Spontaneous rupture of a hepatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma: report of two cases

Hepatobiliary cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas are rare tumors. Differentiating between these tumors and benign hepatic cysts may be difficult. Because of their rarity, diagnosis is often delayed and may result in inaccurate treatment, resulting in unnecessary morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this report is to draw attention to these entities and their complications. We report on two cases with spontaneous rupture of hepatobiliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma cysts, initially treated as simple hepatic cysts by aspiration, or by aspiration combined with sclerotherapy. The spontaneous rupture of the cysts appeared years after the initial treatment of the cysts, leading in one case to a prolonged stay in an intensive care unit. In both cases, a formal liver resection was carried out and microscopic investigations revealed a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and cystadenoma. In conclusion, although hepatobiliary cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas are rare findings, they should not be forgotten in the diagnostic workshop when examining patients with hepatic cysts. If hepatobiliary cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas cannot be excluded following radiological imaging, surgery is recommended.     

Surgical treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures by closed reduction and external fixation. A review of 32 consecutive cases operated

Abstract Complex tibial plateau fractures are a challenge in trauma surgery. In these fractures it is necessary to anatomically reduce the articular part of the fracture and to obtain stable fixation. The aim of this study is to review the results of a surgical technique consisting of fluoroscopic closed reduction and combined percutaneous internal and external fixation. Thirty-two complex tibial plateau fractures in 32 patients were included. Twenty-one fractures were closed, 4 were open Gustilo grade I, 3 were Gustilo grade II and 4 were Gustilo grade III. The mean age was 37.8 years (range 21–64 years). Surgery was performed with patients in transcalcaneal traction and the knee flexed at 30° was used. Through a 1-cm incision centred over the tibial metaphysis of the tibia, a 3.2-mm hole was drilled in the antero-medial tibial aspect. The tibial plateau fracture fragments were elevated using either 1 or 2 curved Kirschner wires under fluoroscopy to control the reduction. Then the fragments were fixed with 2 cannulated AO screws inserted through small incisions into the medial aspect of the tibial plateau. Knee rehabilitation started postoperatively. Weight bearing started after 8–12 weeks depending upon the radiographic appearance. All external fixators were removed in outpatient facilities. All patients were clinically and radiographically evaluated at a mean follow-up of 48 months (range 38–57 months). Clinical results were evaluated according to the Knee Society clinical score. Average healing time was 24 weeks (range 18–29 weeks). In 1 patient a non-union occurred. This patient was treated with open reduction and plate fixation. In 2 patients a varus knee deformity occurred and a surgical correction was performed. There were no surgical complications. Mean knee range of motion was 105° (range 75–125°) and mean Knee Society clinical score was 89. Twenty-five results were scored as excellent, 4 good, 2 fair and 1 poor. Using this technique there is limited soft tissue damage and virtually no periosteum damage to the fracture fragments. However anatomical reconstruction of the joint can be obtained. Furthermore knee rehabilitation can be started immediately after surgery. We think that these factors were responsible for the optimal clinical long-term results.     

Neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon treated with peroneus brevis transfer: A functional assessment of 5 cases

The purpose of this study was to review the clinical results of 5 patients who underwent repair of a chronic Achilles tendon rupture using a combination of peroneus brevis transfer and plantaris tendon augmentation. The technique belongs to the group of local tendon transfer procedures making use of the transferred peroneus brevis tendon as strengthening material together with the plantaris tendon as suturing material. There were 4 males and 1 female with an average age of 49.4 years and an average time to presentation postinjury of 19.8 weeks (range 5-40 wk). All patients underwent Cybex strength testing before and approximately 1 year after surgery. This testing demonstrated a postoperative improvement in peak plantarflexion torque (Newton-meters/body weight) in all cases. The peak torque of plantar flexion increased in all patients (range, 21%-410%). Four patients were found to have an increase of the dorsal flexors peak torque (range, 31%-290%), whereas one patient showed a decrease (-37%). No patient experienced wound closure complications, postoperative pain, or functional limitations. In spite the possibility of residual lateral ankle instability, we found this modification to be a valuable innovation that offers a very good functional result, low morbidity, technical advantages to the surgeon and, most important, a durable and satisfactory result for the patients.     

Treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in geriatric patients with a modified external fixator

Forty-two geriatric patients who had an intertrochanteric fracture were treated with a semicircular modification of the Ilizarov frame designed by Cattaneo and Catagni between January 1997 and September 2001. Twenty-five of the patients were female, 17 male. The average age of the patients was 77.5 years (range, 63-99). No intraoperative complication occurred. Deep pin-track infection was found in four patients and varus deformity was observed in two patients and shortening of less than 2 cm in 10 patients. Fixator removal was achieved in a mean time of 12 weeks (range, 10-18). No implant failure, refracture or stiffness of knee and hip joint movements was recorded. We concluded that the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the elderly patients with our modification provides significant advantages such as minimal operative and anaesthetic risks, no blood loss, early weight-bearing, short hospitalisation time and rapid union time.     

