（５０ｍｇ／ｍ２／ｄ×２１天）联合静滴ＤＤＰ（２０ｍｇ／ｍ２／ｄ×５天）治疗肺癌病人３８例，其中ＳＣＬＣ２４例，ＣＲ４例，ＰＲ１６例，有效率８３．３％；ＮＳＣＬＣ１４例，ＰＲ５例，有效率３５．７％。平均缓解时间ＳＣＬＣ６个月，ＮＳＣＬＣ６．５个月。毒副作用主要表现为骨髓抑制、脱发和胃肠道反应，其它毒性少见。     

Prosopo-Thoracopagus Conjoined Twins and Other Cephalopagus-Thoracopagus Intermediates: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Prosopo-thoracopagus twins are united from the face down to the umbilicus, none with union in the brain but all with visceral anomalies intermediate between those of cephalopagus and thoracopagus. In a review of over 1200 cases of conjoined twins reported during the past 100 years, there were 14 that illustrate the continuum between cephalopagus and thoracopagus, including three that were united only from the cervical region to the umbilicus. Classic cephalopagus twins are joined from the top of the head to the umbilicus, sharing a single foregut as well as two relatively normal hearts, the “posterior” one often diminished. Typical thoracopagus, however, are conjoined only from the upper thorax to the umbilicus, each twin with a normal foregut but both sharing a single complex multiventricular heart. The intermediate cases shared either a single very abnormal heart or two hearts united by double aortic arches, and all except one had a single foregut. It is these cases intermediate between cephalopagus and thoracopagus which are the subject of this report. Received September 11, 1996; accepted December 16, 1996     

鼻腔嗅神经母细胞瘤11例临床分析

目的 回顾分析鼻腔嗅神经母细胞瘤的放疗疗效.方法 1974～1994年鼻腔嗅神经母细胞瘤11例,其中B期6例,C期5例.单纯放疗6例,术后放疗5例.3例术后无肿瘤肉眼残留者照射剂量D_T45Gy～55Gy/23～28次共4.5～5.5周.其余8例照射剂量D_T均在60Gy/30次共6周以上.3例颈淋巴结转移者照射剂量D_T60Gy～65Gy/30～33次共6～7周.结果 本组病例三、五年生存率分别为55%、36%,单纯放疗组分别为33%、17%,术后放疗组分别为80%、60%.P值0.2727,二组在统计学上无显著差异.全组病例中3例局部复发,2例血行转移.结论 B、C期患者根治性手术加术后放疗为局部控制的较好治疗方案.     

Allosteric effectors of hemoglobin as modulators of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in vitro and in vivo

Introduction: A series of molecules designed to be allosteric effectors of hemoglobin were examined for their potential as radiation sensitizers in vitro and in vivo and for their potential as chemosensitizers in vivo as well as for their antimetastatic effect. Results: At a concentration of 100 μM for 1 h prior to, during and for 1.5 h after radiation exposure, the allosteric effectors decreased the shoulder of the radiation survival curve of normally oxygenated EMT-6 cells and increased the slope of the radiation survival curves of hypoxic EMT-6 cells resulting in dose-modifying factors of 1.8 to 2.1. In vivo the allosteric effectors had antitumor activity against the Lewis lung carcinoma and produced primarily additive tumor growth delay when administered along with fractionated radiation therapy. When administered on days 4 through 18 after tumor implantation, the allosteric effectors, especially JP-7, RSR-13 and RSR-4, were highly effective antimetastatic agents in animals bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. In cell culture, simultaneous exposure to the allosteric effectors (at 100 μM ) effectively sensitized EMT-6 cells to the effects of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, thiotepa and carboplatin. The allosteric effectors were not very cytotoxic toward EMT-6 tumor cells from tumors treated in vivo with single doses of each molecule nor were these agents very cytotoxic toward bone marrow CFU-GM taken from the same animals. Conclusions: It is likely that the allosteric effectors have a molecular target in addition to hemoglobin. Other possible targets include hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase or microsomal cytochrome b₅. Received: 27 June 1997 / Accepted: 8 October 1997     

联合化疗和单纯放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨单纯放射治疗和放射治疗联合化疗在鼻咽癌治疗中的作用.方法:80例经病理证实的鼻咽癌随机分为单纯放疗组(对照组)以及化疗和放射治疗组(综合组)各40例,观察临床疗效.结果:对照组和综合治疗组的总缓解率(CR PR)相近,分别为95.0%、97.5%.综合组的完全缓解率为45.0%,明显高于单放组的32.5%(P<0.05).综合治疗组与单纯放疗组的1年生存率分别为90%、81%(P<0.05),二者生活质量也有明显差异.结论:采用综合治疗晚期鼻咽癌的方法能够提高完全缓解率,并能提高患者近期生存率和改善生活质量.     

中西医结合治疗慢性周围动脉闭塞性疾病

慢性周围动脉闭塞性疾病（PAO）治疗较为棘手。闭塞的血管不易再通，手术适应症范围小，且术后可能再度发生闭塞[1]。因此寻求适合的保守疗法非常重要。我院自1995年3月至1997年3月治疗PAO患者35例，其中23例用中药溶栓灵配合西药前列素E（PGE1）、天普乐欣（UK）治疗，与单纯用西药治疗的12例比较，疗效尚满意，现报道如下。1临床资料根据中国中西医结合研究会周围血管病专业委员会制定的诊断和分期标准[2]，收治35例PAO患者，包括血栓闭塞性脉管炎（TAO）19例，动脉硬化性闭塞（ASO）16例。随机分为两组：①溶栓灵结合PGEI、UK…     

食管癌细胞系中MT-3基因CpG岛甲基化的意义

目的研究食管癌细胞系中MT-3基因CpG岛甲基化与其mRNA表达的关系。方法选取4种食管癌细胞系OE21，OE19，OE33和TE7，经重亚硫酸钠处理后，采用限制性酶切图谱分析(COBRA)和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术，在DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂5-氮2^ -脱氧胞苷(5-aza-CdR)处理前后，对其MT-3基因CpG岛的甲基化情况及mRNA的表达情况进行对比研究。结果4种食管癌细胞系的MT-3基因均存在不同程度的CpG岛超甲基化。经5-aza-CdR处理后，超甲基化状态解除，mRNA的表达水平也较处理前明显提高(P=0.002)。结论食管癌细胞系中MT-3基因CpG岛的超甲基化可抑制其mRNA表达。当其超甲基化解除后，MT-3基因的mRNA表达水平也会相应升高。