Convergent Validity and Responsiveness of the SULCS

Objective

To evaluate the convergent validity and responsiveness of the Stroke Upper Limb Capacity Scale (SULCS) in comparison to the Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT), the Box and Blocks Test (BBT), and the upper limb Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). The SULCS is a relatively new measure that was designed to be easier to score and less time consuming than some existing measures.

药房工作任务和药学专业人才的知识、能力与态度要求调研

目的:为高等职业药学教育课程开发提供参考。方法:以新时期服务型药房工作任务及其对药学专业人才的知识、能力与态度要求为调研内容,对医疗机构和社会药房的负责人及药房技术人员进行问卷调查与深度访谈,问卷设计以封闭式问题为主,以开放式问题为辅,并对问卷调查结果进行统计分析。结果:问卷回收率为90.6%。医院药房和社会药房对药房工作任务和对药学专业人才的知识、能力要求基本一致,但由于工作侧重点不同,重要性的认同率有所不同。药学服务型药房的工作任务总体可归纳为药品分类陈列、处方调配、药品销售、药学咨询、经营过程药品质量保证等五大工作任务;对药学专业人才的知识要求主要包括药学知识、医学知识、中医药知识、心理学知识等;对药学专业人才的能力要求主要包括处方调配能力、药学服务能力、辨病荐药能力、药品仓储保管能力、语言表达能力、人际沟通能力、团结协作能力等。医院药房和社会药房对药学专业人才的态度要求的认同率均为100%。结论:在调研的基础上,可进行工作过程为导向、任务项目为引领、职业技能和职业道德培养并重的高等职业药学教育课程开发。     

苦菊乙酸乙酯提取物的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究苦菊乙酸乙酯提取物(CEE)的体外抗氧化活性。方法:苦菊经95%乙醇加热回流、石油醚脱脂和乙酸乙酯萃取,挥干乙酸乙酯后得到CEE。通过二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH.)清除能力、还原能力和2,2′-偶氮-双(-2-脒基丙烷)氯化二氢(AAPH)诱导的红细胞溶血模型,检测CEE的抗氧化活性。结果:在DPPH.清除能力试验中,CEE和阳性对照药的清除率为50%时所需待测液的浓度(EC50)分别为(59.76±6.11)mg·L-1和(3.89±0.23)mg·L-1,两者相差1.54个数量级。CEE和阳性对照药(抗坏血酸)皆能使还原能力测试体系的吸光度增加,并呈浓度-效应关系(P<0.01),但CEE的还原能力不如抗坏血酸(P<0.01)。在AAPH诱导的红细胞溶血模型中,CEE能有效降低兔血红细胞的溶血率(P<0.01),且高剂量(20 mg·L-1)CEE可使溶血率恢复到空白对照的水平。结论:CEE能有效清除自由基,具有一定的还原能力,并对AAPH诱导的兔红细胞溶血具有很好的保护作用。提示CEE具有一定的抗氧化活性,可对其抗氧化活性及其有效成分作进一步的研究。     

Doctors, their mental health and capacity for work

Background Information about doctors’ mental ill-healthis limited. This study looks at doctors’ careers followingmental illness and the strategies that helped them return towork. Aim To examine the effect of mental ill-health on doctors’careers. Methods Questionnaire survey of members of the Doctors SupportNetwork (DSN). The DSN is a peer support group for doctors whohave experienced, or are experiencing, mental ill-health. Results One hundred and sixteen doctors (35% response rate)returned completed questionnaires (n = 116, 63% female, 37%male). Prior to their ill-health, 80% worked full time, 15%part-time, 2% were not working and 3% were medical students.Following illness, 33% worked full time (P < 0.05), 36% part-time(P < 0.05) and 29% were not working (P < 0.01). Flexibleworking practices were the most helpful reported strategy forenabling a doctor to return to work. Conclusions Following mental ill-health, a doctor’s capacityto work full time is reduced. Most doctors return to full-timeor part-time work. With improved support, more doctors may beable to return to work.     

