手术治疗拇指腕掌关节骨性关节炎的系统评价

目的系统评价不同手术方法治疗拇指腕掌关节骨性关节炎的疗效和安全性。方法计算机检索MEDLINE(1966-2005)、Cochrane图书馆临床对照试验注册资料库(2005年第3期)和中国生物医学文献数据库(1978-2005), 手检所获资料的参考文献,收集所有相关的随机对照试验,并对其方法学质量进行评价,而后进行Meta分析及定性分析。结果共纳入7个随机对照试验(RCT),且均有不同程度的方法学缺陷。目前的证据显示,大多角骨切除、韧带重建、肌腱间置术(LRTI)与单纯大多角骨切除术的近期效果．包括疼痛缓解、握力、拇指捏力、活动度、手的功能及患者满意度方面,差异均无统计学意义,但LRTI术后并发症发生率高于单纯大多角骨切除术。关于LRTI与单纯大多角骨切除术相比是否可以减少掌骨下沉,以及成形关节间隙是否与拇指力量相关,目前仅有混杂证据。有中等质量的证据表明,在拇指力量、患者满意度和第一掌骨下沉方面．LRTI 的效果与大多角骨切除、韧带重建术(LR)相似;有有限证据表明,LR术后手功能评分好于LRTI,而两者缓解疼痛的效果相似;有混杂证据支持LR术后拇指活动度好于LRTI。仅有有限证据表明LIRI与Swanson硅橡胶假体植入术的效果相似。尚缺乏关于其他手术方法,如掌骨截骨术、关节融合术、人工关节置换术的随机对照试验。结论尚无证据支持某一种手术方法的效果优于其他方法。需要更多高质量 RCT和更长的随访时间做进一步研究。     

拇指腕掌关节囊和韧带的形态特点及其临床意义

目的：为拇指腕掌关节损伤修复与功能重建提供形态学基础。方法：福尔马林固定的成人尸体上肢标本20例（40侧），解剖观察关节囊及其韧带的起止和附着部位，新鲜成人尸体手标本3例（6侧）制成生物塑化连续断面薄片，观察韧带纤维形态、方向。结果：关节囊背侧厚而紧张，掌侧薄而松驰，周围有后斜韧带、前斜韧带、背桡侧韧带、掌侧韧带和掌骨间韧带，背桡侧韧带粗壮。结论：修复和重建关节周围韧带对拇指腕掌关节的稳定有重要作用。     

拇指腕掌关节周围韧带的解剖学分析

目的　解剖拇指腕掌关节周围各条韧带及观察其组织形态学特征,探讨其在拇指腕掌关节稳定性中的作用。 方法　采用大体解剖学方法对10例新鲜冰冻手标本进行解剖,识别拇指腕掌关节周围韧带的连接部位与方向性,对韧带的宽度、长度、厚度进行形态学对比分析。并组织学观察拇指腕掌关节背侧和掌侧韧带细胞数。 结果　确定拇指腕掌关节周围存在7条主要韧带：即由3条背侧韧带（桡背侧韧带、背侧中央韧带、后斜韧带）组成的复合体,厚度分别为(1.24±0.12)、(1.91±0.15)、(1.61±0.12) mm。2条掌侧韧带（前斜韧带、尺侧副韧带）,厚度分别为(0.78±0.11) mm、 (1.03±0.11) mm。2条尺侧韧带（大多角骨-第1掌骨背侧韧带,第1、2掌骨间韧带）,厚度分别为(0.78±0.19) mm、(0.89±0.19) mm。背侧韧带明显厚于掌侧韧带（P<0.01）,桡背侧韧带、背侧中央韧带、后斜韧带的细胞数多于前斜韧带,后斜韧带的细胞数也多于尺侧副韧带,均有统计学差异（P<0.05）。 结论　3条背侧韧带组成粗厚坚韧的复合体,在拇指腕掌关节的稳定中,前斜韧带起着更大的作用。     

Carpometacarpal joint dislocation of the thumb associated with fracture of the trapezium: a case report

Dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint with fracture of the trapezium is a rare injury. A case that was initially missed in accident and emergency is described.     

Poor results after interpositional arthroplasty with fascia lata allograft for arthritis of the trapezio-metacarpal joint

Arthrodesis or autologous tendon interposition can relieve pain associated with arthritis of the carpo-metacarpal joint of the first ray (CMC-I), but has its limitations. The aim of this study was to assess whether trapezium resection and fascia lata allograft (Tutoplast) interposition is a good alternative. Thirty-eight such combined CMC-I arthroplasties in 36 patients with a median age of 57 years and a median follow-up of 25 months were analysed for complications; Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) scores; pain; and patient satisfaction. Complications occurred in 13 of the 36 patients (36%). The median DASH score was 25, and pain was reduced in 22 patients (85%). Thirteen of the 36 patients (36%) were not satisfied. Trapezium resection and fascia lata allograft interposition do not seem to be good alternatives for CMC-I arthritis.     

Isolated dislocation of the four ulnar carpometacarpal joints

Dislocation of the multiple carpometacarpal joints without associated fractures of the metacarpal and/or carpal bones is an exceedingly rare injury. An earlier belief that carpometacarpal dislocations are high-energy injuries is questioned due to an unusual case of isolated dislocation of the four ulnar metacarpals that occurred after a relatively minor hand trauma. Early recognition and anatomical reduction are essential to achieving good long-term outcomes. Massive edema, interposed volar ligaments and overlapping metacarpal bases are the usual obstacles to a successful closed reduction.