腕管综合征96例分析

自1993年1月-2000年12月,诊治腕管综合征96例,其中手术治疗31例,现将有关资料进行分析。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组96例,男25例,女71例;年龄为26～63岁,平均43岁。16例为双侧性,病程最短为1周,最长为10年。病因:腕部外伤史17例,手部关节酸痛史23例,18例女性患者认为发病与妊娠或     

Carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy

Carpal tunnel syndrome is common during pregnancy. The symptoms usually disappear after delivery, but how soon has not been established. Thirty pregnant women with the syndrome reported to us the degree of pain in their hands every week before, and daily after, delivery. Pain was graded on a scale from 0 (none) to 10 (worst imaginable). The prevalence of the syndrome during pregnancy was about 2%. The mean pain score was 5.6 (SD 2.0) at referral and this was reduced by 1.2 (SD 2.2) after wearing an orthosis for a week. After this, it stayed almost unchanged until delivery. The score fell by half during the first week after parturition and by half again during the next week. The reduction in score was strongly correlated with loss of the weight gained during pregnancy (r?=?0.97; p<0.001). Although symptoms may persist for some weeks after delivery, the severity declines quickly.     

Alternative bearings in total knee arthroplasty: risk of early revision compared to traditional bearings: An analysis of 62,177 primary cases

Background and purpose There is no substantial clinical evidence for the superiority of alternative bearings in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We compared the short-term revision risk in alternative surface bearing knees (oxidized zirconium (OZ) femoral implants or highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE) inserts) with that for traditional bearings (cobalt-chromium (CoCR) on conventional polyethelene (CPE)). The risk of revision with commercially available HXLPE inserts was also evaluated.

Methods All 62,177 primary TKA cases registered in a Total Joint Replacement Registry between April 2001 and December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The endpoints for the analysis were all-cause revisions, septic revisions, or aseptic revisions. Bearing surfaces were categorized as OZ-CPE, CoCr-HXLPE, or CoCr-CPE. HXLPE inserts were stratified according to brand name. Confounding was addressed using propensity score weights. Marginal Cox-regression models adjusting for surgeon clustering were used.

Results The proportion of females was 62%. Average age was 68 (SD 9.3) years, and median follow-up time was 2.8 (IQR 1.2–4.9) years. After adjustments, the risks of all-cause, aseptic, and septic revision with CoCr-HXLPE and OZ-CPE bearings were not statistically significantly higher than with traditional CoCr-CPE bearings. No specific brand of HXLPE insert was associated with a higher risk of all-cause, aseptic, or septic revision compared to CoCr-CPE.

Interpretation At least in the short term, none of the alternative knee bearings evaluated (CoCr-HXLPE or OZ-CPE) had a greater risk of all-cause, aseptic, and septic revision than traditional CoCr-CPE bearings.     

99mTc-MDP全身骨显像异常骨外软组织摄取分析

目的 探索全身骨显像中异常骨外摄取的原因及意义.方法 回顾性分析43例在行全身骨显像中出现骨骼以外异常摄取组织影像的患者,并与病理、影像结果及随访对照,分析骨骼外组织摄取临床意义.结果 在43例骨外软组织摄取中,其中有28例经病理或随访证实为恶性病灶(65.1％);异常骨外摄取部位主要集中在胸(48.8％)、腹部(39.5％).肺、肝、乳腺为胸腹部显影摄取的主要器官,且多为原发或继发性恶性肿瘤.结论 在排除生理性摄取及技术因素引起的骨外软组织摄取后,异常脏器结节状及弥漫性摄取都具有不同的临床意义,主要见于原发及继发性恶性病变.     