Cardiac tamponade due to intrapericardial rupture of an amebic liver abscess

Pericardial abscess is rare in healthy individuals, especially the amebic type. We report a case of pericardial abscess and cardiac tamponade due to intrapericardial rupture of an amebic liver abscess. A 31-year old Japanese male complained of fever to a local hospital. A liver mass was discovered in his left hepatic lobe by an abdominal echogram. He was referred to the internal department of our hospital and was treated with quinolone antibiotics. Two weeks after medication, he suddenly complained of epigastralgia and severe orthopnea and was admitted. Abdominal computed tomographic scan showed an enlarged liver mass, and massive pericardial effusion suggested cardiac tamponade. He underwent an emergency subxiphoid partial pericardiectomy under local anesthesia. 1,000 ml of light brownish fluid was removed and his condition improved. Although no ameba was cultivated from the pus, the amebic serological test was positive. Metronidazole was administered and the patients was discharged 31 days after surgery.     

CA-125、CA19-9在卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿并发自发性破裂中的临床意义

目的：评价血清CA-125、CA19-9在自发性卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿并发自发性破裂患者中的临床意义。方法：回顾性分析2006年1月-2015年10月于温州医科大学附属第一医院妇科确诊的50例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿并发自发性破裂患者（破裂组）及同期70例未破裂卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者（对照组）的临床病例资料及血清CA-125、CA19-9水平。结果：①破裂组患者血清CA-125与CA19-9水平均较对照组明显升高（P＜0.05）,且CA-125与CA19-9联合检测水平均明显升高（P＜0.05）;②CA-125的受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）值为0.966（95%CI：0.937～0.995）,敏感性和特异性分别为86.8%和95.4%;CA19-9的AUC值为0.939（95%CI：0.884～0.994）,敏感性和特异性分别为93.5%、89.4%,而CA-125、CA19-9联合检测的AUC值为0.992（95%CI：0.981～1.000）,具有更高的敏感性和特异性,分别为99.9%和93.6%;③破裂组囊肿直径为（7.78±3.12）cm,大于对照组的（5.80±1.63）cm（P＜0.05）。结论：自发性卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿破裂患者CA-125以及CA19-9水平均明显升高,联合检测CA-125及CA19-9有助于自发性卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿破裂的早期诊断。     

切开复位与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折效果观察

目的 对比分析切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的效果。方法 选取2015年1月至2018年6月收治的78例股骨干骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,对照组给予切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,比较手术情况、骨折愈合时间、术前及术后6个月HSS评分、术后12个月膝关节功能评价、并发症发生情况、术后12个月综合疗效。结果 观察组术中出血量(165.78±29.34)mL较对照组(451.26±30.02)mL显著减少,骨折愈合时间为(19.36±5.24)周较对照组(31.33±4.48)周显著缩短,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组手术时间无统计学差异(P＞0.05),术前两组HSS评分无统计学差异(P＞0.05),术后两组HSS评分均显著提高,且观察组HSS评分提高更显著(P＜0.05),观察组并发症发生率为5.13%较对照组23.08%显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),术后12个月观察组、对照组综合疗效、膝关节功能优良率分别为94.87%vs87.18%、94.87%vs89.74%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定与闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折疗效相当,但是闭合复位可减轻对患者创伤,缩短骨折愈合时间,降低术后并发症的发生率,促进膝关节功能的恢复,值得在临床上推广。     

心性猝死—4例主动脉瘤破裂的法医病理学鉴定

目的:探讨主动脉瘤破裂猝死的发病特点和病理学基础,为临床医师提供帮助。方法:对本系2002年12月至2006年l2月期间,所作450例法医病理检案的4例主动脉瘤破裂猝死案例进行分析研究。结果:4例主动脉瘤破裂致死占尸体解剖总数的0.89%,占SCD的4.1%,其中,DAA3例;2例DAA与AS有关。结论:主动脉瘤破裂病程短骤、凶险,是心性猝死的病因之一,早期症状与冠心病酷似,且病死率极高,因此应引起临床医师的高度重视,提高诊治水平。     

羊水葡萄糖及白介素-6在胎膜早破中的意义

目的 探讨胎膜早破患者羊水中葡萄及白介素－6(IL－6）含量与宫内感染的关系。方法 随机选择1994－1999年70例无妊娠并发症的胎膜早破的患者,在B超引导下,经腹行羊膜腔内穿刺,抽取羊水,用葡萄糖氧化酶方法测定水中葡萄糖,用酶联免疫方法测定IL－6含量。结果 胎膜早破并宫内感染者,羊水葡萄糖含量明显下降,IL－6含量则明显增高,当羊水葡萄糖含量≤0．55mmol/L,IL-6含量≥315ng/L时,预测宫内感染的敏感性100％,特异性＞80．00％。结论 胎膜早破患者,测定羊水葡萄糖及IL－6含量,能早期快速预测宫内感染。     

Diagnosis and treatment of bronchial rupture from blunt thoracic trauma

目的　探讨外伤性支气管断裂的诊断与治疗。方法　回顾性分析 196 9年 6月— 1999年 6月我院收治的 31例外伤性支气管断裂的患者 ,全部行胸部X线摄片、支气管断层、支气管镜检查。并对其外科治疗和并发症进行探讨。结果　通过支气管断层、支气管镜检查全部得到明确诊断。 2 6例施行端端吻合术 ,4例施行全肺切除术 ,1例用带血管蒂的肋间肌、肋骨瓣修补破裂成功。 1例术后死于呼吸困难综合症 ,其余 30例效果满意。本给 81% (2 5 31)为延迟诊断与治疗。典型临床表现有 :皮下气肿、呼吸困难、伤后昏迷间期。X线表现 :纵隔气肿、气胸、萎陷肺下垂症、肺的阴影增宽。结论　支气管镜是最实用、最准确的诊断与治疗方法。术中使用支气管镜可较容易地找到支气管破裂处。术后肺功能恢复良好