The syndrome of accelerated bone maturation in the newborn infant with dysmorphism and congenital malformations The so-called Marshall-Smith syndrome

A new case of the syndrome of accelerated skeletal maturation, facial dysmorphism, failure to thrive and psychomotor retardation is presented. The syndrome was noted in the neonatal period. The diagnosis can be readily suggested by the radiologist because ossification centers show exceptionally early maturation. This case history increases to at least five the number of cases so far reported following the initial publication by Marshall and al. in 1971. If the two cases described in 1974 by Weaver and al. (as a distinct entity) are also included then the total of cases reported rises to seven.Presented at the French Society of Radiology, February 1975     

Ion migration energies and color center absorption in hydroxyapatite

Summary By modelling a hydroxyapatite crystal lattice as a finite cluster of atoms surrounded by an array of point ions, molecular orbital MS-Xα calculations point to differences in fluoride and hydroxyl migration energies. Despite the fluoride ion being more tightly bound to the lattice, it is in fact more mobile. Color center optical absorption is predicted to be in the infrared region of the spectrum for hydroxyapatite, whereas for fluorapatite the absorption peak of a vacancy is predicted to within 2% of the observed peak in the optical region. This result is discussed in terms of experimental studies of bonding between the calcified and organic phases of bone.     

Synthesis and Solubility of Collagen in Rats during Recovery after High-dose Cyclophosphamide Administration

Abstract: The metabolism of collagen and mineral was studied during a nine-day postmedicational period in young, male rats receiving high-dose intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide treatment every second day for 12 days. Two days after ending medication the white blood cell counts (WBC) were reduced by about 70%. Both synthesis and solubility of collagen were suppressed by the present medication 2 days after termination of treatment. This suppression continued throughout the 9-day postmedicational period in bones, whereas in connective tissue of porous, ceramic implants both total collagen and the amount of salt soluble collagen regained normal values 9 days after cessation of treatment. Increased mineralization was found 2 days after ending medication and this high degree of mineralization persisted during the postmedicational period studied. Serum albumin levels were reduced and no increases were detected during the postmedicational period. The suggestion is made that the general protein synthesis is affected by high-dose cyclophosphamide administration.     

骨盆孤立性浆细胞瘤的临床及影像表现分析

目的分析骨盆孤立性浆细胞瘤的临床及影像表现特点。方法经手术病理证实的18例骨盆孤立性浆细胞瘤,16例行X线检查,7例行CT检查,14例行MRI检查。结果 (1)临床表现:男性10例,女性8例,发病年龄44-79岁,平均年龄60.1岁。(2)X线、CT表现:孤立性浆细胞瘤18例中,16例表现为溶骨性骨质破坏合并软组织肿块,2例为膨胀性骨质破坏,10例病灶内可见残存的硬化骨嵴及边缘出现硬化。(3)MRI表现为正常骨髓信号被肿瘤取代,10例形成信号相对均匀的软组织肿块,4例软组织肿块信号不均。T1WI上病灶表现为等信号6例、稍高信号8例,T2WI病灶均表现为高或稍高信号,10例瘤周存在水肿,增强扫描均明显强化。结论骨盆是骨孤立性浆细胞的少见部位,好发于老年患者,其影像表现具有一定特征性。     

Pathological fracture in non-ossifying fibroma with histological features simulating aneurysmal bone cyst

A 12-year-old-girl presented with a fracture of an osteolytic lesion of the distal radius. A 7-year-old girl presented with a fracture of an osteolytic lesion of the femoral shaft. In both cases it was a non-ossifying fibroma with fracture misdiagnosed at pathology as aneurysmal bone cyst. Fractures through non-ossifying fibromas may alter the histological pattern of the initial lesion in two ways: firstly, by the presence of blood pigments due to the fracture, and secondly, by formation of new bone. Radiological–pathological correlation is essential to avoid histological errors after pathological fracture in a non-ossifying fibroma. Received: 27 January 1998; Revision received: 17 June 1998; Accepted: 25 July 1998     

