缺氧缺血性脑病新生鼠补钙前后脑细胞,红细胞内外钙的变化

为了观察一般剂量补钙对缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）脑细胞和红细胞内外钙变化的影响，以探讨ＨＩＥ时补钙是否增加脑细胞钙超载，用ＨＩＥ新生动物模型进行了实验研究，结果表明：（１）缺氧缺血时红细胞、脑细胞及脑组织出现钙积聚；（２）补钙后，血浆总钙浓度明显升高，而脑细胞、脑组织及红细胞钙积聚并未加重；（３）血浆总钙浓度与脑细胞或红细胞胞浆游离钙离子浓度无相关关系。提示：（１）ＨＩＥ时钙内流可能是全身性的；（２）对ＨＩＥ并低钙血症患儿吸氧后一般剂量补钙可能是安全的。     

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

采用结扎双侧颈总动脉后再通的方法复制大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤模型，通过测定再灌注后大鼠海马组织中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ），超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ）及ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性，观察了有机锗─羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（ＣＧＳ）对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后大鼠海马组织中ＭＤＡ水平，明显保护ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ─Ｐｘ、Ｎａ＋Ｋ＋─ＡＴＰａｓｅ及Ｃａ２＋─ＡＴ─Ｐａｓｅ活性。表明ＣＧＳ对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

Statistical analysis of gait patterns of persons with cerebral palsy

Patients at Boston's Children's Hospital diagnosed as having cerebral palsy were filmed walking. These films were digitized and translated into measurements associated with leg motion. In this paper we use the gait measurements of 128 such patients to illustrate that the kth nearest neighbour clustering procedure results in a gait typology for patients with cerebral palsy. The procedure identifies four subpopulations from the sample data; the membership of a patient within this typology is mostly determined by the patient's motor control. The developed typology differs from the present diagnostic system which classifies a cerebral palsy patient as either quadriplegic, diaplegic or hemiplegic.     

老年脑梗死患者急性期血小板活化功能定量检测

目的 :探讨老年脑梗死患者外周血中血小板膜糖蛋白变化的临床意义。　方法 :应用流式细胞术检测了 6 8例急性期老年脑梗死患者外周血血小板活化分子标记物CD4 1、CD6 2p和CD6 3的含量水平 ,与 4 2例正常老年人对照 ;并对脑梗死组病灶大小、梗死部位、病情分级等与血小板活化分子表达的变化进行分析 ,应用统计学进行处理。　结果 :急性期脑梗死患者血小板粘附分子CD4 1、CD6 2 p和CD6 3的表达水平显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,且与梗死灶大小及病情分级密切相关 ,与梗死部位无关。　结论 :老年脑梗死患者急性期外周血血小板活化功能明显增强 ,为早期应用抗血小板聚集药物的治疗提供了实验依据     

Increased occurrence of free immunoglobulin light chains in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection

The presence of free immunoglobulin light chains (FLCs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera of patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, multiple sclerosis (MS), and neurologically healthy control individuals was investigated by paying special attention to ensure that only truly free light chains would be detected. The FLCs were extracted by specifically binding them to Sepharose-coupled anti-FLC monoclonal antibodies, and thereafter they were electrophoresed and immunoblotted with monoclonal antibodies to both light chain (LC) isotypes. A frequent occurrence of kappa and lambda FLCs was found in both CSF and sera of HIV-1 infected patients. In HIV-1 infection and in MS, the frequency of FLCs of the CSF was equal. In healthy controls, only occasional weak FLCs were observed in either CSF or serum. FLC bands of the CSF from patients with HIV-1 infection tended to be more intensive than those of the appropriately diluted sera. Both intrathecal synthesis of FLCs and their transudation from sera through the impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) may contribute to this. Increasing severity of general HIV-1 infection was accompanied by an increase of FLC intensity in sera. A qualitative demonstration of FLC in the CSF may be meaningful only in the absence of altered BBB function.     