银屑病患者血浆及皮肤组织总抗氧化能力的检测

目的：探讨总抗氧化能力检测在动态观察银屑病中的应用价值。方法：采用化学比色法测定银屑病患者血浆及皮肤组织总抗氧化能力。结果：不论血浆或皮肤组织，银屑病患者与正常对照总抗氧化能力有显著性差异（P＜0．01），静止期与进行期总抗氧化能力相比有显著性（P＜0．01）。结论：总抗氧化能力低下引起机体对各种损伤因子更易敏感，局部皮肤组织抗损伤、抗炎能力下降；血浆或皮肤组织总抗氧化能力是反映银屑病动态变化的敏感因素。     

Functional Capacity Evaluations in Persons with Spinal Disorders: Predicting Poor Outcomes on the Functional Assessment Screening Test (FAST)

This study determines how performance on the simple, low exertion Functional Assessment Screening Test (FAST) relates to performance on more extensive physical and psychological testing. One hundred eighty-eight persons with chronic back disability and 17 spine healthy volunteers underwent the FAST (three 2-min static tests [kneeling, stooping, and squatting] and two 5-min tests [repetitive stooping and repetitive twisting while standing]), the Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation (PILE), trunk extension endurance, submaximal bicycle ergometry, and psychological profiles. All FAST components were completed by 88% of spine healthy subjects, but only by 19.7% (n = 37) of the back patients. Internal consistency for overall test performance was 0.82 (alpha coefficient). Back pain noncompleters had poorer performance on the PILE and trunk extension endurance despite similar cardiovascular fitness and perceived exertion during testing. They had more dysfunctional coping mechanisms, pain avoidance, depression, and self-reported disability. Since performance on nonstrenuous testing is so poor, and psychosocial variables relate strongly to test performance, extensive Functional Capacity Evaluations may not be necessary or valid in assessing the physical performance of this population of chronic back pain patients.     

A comprehensive simulation for wait time reduction and capacity planning applied in general surgery

This paper describes the use of operational research techniques to analyze the wait list for the Division of General Surgery at the Capital District Health Authority in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. A discrete event simulation model was developed to aid capacity planning decisions and to analyze the performance of the division. The analysis examined the consequences of redistributing beds between sites, and achieving standard patient lengths of stay, while contrasting them to current and additional resource options. From the results, multiple independent and combined options for stabilizing and decreasing waits for elective procedures were proposed.     

医学院校全球卫生能力建设的国际经验及启示

全球化正在不可逆转地改变着人们的健康状况和卫生保健服务,也对未来医学院校的毕业生提出了新的要求,医学院校加强全球卫生的能力建设势在必行。本文总结了医学院校全球卫生能力建设的国际经验,主要包括成立全球卫生部门,将全球卫生内容整合到医学课程中,开展全球卫生的国际临床选修课程,参与全球卫生实践活动。在此基础上,对加强我国医学院校全球卫生能力建设而改革医学教育提出了相关意见：开展全球卫生研究和教学的平台建设,构建新的课程体系,将全球卫生知识融入现有的学生境外交流活动中等。     

应用^125I标记方形黄鼠蚤并观察对其生理的影响

本文报告应用~(125)I-皮膜喂血法标记方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种Citellophilus tesquorum sungaris获得成功。当该蚤用每毫升猪血1μci的低剂量标记后,在饥饿状态下至第16天,其净计数仍很高,雌蚤平均为460cpm,雄蚤平均为369cpm。实验观察了标记不同剂量的~(125)I对该蚤生命的影响,其结果是:在标记剂量为每毫升猪血1μci～200μci的范围内,对该蚤寿命无影响。标记剂量为每毫升猪血4μci时,该蚤的吸血量与对照组数据接近,说明无不良影响,但产卵量却高于对照组,说明对生殖生理有激活作用。