三种不同病因不孕症患者黄体血肿发生情况比较

目的 :比较 3种不同病因的不孕症患者黄体血肿的发生情况。方法 :回顾性分析了行排卵监测的不孕妇女2 4 0例 ,根据其不孕病因分为 3组 ,子宫内膜异位症组 77例 ,慢性盆腔炎组 (盆腔粘连、结核 ) 4 8例 ,对照组 (女方无明显异常的不孕妇女 ) 115例。比较此 3组患者的黄体血肿发生情况。结果 :子宫内膜异位症组、慢性盆腔炎组、对照组黄体血肿发病率分别为 2 7.2 %、16 .7%、0 .87% ,前两组高于第 3组 ,差异具有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。子宫内膜异位症组黄体血肿发生率高于慢性盆腔炎组 ,但差异无显著性。子宫内膜异位症组与慢性盆腔炎组黄体血肿的直径、黄体血肿形成前卵泡的直径差异无显著性。结论 :子宫内膜异位症和慢性盆腔炎患者黄体血肿的发生率较高 ,诊断为子宫内膜异位症或慢性盆腔炎 (盆腔粘连或结核 )的不孕患者 ,如排卵监测时出现黄体血肿 ,可作为选择腹腔镜检查与手术的参考因素之一。     

Chronic subdural haematomas in patients aged under 50

The clinical findings in 31 patients with chronic subdural haematoma (CSH), aged between 20 and 50, are described. Aetiopathogenetic factors responsible for the formation of CSH match those of patients aged over 50 with CSH. A history of cranial trauma was present in 77% of the cases. In the remaining patients, a defect of haemostatic mechanisms was responsible for the subdural blood collection. On the computed tomography (CT) the haematoma generally appears as a thin subdural layer. The reliability of magnetic resonance imaging for detection of CSH makes it the most desirable investigation in such patients. Prognosis is influenced by preoperative clinical status and by the disease responsible for the formation of CSH.     

移植前使用α干扰素对慢性粒细胞白血病患者非亲缘异基因骨髓移植预后的影响

目的 了解α干扰素（IFN—α）在移植前使用对慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）患者非亲缘异基因骨髓移植（URD—BMT）预后的影响。方法 分析总结行URD—BMT的CML第1次慢性期（CP1）患者53例，其中BMT前未用IFN—α治疗组23例，用IFN—α治疗组30例；其中疗程≤12个月22例，〉12个月8例。采用单因素分析和Cox比例风险模型分析移植前使用IFN—α对CML患者URD—BMT后植入效果、急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）发生及患者5年存活率的影响。结果 经Cox模型多元回归分析，患者年龄、性别、确诊至URD—BMT的时间、停IFN—α距URD—BMT时间对生存率无影响；各组的总生存率、无病生存率、非复发死亡率、植活率、复发率、植入失败率、急性GVHD和慢性GVHD发生率差异均无统计学意义均（P〉0．05）。结论 本文资料所列条件下，移植前使用IFN—α不会对URD—BMT产生不利影响。     

纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1与不稳定心绞痛的关系

目的:探讨纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)血浆抗原水平及其基因启动子-844G→A多态性与不稳定心绞痛(UAP)的关系。方法:UAP患者121例(UAP组)和冠状动脉造影正常者108例(对照组),以ELISA法测定其血浆PAI-1抗原水平。PCR扩增特定DNA片段,XhoI酶切和琼脂糖电泳确定基因型。结果:UAP组血浆PAI-1抗原水平为(68.15±45.29)μg/L,显著高于对照组的(53.39±20.62)μg/L(P<0.01)。血浆PAI-1抗原水平与冠状动脉病变支数呈正相关(r=0.139熏P<0.05),与血糖(Glu)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)正相关,r分别为0.147,0.151,0.144(P<0.05)。AA、AG、GG3种基因型在2组间分布差别无统计学意义,但A等位基因与较高的血浆PAI-1抗原水平有关。UAP组AA及AG基因型者血浆PAI-1抗原水平显著高于对照组。结论:PAI-1基因启动子-844G→A基因多态性与UAP无关,但A等位基因携带者存在较高的PAI-1血浆抗原水平。     

Risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma incidence using a fibrosis-4-based prediction model in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving antiviral therapy: a nationwide real-world Taiwanese cohort study

A total of 1,589 patients who had received interferon-based treatment were enrolled and analyzed for the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a real-world nationwide Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C cohort (T-COACH). We aimed to stratify HCC risk by non-invasive fibrosis index-based risk model. Of 1589 patients, 1363 (85.8%) patients achieved sustained virological response (SVR). Patients with SVR had 1, 3, 5 and 10-year cumulative HCC incidence rates of 0.55%, 1.87%, 3.48% and 8.35%, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards model revealed that non-SVR (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.12, p = 0.008), diabetes mellitus (aHR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.25-3.55, p = 0.005), and fibrosis (FIB)-4 at the end of follow-up (EOF; aHR: 5.60, 95% CI: 2.97-10.57, p < 0.0001) were independent predictors of HCC. Risk score models based on the three predictors were developed to predict HCC according to aHR. In model 1, the 10-year cumulative incidence rates of HCC were 43.35% in patients at high risk (score 9-10), 25.48% in those at intermediate risk (score 6-8), and 4.06% in those at low risk (score 3-5) of HCC. In model 2, the 10-year cumulative incidence rates of HCC were 39.64% in patients at high risk (at least two risk predictors), 19.12% in those at intermediate risk (with one risk predictor), and 2.52% in those at low risk (without any risk predictors) of HCC. The FIB-4-based prediction model at EOF could help stratify the risk of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis C after antiviral treatment.     

