AdEasy1／Cbfa1诱导间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的实验研究

目的：观察核心结合因子a1（Cbfa1）对兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）向成骨细胞分化的诱导作用。方法：体外分离培养兔骨髓MSCs，用AdEasy1／Cbfa1。转染MSCs，在转染后3d,1、2、3和4周时，组织化学和免疫组化等方法检测成骨标志碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素的表达。结果：AdEasy1／Cbfa1转染后的兔骨髓MSCs表现出与成骨细胞相似的形态，并且表达碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素。结论：Cbfa1可诱导兔骨髓MSCs向成骨细胞分化。     

The efficacy and safety of laparoscopic nephrectomy in patients with three or more comorbidities

OBJECTIVES: Laparoscopic surgery for kidney treatment is a common procedure. However, the efficacy of this procedure in patients with several comorbidities has not been well investigated. We conducted a retrospective comparison of results of laparoscopic surgery between patients with several comorbidities and patients with no comorbidity to access the efficacy and safety of this procedure. METHODS: The subjects were 20 patients with three or more comorbidities (group A) and 46 patients with less than three comorbidities (group B). These 66 patients were 48 men and 18 women with a mean age of 62.3 years (age range, 24-83 years). The data from these two groups were compared for American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status score, previous surgical history, duration of surgery, estimated blood loss, tumor size, complications during and after surgery, conversion rates, time to oral intake, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The initial ASA score and age were significantly higher for the patients with comorbidities (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0008, respectively). All other variables before, during, and after surgery were similar for both laparoscopic groups. However, the incidence of atelectasis of laparoscopy was higher than that of open surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic nephrectomy for patients with comorbidities is safe and minimally invasive. Further investigation to prevent atelectasis is necessary.     

Impact of unilateral interposition sural nerve graft on the recovery of sexual function after radical prostatectomy in Japanese men: A preliminary study

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an interposition nerve graft on sexual function after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: This study includes 64 patients, without hormonal therapy, who underwent a radical prostatectomy and intraoperative electrophysiological confirmation of cavernous nerve preservation. Twelve patients underwent a unilateral interposition sural nerve graft (UNG) for the resected neurovascular bundle. Twenty-one and 31 patients underwent bilateral nerve-sparing (BNS) and unilateral nerve-sparing (UNS) surgery without a nerve graft, respectively. As the age of patients was significantly younger in the UNG group than in the other groups, age-matched analysis also was conducted. Sexual function, evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire using the University of California Los Angeles-Prostate Cancer Index, was compared statistically among the three groups. RESULTS: In the age-matched analysis, the postoperative sexual function (SXF) score of the UNG group showed an intermediate level of recovery between those of the BNS and UNS groups at 12 months and reached the same level as the score at 12 months of the BNS group at 18 months postoperatively. The difference in the SXF score between the UNG and UNS groups began to appear after 6 months postoperatively and increased steadily with time. However, the background factors, such as the baseline SXF score, the usage rate of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, and the rate of comorbidities were different between the UNG and UNS groups. CONCLUSIONS: The difference of the SXF score between the UNG and UNS groups increased with time after 6 months postoperatively. However, it might be difficult at present to attribute a better recovery of the SXF score to the nerve graft because of the difference in the background factors between the groups.     

烟叶硒蛋白对人红细胞的辐射溶血及自由基的作用

本文观察了烟叶硒蛋白对人红细胞６０Ｃｏγ照射溶血的影响，发现硒蛋白对红细胞γ照射溶血有极好的预防效果，同时采用电子自旋共振法（ＥＳＲ）发现硒蛋白对羟自由基有明显的清除作用，并具有明显的剂量－效应关系，在相同浓度下具有优于亚硒酸钠及不含硒的同类蛋白的作用，提示硒蛋白有更好的生物效应。     

大鼠气管上皮细胞体内—体外转化模型的研究

本研究建立了大鼠气管上皮细胞体内－体外转化模型，大鼠气管内滴注苯并芘，三天后处死大鼠，消化气管上皮细胞，接种于无血清完全培养基。细胞形成集落后，换为选择培养基继续培养五周，统计转化率。结果显示，２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的苯并芘可诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化及微核增加，用同样方法研究了煤焦沥青提取物，结果表明，剂量为８ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ的煤焦沥青提取物能明显诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化。     

从自由基生物学角度评价鸡肉质量的实验研究

本文把外观健康和非健康的活鸡各20只分成两组,宰后测其肝、腿肌中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)水平,发现两组中上述指标值差异显著(P<0.050 ;同时对两组实验鸡胴体在宰后4小时做了感官鉴别,也判断出其品质存在差异。提示体内SOD活性和MDA水平可以反映鸡肉质量,比感官鉴别更具敏感性,同时也可以反映宰前鸡的健康状况。     

SOD-like Activity of Copper Salicylate Complex in Tween Micel-lar Systems

合成了水杨酸铜络合物并分析了其组成，提纯了Ｔｗｅｅｎ－２０，－４０，－６０，－８０，并测定了它们在ｐＨ７．４的磷酸缓冲液中的ＣＭＣ。用Ｃｙｔ．ｃ还原法分别测定了水杨酸铜络合物在不同介质中的ＳＯＤ样活性。详细研究了表面活性剂与水杨酸铜络合物协同清除Ｏ－２的作用。观察到在胶束体系中水杨酸铜络合物的ＳＯＤ样活性明显高于缓冲液体系无表面活性剂时的ＳＯＤ样活性，表面活性剂本身也具有清除Ｏ－２的功能。抗红细胞膜脂质过氧化实验也得到类似结果。这可用胶束催化解释。水杨酸铜－Ｔｗｅｅｎ体系可能是一种潜在的抗炎药物。     

High resolution electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of biological samples with a single line paramagnetic label

The application of electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) to obtain information from biological samples has been limited by the lack of ideal single line radical labels. The commonly used nitroxides exhibit multiple lines causing either hyperfine-based limitations in the maximum obtainable image resolution or hyperfine-based artifacts in the reconstructed image. The use of a novel single-line triarylmethyl paramagnetic label that enables marked enhancement in image quality and resolution is reported. This label exhibits a single line EPR spectrum that is sharp (linewidth ～60 mG in the absence of oxygen) and relatively stable in tissues. The potential of this label in enabling high resolution EPR imaging of biological samples was demonstrated in a series of phantoms and isolated biological organs such as the rat kidney. The images demonstrate that resolutions better than 100 μm could be obtained at L-band on samples of up to 20 mm in size.     

深低温停循环逆行脑灌注脑组织自由基变化的实验研究

研究深低温停循环（ＤＨＣＡ）与逆行脑灌注（ＲＣＰ）时脑组织自由基的变化。健康杂种犬１４只，随机等分为ＤＨＣＡ组和ＲＣＰ组，在停循环前（Ａ点）、ＤＨＣＡ／ＲＣＰ３０分（Ｂ点）、ＤＨＣＡ／ＲＣＰ６０分（Ｃ点）ＤＨＣＡ／ＲＣＰ９０分（Ｄ眯）和复温再灌注３０分（Ｅ点）取脑皮层ｌｇ，检测丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）水平。结果见两组在Ａ点ＭＤＡ和ＳＯＤ无差别。在Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ点，ＤＨＣＡ组ＭＤＡ