头颈部恶性肿瘤累及颈动脉的治疗(附3例报告)

报告３例头颈部恶性肿瘤颈部转移累及颈动脉,术中保留预动脉,术后４～６ｄ颈动脉破裂大出血。分析原因为伤口感染和颈动脉已被肿瘤浸润所致,提示受肿瘤侵犯的颈动脉不宜保留。     

肝切除治疗原发性肝癌101例

目的：复习原发性肝癌肿切除术的手术指征、手术方法和治疗效果。方法：回顾总结1992～1997年间101例原发性肝癌行肝切除术资料,对其中76例有完整随访资料的进行了分析。结果：无手术死亡,术后1,2,3,4,5年生存率分别为78．8％、60．0％、34．4％、28．0％、23．8％。结论：肝切除术是治疗原发性肝癌的首选方法,其成败的关键在于手术前对肝切除可行性的判断、手术方式的选择以及术中和术后的处理。     

Cholinergic-drug induced sicca syndrome in Parkinson's disease: a case report and a review of the literature

A 67-year-old woman developed severe sicca manifestations after initial treatment of Parkinson’s disease with an anti-cholinergic drug, which prompted us to look for the presence of Sjögren’s syndrome. The results of sialography, labial salivary gland biopsy, Rose–Bengal test as well as the presence of antinuclear antibody were consistent with the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome. The sicca symptoms diminished by cessation of the anti-cholinergic drug, and the parkinsonian features were controlled by levodopa. We suggest that Sjögren’s syndrome should be considered, if patients with Parkinson’s disease complain severe xerostomia.     

体质指数与非吸烟女性肺癌关系的病例对照研究

研究分析体质指数与非吸烟女性肺癌的关系。方法１９９２年２月至１９９３年１２月,上海地区开展的一项大规模女性肺癌人群基础上的病例对照研究,共调查了非吸烟女性肺癌病例５０４例及人群对照６０１例。     

Outbreak of cholera in Ibadan, Nigeria

The changing epidemiology of cholera in Ibadan, Nigeria, has become a public health challenge, and outbreaks of the disease have been occurring with increasing frequency since the first outbreak in modern times in 1970. In this outbreak, 1384 persons were seen, diagnosed and treated for the disease at the cholera unit, Ibadan from January to December 1996. The outbreak lasted for a whole year. No child under one year was seen. The age adjusted case fatality rate was 5.3%. Diarrhoea and vomiting were the most common combination of symptoms present in 97.3% of all cases, followed by diarrhoea, vomiting and dehydration (84.3%). The median number of days spent on admission was only 2 days. Cholera cases were clustered within the densely populated and poorly planned areas of the city. Though significantly more cases were seen during the rainy season than during the dry season (p < 0.01), the deaths were not seasonally related (p = 0.67). Contamination of otherwise potable sources of water, late presentation to the cholera treatment unit and low levels of knowledge about diseases need to be addressed in order to effectively control this disease in the community. Progress should also be made towards developing a suitable vaccine for the control of this internationally important public health disease so that the responsibility of its control is not left entirely to individuals and communities, particularly in developing countries.     

孕早期精神受刺激对出生儿单纯性先心病发病的影响

利用浙江省１３个市县０～２岁儿童先心病普查发现的单纯型先心病病例,采用１∶１配比病例对照研究,调查了３５１对先心病患儿和正常对照的父母孕期前后有关暴露情况。单因素及条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归结果显示,母亲孕早期精神受刺激可能增加先心病发病危险。结果提示：为减少先心病发病危险,孕早期应合理调整自己的心理状态,保持心情愉快。     

吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒感染危险因素的研究

采用病例对照的研究方法,对广州市５３１名吸毒人员进行丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染危险因素的调查,资料采用Ｌｏ－ｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归方法分析。结果表明：静脉吸毒（ＯＲ＝６．６８,Ｐ＜０．００１）,非固定婚外性伴侣（ＯＲ＝３．７１,Ｐ＜０．００１）,输液史（ＯＲ＝２．６４,Ｐ＜０．０１）和抗－ＨＢｃ阳性（ＯＲ＝１．７４,Ｐ＜０．０５）是ＨＣＶ感染独立的危险因素,而在性生活中使用避孕套（ＯＲ＝０．３７,Ｐ＜０．００５）是保护因素。提示广州市吸毒人群ＨＣＶ感染的主要途径是血液传播,同时性传播途径也起着重要的作用。     

散发性甲型肝炎发病危险因素的病例对照研究

以浙江省嘉兴市１９９６ 年的１０３ 例确诊的甲肝散发病人为研究对象,进行１∶１ 配比的病例对照研究,用条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型进行多因素分析得出甲肝发病的危险因素。按ＯＲ值由大到小排列依次是：接触甲肝病人、在外就餐、家庭收支状况差、就餐点卫生条件差、家庭卫生设施差。建议对其中的某些可干预因素采取针对性的预防措施     

广州市原发性肝癌的病因流行病学调查

为了调查广州市原发性肝癌（PHC）的病因因素，本研究对100例原发性肝癌作了病例对照研究。单因素分析表明，HBV感染与PHC关系最密切。此外，HCV感染、社会心理因素、肝炎家族史、单独厨房及抽油烟机的缺乏、食鱼生食物可能与PHC的发生有关。logistic多因素分析表明，HBV感染、HCV感染、负性事件、单独厨房、食鱼生食物与广州地区PHC的发生有关。值得注意的是以上因素间的协同作用，尤以HBV与其他因素间的协同作用更为明显。     

儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位的损伤机制及治疗手法的探讨

总结了儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位９４例患者，利用回旋或折顶手法复位小夹板外固定，经８个月～５年的随访观察，效果满意。观察认为，扭转应力及成角应力皆可导致此类损伤，但不同创伤机制所导致的此类损伤的具体解剖不同，必须逆损伤机制，采取相应的手法复位才能获得满意的疗效。建议把儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位作为桡尺骨骨折的一种特殊类型独立出来，以引起重视，便于治疗