《医宗金鉴》对张氏正骨流派学术思想的影响

《医宗金鉴》是清代由政府组织编写的综合性医学丛书,其立论精辟,尤重实用,对后世影响甚大。湖南岳阳张氏正骨始于清末,在张氏正骨发展过程中,不断吸收并结合了《医宗金鉴》等医学著作和民间特色技术,在继承的基础上体现了创新,强调“筋骨并重,内外调和”、“去瘀生新,气血相和”,逐渐形成了以“和”为核心的张氏正骨学术思想。本文着重探讨《医宗金鉴》对湖南岳阳张氏正骨相关学术思想和实际应用的影响。认为张氏正骨流派在正骨手法、内外方药、针推技术等方面继承了《医宗金鉴》主要的学术理念,并不断发展创新骨伤技术方法、药物应用等。     

Carpal instability in rheumatoid wrists

This study was conducted to identify patterns of carpal instability in the rheumatoid wrist. One hundred patients with proven rheumatoid arthritis were randomly chosen, and posteroanterior and lateral radiographs of right wrists were taken. The most common isolated pattern was volar intercalated segmental instability, apparent in 16 wrists, while nine wrists had scapholunate dissociations. Larsen grading scores revealed a correlation between disease duration, carpal height ratio, and ulnar translocation index. In the early stages of disease, the scapholunate angle was significantly increased and the lunate rotated volarly due to loosening of the intrinsic carpal ligament. In later phases, the capitolunate angle significantly increased and the capitate rotated dorsally. Patterns of carpal instability in rheumatoid wrists seem to be complicated, involving combined laxity of the intrinsic and extrinsic carpal ligaments.No benefits have been received from a commercial party directly or indirectly related to the subject of this article.An erratum to this article can be found at     

骨代谢指标测定在骨质疏松诊治中的应用价值

目的 比较妇女绝经前后骨代谢指标的变化，研究各指标在骨质疏松症治疗后的变化率，对各指标在骨质疏松症诊治中的应用作出初步评价。方法 48例绝经前妇女、48例绝经后妇女测定10项骨代谢指标．45例绝经后骨质疏松症患者．治疗前、治疗6个月后分别测定10项骨代谢指标，观察其变化率。12名绝经后妇女，每两个月测定10项骨代谢指标。共观察一年。结果 绝经后妇女骨代谢指标明显升高，绝经后骨质疏松症患者经抗吸收治疗后．大部分骨代谢指标明显降低，血清骨形成指标比尿骨吸收指标长期个体内的变异要小。结论 绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨转换加快，部分血清骨代谢指标优于尿骨代谢指标，尤以血清骨形成指标N—mid骨钙素和血清骨吸收指标CTX为优。     

Immediate and durable clinical improvement in the non-operated hand after contralateral surgery for patients with bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Background

Little is known about clinical improvement in the non-operated hand after unilateral surgery for patients who present with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In this prospective study of patients with bilateral CTS, we evaluated the clinical effects on the non-operated hand following unilateral contralateral carpal tunnel surgical release.

Material and Methods

During a consecutive period of 22 months, 69 patients with bilateral CTS underwent unilateral open carpal tunnel release. Bilateral subjective and objective evaluations were performed pre-operatively, at days 2, 15 and 180 after surgery. Subjective evaluations, analysed with Student t test, included the Boston-Levine symptom severity score and a visual analogue scale including pain, nocturnal symptoms and numbness. A telephone survey was conducted 12 months after surgery.

Results

The Boston-Levine severity score of the contralateral non-operated hand decreased from 2.70 pre-operatively to 1.70 at 2 days (p < 0.001). The visual analogue pain score decreased at 2 days for 61 patients (88 %), whereas the nocturnal symptoms decreased or disappeared in 63 cases (91 %) and the paresthesia in 52 cases (75 %) (ps < 0.001). These beneficial effects were stable in time with no statistically significant change at 180 days. Overall, 58 patients (84 %) observed a total resolution or a significant improvement in their symptoms at 6 months. At 12 months, 100 % of patients responded to a telephone survey. Fifty one of them (74 %) reported minimal or no symptoms on the non-operated hand. Linear regression (analysis of variance [ANOVA]) showed that gender, age, professional status, duration of pre-operative symptoms and severity of electrophysiological disturbances were not predictive of post-operative evolution in the non-operated hand after unilateral surgery for CTS.     

磨削法在防止颌骨病变术后复发中的应用

目的:为提高颌骨手术的成功率,减少术后复发,采用磨削法处理颌骨病变手术创面,进行术后观察及疗效评估。方法:对142例颌骨各种病变进行手术,手术后骨创面采用磨削法进行处理。结果:颌骨囊肿和良、恶性肿瘤无复发;颌骨骨髓炎术后有2例复发,复发率为14.29%。结论:磨削法处理颌骨病变手术创面,可以提高治疗效果。