Sensory axonopathy in hereditary distal spinal muscular atrophy

A girl of 14 year is presented with a distal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) with autosomal recessive inheritance. The technical findings are in agreement with the diagnosis. Light microscopical examination of sural nerve biopsy, including teased fiber studies and morphometry, showed no abnormalities. Electron microscopical investigation however demonstrated axonal pathology. The question arises if distal SMA is a distal axonopathy mainly of motor nerves, but to some extent also of sensory nerves.     

Cortical circumferential profile of SPECT cerebral perfusion in Alzheimer''s disease

We developed a semiautomatic method termed “cortical circumferential profiling” for objective analysis of cerebral cortex function in emission tomographic neuroimaging studies. This method treats cortex as a continuous ring near the outer brain edge. A computer algorithm samples the cortex at 60 contiguous, equiangular locations, using 1-cm² samples. These values are plotted as a function of cortical angle to produce the cortical circumferential profile. This method was used in a study of regional cerebral perfusion in 15 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 8 elderly control subjects using N-isopropyl [I-123]-iodoamphetamine. Cortical circumferential profiling decreases variability, examines the entire cortex within slices at preselected levels above the orbital-meatal line, and facilitates intrasubject and intersubject comparisons.     

Percutaneous management of lymphatic fluid collections

Eight lymphatic fluid collections were drained percutaneously. There were no immediate or late complications. Seven patients had follow-up; 1 required surgical drainage of a residual or recurrent lymphocele, and another had reaccumulated fluid in a lymphocele which was detected on autopsy. The remaining lymphatic collections responded to percutaneous drainage. Percutaneous drainage is safe and can be an effective tool in the management of lymphatic collections.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的:探讨载脂蛋白E(apo E)外显子4基因多态性与湖北汉族人脑梗死的关系。方法:分别采用聚合酶涟反应(PCR)结合限制性片段长度多态性方法检测apo E基因多态性。结果:脑梗死apo E外显子4基因多态性与正常对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:apo E外显子4基因可能是汉族人脑梗死的遗传危险因素。     

Effect of Coenzyme Q10 and green tea on plasma and liver lipids, platelet aggregation, TBARS production and erythrocyte Na leak in simvastatin treated hypercholesterolmic rats

This study was conducted to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effect of simvastatin (30 mg/kg BW) and antioxidant effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, 15 mg/kg BW) or green tea (5%) on erythrocyte Na leak, platelet aggregation and TBARS production in hypercholesterolemic rats treated with statin. Food efficiency ratio (FER, ADG/ADFI) was decreased in statin group and increased in green tea group, and the difference between these two groups was significant (p<0.05). Plasma total cholesterol was somewhat increased in all groups with statin compared with control. Plasma triglyceride was decreased in statin group and increased in groups of CoQ10 and green tea, and the difference between groups of statin and green tea was significant (p<0.05). Liver total cholesterol was not different between the control and statin group, but was significantly decreased in the group with green tea compared with other groups (p<0.05). Liver triglyceride was decreased in groups of statin and green tea compared with the control, and the difference between groups of the control and green tea was significant (p<0.05). Platelet aggregation of both the initial slope and the maximum was not significantly different, but the group with green tea tended to be higher in initial slope and lower in the maximum. Intracellular Na of group with green tea was significantly higher than the control or statin group (p<0.05). Na leak in intact cells was significantly decreased in the statin group compared with the control (p<0.05). Na leak in AAPH treated cells was also significantly reduced in the statin group compared with groups of the control and CoQ10 (p<0.05). TBARS production in platelet rich plasma was significantly decreased in the groups with CoQ10 and green tea compared with the control and statin groups (p<0.05). TBARS of liver was significantly decreased in the group with green tea compared with the statin group (p<0.05). In the present study, even a high dose of statin did not show a cholesterol lowering effect, therefore depletion of CoQ10 following statin treatment in rats is not clear. More clinical studies are needed for therapeutic use of CoQ10 as an antioxidant in prevention of degenerative diseases independent of statin therapy.