OBTURATION OF THE SMALL BOWEL

Obturation of the small bowel is an uncommon but important cause of small bowel obstruction. There are a great number of substances that may impact at the narrow portions of the small bowel. More than one object may be present in the alimentary tract and should be actively sought. Certain groups of patients are more likely to suffer from the condition. We present two cases of small bowel obstruction due to obturation and review the relevant literature.     

人工植黄后牛胆囊形态胆汁性状变化的观察

人工植黄后，牛胆囊形态，胆汁性状均发生变化。由于个体间变化程度不同，产黄量和质量有明显的差异。在植黄手术中，设法减轻或降低这些变化，可提高人工植黄的经济效益。     

国内胃结石治疗进展

胃结石是我国北方地区秋冬季节的常见病、多发病。国内以植物性结石多见,病因简单。传统治疗方法是手术取出,随着内镜技术的进展,目前治疗方法以内镜下治疗配合药物治疗为主。本文就目前国内胃结石及并发症的治疗进展情况作一综述。     

Fecal Impaction in Adults: Report of 30 Cases of Seed Bezoars in the Rectum

Purpose Seed bezoars in the rectum have been considered an uncommon cause of fecal impaction in adults. Although there have been several reports on sunflower seed bezoars, seed bezoars from the fruit of the prickly pear cactus and watermelon have received little notice. This study was designed to determine the frequency of fecal impaction by seed bezoars in the rectum and their clinical characteristics in adults. Methods A retrospective review of the medical records of patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of fecal impaction during a ten-year period. Results During the study period (January 1996 to December 2005), 55 patients were hospitalized at the Western Galilee Hospital, in northern Israel, with the diagnosis of fecal impaction. Phytobezoars were found in 30 patients (55 percent). The seed bezoars were composed of prickly pear seeds in 12 patients, watermelon seeds in 10 patients, sunflower seeds in 4 patients, popcorn kernels in 1 patient, and pomegranate seeds in 1 patient. The Jew:Arab ratio for seed bezoars was 7:23. Seventy-three patients had seedless fecal masses with a Jew:Arab ratio of 58:15. All 30 patients with bezoar underwent digital disimpaction under general anesthesia. Only 21 of 73 patients with seedless fecal masses were treated under general anesthesia. Conclusions Seed bezoars found in the rectum were the most common cause of fecal impaction requiring hospitalization, probably to the result of the eating habits in the Middle East. The consumption of seeds with shell fragments or fruits containing many seeds (such as the prickly pear) should be accompanied by the awareness that large quantities may cause fecal impaction. The Department of Surgery at Western Galilee Hospital is affiliated with the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.     

氟康唑治疗念珠菌性龟头包皮炎53例疗效观察

目的　探讨氟康唑对念珠菌性龟头包皮炎的临床疗效。方法　将 98例患者随机分为两组 ,治疗组 ( 5 3例 )口服氟康唑 15 0mg ,qd× 5d ,用药期间停用其它的口服药及外用真菌药 ;对照组 ( 4 5例 )用霉克霜外搽患处 ,bid ,连用 2W ,用药期间停用口服药。结果　治疗组痊愈率为 90 .5 7% ,总有效率为 98.11% ;对照组痊愈率为 2 .2 2 % ,总有效率为 66.67% ,治疗组均显著高于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论　氟康唑治疗念珠菌性龟头包皮炎疗效满意     

壳聚糖妇科栓治疗念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病临床观察

目的：观察壳聚糖妇科栓治疗念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病的临床疗效。方法：126例念珠菌阴道炎随机分为观察组（63例）使用壳聚糖妇科栓治疗，对照组（63例）使用达克宁栓治疗；120例细菌性阴道病随机分为观察组（60例）使用壳聚糖妇科栓治疗，对照组（60例）使用甲硝唑栓治疗。比较治疗前后症状、体征、实验室检查情况。结果：壳聚糖妇科栓治疗念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病的有效率分别为90．2％、79．9％，与常规药物达克宁栓、甲硝唑栓的治疗效果差异无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：壳聚糖妇科栓治疗念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病安全、有效，不易产生耐药性，易为患者接受，其优势在于无完善的实验室检查情况下，仍可对患者进行治疗。     

制霉菌素和氟康唑治疗念珠菌性口炎的临床对比观察

目的 临床对比观察制霉菌素和氟康唑对念珠菌性口炎的实际疗效.方法 对我科2004～2007年以来的108例念珠菌性口炎的患者进行治疗并跟踪观察.实验组用氟康唑进行治疗,对照组用制霉菌素治疗.结果 近期疗效:实验组显效率94.23%,对照组83.92%,两组对比无显著性差异.远期疗效:实验组治愈率90.38%,对照组41.67%.观察结果分析表明:氟康唑和制霉菌素对念珠菌性口炎在短期内均有较好的治疗作用.氟康唑的长期疗效明显好于制霉菌素(P<0.05),但仍有一定的复发率.结论 治疗口腔念珠菌病时如单纯使用制霉菌素和氟康唑在近期都有一定效果,但氟康唑的远期疗效更佳.     

伊曲康唑联合双唑泰栓治疗假丝酵母菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效分析

目的观察伊曲康唑联合双唑泰栓治疗假丝酵母菌性外阴阴道炎(CV)的临床疗效,为CV的临床治疗提供更多的理论依据。方法收集2010年12月-2011年12月妇科门诊收治的初发CV患者126例,CV患者随机分为双唑泰栓局部治疗63例为A组,伊曲康唑联合双唑泰栓治疗63例为B组,对照两组的临床疗效、不良反应发生率及复发率。结果 A、B组治疗有效率分别为63.5%和85.7%,B组临床疗效显著优于A组(P<0.05);临床不良反应发生率A组为15.9%、B组为17.5%,两组之间差异无统计学意义;复发率A组为23.8%、B组为6.3%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论伊曲康唑联合双唑泰栓治疗假丝酵母菌性外阴阴道炎临床疗效显著、不良反应率低、而且患者不易复发,值得临床推广应用。     

特比萘芬治疗复发性念珠菌性阴道炎56例临床观察

目的观察特比萘芬治疗复发性念珠菌性阴道炎的疗效.方法选择门诊复发性念珠菌性阴道炎患者,随机分为治疗组(口服特比萘芬)和对照组(口服酮康唑),各56例.治疗后2用、8周、12周,随访观察疗效.结果治疗组与对照组治疗效果比较,差异无显著性(χ2=0,P＞0.05),但不良反应明显较对照组轻.结论口服特比萘芬治疗复发性念珠菌性阴道炎效果良好.     

氟康唑联合咪康唑栓治疗念珠菌性阴道炎临床分析

目的：观察氟康唑联合咪康唑栓治疗念珠菌性阴道炎（假丝酵母菌病）的临床疗效。方法：100例念珠菌性阴道炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组50例。治疗组患者口服氟康唑及阴道应用咪康唑栓,对照组患者单纯口服氟康唑;观察两组患者的临床疗效及真菌清除率。结果：治疗组和对照组的治疗有效率分别为94.00%和86.00%、真菌清除率分别为98%和92%,两组治疗有效率和真菌清除率比较差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论：氟康唑联合咪康唑栓治疗念珠菌性阴道炎疗效好、安全性高、耐受性好。