High-Impact Exercise and Bones of Growing Girls: A 9-Month Controlled Trial

The maximum amount of bone a person can obtain during the first two decades of life is an important determinant of bone mass in later life, and an increase in peak bone mass has been associated with decreased risk for osteoporotic fractures. It is known that growth of bone and thus development of peak bone mass are strongly controlled by genetic factors, but information on the role of environmental factors, such as exercise and nutrition, (e.g., exercise) on growing bone is limited. We tested a hypothesis that in growing girls the benefit of mechanical loading on bone mineral mass and bone strength is better before rather than after the menarche. Sixty-four girls (25 premenarcheal, 39 postmenarcheal) carried out a supervised 9-month step-aerobic program (two sessions per week), each session complemented with additional jumps. Sixty-two girls (33 premenarcheal, 29 postmenarcheal) served as controls. Bone mineral content (BMC) at the lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In addition, the cortical density (CoD, mg/cm³) and cortical cross-sectional area (CoA, mm²) and the density-weighted polar section modulus (BSI, mm³) of the tibial midshaft were determined by peripheral quantitative tomography (pQCT). In the premenarcheal girls, BMC increased statistically significantly more in the trainees than controls at the lumbar spine (p= 0.012) (8.6% vs 5.3%) and femoral neck (p= 0.014) (9.3% vs 5.3%). In the tibial midshaft, the intergroup differences (CoD, CoA and BSI) were not significant. The postmenarcheal girls showed no significant post-training intergroup differences in any of the bone parameters (BMC increased in the lumbar spine 6.0% vs 4.9%; femoral neck 3.4% vs 3.2%; and trochanter 2.6% vs 3.5%). Although a large proportion of bone mineral increase in the growing girls of this study was attributable to growth itself, this 9-month exercise intervention showed that a clear and large additional bone gain could be obtained in exercising premenarcheal girls, but not in exercising postmenarcheal girls. In other words, exercise seemed more beneficial for additional bone mineral acquisition before menarche (i.e., during the growth spurt) rather than after it. Received: 24 March 2000 / Accepted: 14 June 2000     

建立足部三维有限元数字模型

背景：克服传统标本力学分析的不利因素,建立逼真的足部各结构有限元模型,是对足部进行有限元力学分析的重要基础。 目的：建立足部的三维有限元数字模型,为正常足部及足部损伤情况下的有限元力学分析打基础。 方法：对1名健康女性志愿者行双足螺旋CT扫描,将所得图像在Mimics软件中重建三维模型,在Geomagic软件中生成实体模型,最后在Ansys中建立足主要结构的三维有限元数字模型。 结果与结论：实验建立了包括全部骨骼、主要软骨和韧带、皮肤及软组织在内的人足有限元数字模型。利用CT数据及Mimics、Geomagic、Ansys软件可以建立人足全部足骨的三维有限元数字模型,该模型与实际骨骼模型大小、形态一致,并且可以随意旋转,任意角度观看,进行各种测量,可将足部骨骼任意拆分或合并,适合进行生物力学分析。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程全文链接：     

下肢远端原发恶性骨肿瘤患者的生存和肢体功能分析

目的 分析下肢远端原发恶性骨肿瘤患者的生存情况,评估保肢后的肢体功能.方法 2003年11月至2010年1月,20例下肢肢体远端原发恶性骨肿瘤接受保肢或截肢手术.男性15例,女性5例,平均年龄20岁.肿瘤位置:胫骨远端14例,腓骨远端3例,跟骨3例.肿瘤分期:ⅠB期3例,ⅡB期16例,Ⅲ期1例.除3例胫骨下端肿瘤截肢外,其他11例胫骨远端肿瘤行自体骨(4例)或异体骨(7例)踝关节融合手术,6例腓骨远端和跟骨肿瘤行自体骨重建手术.平均随访36.4个月.结果 5例异体骨踝关节融合和1例跟骨自体骨重建患者伤口延迟愈合,自体骨和异体骨对伤口愈合的影响差异有统计学意义(P=0.036).2例异体骨出现吸收和不愈合(其中1例截肢,另1例更换为骨水泥临时假体),1例胫骨远端骨肉瘤术后11个月复发截肢,2例分别于确诊后22和48个月死于肺转移.患者2和5年的总生存率分别为92.9%和79.6%,12例高度恶性骨肉瘤的2和5年生存率分别为87.5%和70.0%.保肢患者功能MSTS评分为82%.结论 下肢肢体远端原发恶性骨肿瘤的整体生存情况相对较好,保肢可以获得良好的肿瘤控制和肢体功能.     

脱细胞骨软骨支架复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复羊骨软骨缺损的研究

目的探讨脱细胞骨软骨支架接种自体骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)修复羊骨软骨缺损效果,探索骨软骨缺损新的修复方式。方法制备直径为8mm骨软骨脱细胞支架,培养羊BMSCs,接种于骨软骨支架,制备羊负重区骨软骨缺损模型,分空白、空白支架及细胞支架复合物3组,每组4只羊,3个月后处死动物取标本行大体及组织学检测。结果修复羊负重区骨软骨缺损模型实验结果显示细胞支架复合修复组骨软骨有较好修复,空白支架组软骨下骨基本修复、软骨侧无明显修复,空白对照组未见明显修复,缺损边缘软骨退变。结论含骨软骨连接结构的脱细胞骨软骨支架接种种子细胞能较好的修复羊负重区骨软骨缺损。