丹参酮对不稳定性心绞痛患者炎症因子的影响

目的探讨中药制剂丹参酮注射液对冠心病不稳定性心绞痛血清多种炎症因子水平的影响。方法将入选的病人随机分为丹参酮组和对照组,ELISA法测定各组患者入院时和治疗7天后血清p-selectin、hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1水平。结果丹参酮治疗7天后患者血清p-selectin、hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1的水平显著低于对照组。结论丹参酮注射液能显著降低不稳定性心绞痛患者血清多种炎症因子水平,这可能是其产生治疗作用的机制之一。     

美常安治疗慢性腹泻112例的疗效观察

目的 观察美常安对慢性腹泻患者的治疗效果.方法 顺序随机取本院消化门诊诊断为慢性腹泻的患者112例,列人治疗组,接受美常安治疗.不分病因,治疗组给予美常安0.5g,3次/天,2周为一疗程.观察期间记录治疗前及治疗后腹泻症状缓解的情况.主要观察大便性状和每天大便次数的变化.结果 治疗1～2周后,慢性腹泻症状显著改善.治疗组总治愈率达91.96%,总有效率97.32%,无不良反应发生.对照组总治愈率为63.39%,总有效率为86.6%,二者显著差异.结论 美常安治疗慢性腹泻疗效确切,病人治疗依从性好,值得临床应用推广.     

慢性胃炎的中西医结合治疗

目的 慢性胃炎的中西药应对策略性研究.方法 采取随机分为治疗组50例、对照组45例,分别用不同的给药方法 观察其治疗效果.结果 治疗组总有效率为88%,对照组总有效率为59.9%.两组经统计学处理有显著性差异(P＞0.01).结论 改变给药方法 ,采取中西药结合治疗慢性胃炎症状改善较单纯西药更明显,疗效更巩固.     

继续教育对基层医务人员有关慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关认知的影响研究

目的了解基层医务人员对慢性阻塞性肺疾病的认知、过去一年继续教育情况及继续教育对慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关认知的影响。方法选取2019年10月1—31日2372名来自社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院和村卫生室的医务人员自愿在线填写了调查问卷,内容包括个人基本特征,对慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素和诊断的认知及继续教育情况。结果基层医务人员熟知吸烟、二手烟、长期呼吸道疾病史、室外空气污染和职业性粉尘等危险因素,但是对室内空气污染和遗传因素认知不足,并且仍有12.1%的基层医务人员知晓吸烟是危险因素,但正在吸烟或戒烟6个月以内。80%的调查对象知道肺功能是诊断慢性阻塞性肺疾病的金标准,但仅60.7%的调查对象能正确判读肺功能结果。过去一年中仅44.3%的基层医务人员接受了相关继续教育。继续教育对提升基层医务人员慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素和诊断相关认知的影响差异有显著性(OR=1.524,95%CI 1.289～1.802;OR=1.528,95%CI 1.289～1.812)。结论加大继续教育的惠及范围,有针对性地加强基层医务人员对室内空气污染和遗传因素的认知,同时在基层配备肺功能仪的前提下,开展以实操...     

Dopamine receptor D2 regulates GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking and central sensitization through the PI3K signaling pathway in a male rat model of chronic migraine

BackgroundThe pathogenesis of chronic migraine remains unresolved. Recent studies have affirmed the contribution of GLUA1-containing AMPA receptors to chronic migraine. The dopamine D2 receptor, a member of G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been proven to have an analgesic effect on pathological headaches. The present work investigated the exact role of the dopamine D2 receptor in chronic migraine and its effect on GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking.MethodsA chronic migraine model was established by repeated inflammatory soup stimulation. Mechanical, periorbital, and thermal pain thresholds were assessed by the application of von Frey filaments and radiant heat. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the dopamine D2 receptor were analyzed by qRT‒PCR and western blotting. Colocalization of the dopamine D2 receptor and the GLUA1-containing AMPAR was observed by immunofluorescence. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist (quinpirole) and antagonist (sulpiride), a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), a PI3K pathway agonist (740YP), and a GLUA1-containing AMPAR antagonist (NASPM) were administered to confirm the effects of the dopamine D2 receptor, the PI3K pathway and GULA1 on central sensitization and the GLUA1-containing AMPAR trafficking. Transmission electron microscopy and Golgi-Cox staining were applied to assess the impact of the dopamine D2 receptor and PI3K pathway on synaptic morphology. Fluo-4-AM was used to clarify the role of the dopamine D2 receptor and PI3K signaling on neuronal calcium influx. The Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor PP2 was used to explore the effect of Src kinase on GLUA1-containing AMPAR trafficking and the PI3K signaling pathway.ResultsInflammatory soup stimulation significantly reduced pain thresholds in rats, accompanied by an increase in PI3K-P110β subunit expression, loss of dopamine receptor D2 expression, and enhanced GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The dopamine D2 receptor colocalized with the GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor in the TNC; quinpirole, LY294002, and NASPM alleviated pain hypersensitivity and reduced GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking in chronic migraine rats. Sulpiride aggravated pain hypersensitivity and enhanced GLUA1 trafficking in CM rats. Importantly, the anti-injury and central sensitization-mitigating effects of quinpirole were reversed by 740YP. Both quinpirole and LY294002 inhibited calcium influx to neurons and modulated the synaptic morphology in the TNC. Additional results suggested that DRD2 may regulate PI3K signaling through Src family kinases.ConclusionModulation of GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking and central sensitization by the dopamine D2 receptor via the PI3K signaling pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic migraine in rats, and the dopamine D2 receptor could be a valuable candidate for chronic migraine treatment.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10194-022-01469-x.