近15年中医外治法治疗颈心综合征研究概况

对近15年中医外治法治疗颈心综合征的有关文章查阅分析,发现包含针刺、带刃针具、灸法、推拿按摩等方法的中医外治法对该病有较好的临床疗效,可以显著改善患者的临床症状。通过分析研究近年文献发现,中医外治法治疗本病有确切的疗效,但是更多的中医外治研究是关于推拿手法治疗本病的研究,目前对于颈心综合征的诊断治疗标准不统一、其结果的可靠性不高,且颈心综合征尚无统一的中医外治法疗效评定标准,不能客观全面的评价中医外治法治疗颈心综合征的作用,而经济安全、方法简单、操作方便、疗效确切的中医外治法应是未来治疗颈心综合征的重要发展方向。因此在总结评述的同时,提出近年来中医外治法治疗颈心综合征研究的不足以及今后研究的重点及方向,今后关于颈心综合征的中医外治法研究尚需要严谨的科研设计、大样本、多中心、随机双盲对照实验来验证可靠性。     

农林院校制药工程专业课程分析与建议

分析了《制药工程本科专业教学质量国家标准》及建议开设课程,比较了化工医药类院校、农林类院校制药工程专业课程与标准建议课程设置之间的差异,并根据农林类院校制药工程专业人才能力培养的要求及就业存在的问题,提出了农林类院校制药工程专业在体现办学特色的同时应加强工程类课程开设的建议,以体现制药工程专业人才培养的工程特征,拓展人才的就业渠道和深造空间。     

胍丁胺鞘内注射对骨癌痛大鼠痛行为及脊髓CXCL13表达的影响

目的 探讨胍丁胺鞘内注射对骨癌痛大鼠痛行为及脊髓趋化因子CXC配体13（CXCL13）表达的影响。方法 成年雌性SD大鼠60只,体质量200~220 g,采用随机数字表法分为3组：假手术组（A组）、骨癌痛组（B组）、骨癌痛+胍丁胺组（C组）,各20只。B、C组采用大鼠胫骨上端骨髓腔内注入Walker 256癌细胞的方法建立骨癌痛模型,A组胫骨髓腔内注射等量生理盐水,B、C两组鞘内置管。造模成功后,C组鞘内注射胍丁胺160 mg/kg,连续6天;B组鞘内给予等量生理盐水,连续6天;A组不作处理。于造模后第12天用von Frey丝测定3组大鼠机械缩足反射阈值（MWT）;痛阈测定结束后,麻醉处死大鼠,取脊髓组织,采用免疫荧光法检测CXCL13在神经元中的表达;采用Western blot法分析CXCL13蛋白表达及逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法检测CXCLl3 mRNA的表达。结果 建模后12天,与A组比较,B、C组大鼠MWT明显低于A组,与B组比较,C组MWT高于B组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。建模后12天,与A组比较,B、C组大鼠CXCL13在脊髓背角神经元中表达增加,CXCL13蛋白及其mRNA表达明显增加（P<0.05）;与B组比较,C组大鼠CXCL13在脊髓背角神经元中表达降低,CXCL13蛋白及其mRNA表达明显减少（P<0.05）。结论 鞘内注射胍丁胺可有效改善大鼠骨癌痛痛觉过敏行为,其机制可能与抑制大鼠脊髓CXCL13表达有关。     

CT引导经皮椎体成形术治疗后缘破损型骨质疏松伴椎体压缩性骨折的疗效

目的 探讨CT引导经皮椎体成形术治疗后缘破损型骨质疏松伴椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年1月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院疼痛科行CT引导经皮椎体成形术的60例后缘破损型骨质疏松伴椎体压缩性骨折患者的临床资料,比较患者术前、术后不同时间点疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）评分的差异。结果 60例患者术前与术后的VAS、ODI评分进行比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;进一步两两比较,患者术后第1天、术后1周、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后12个月的VAS、ODI评分均低于术前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 CT引导经皮椎体成形术适用于后缘破损型骨质疏松伴椎体压缩性骨折的治疗,该手术方法安全,能有效缓解患者疼痛症状,改善患者活动功能障碍,值得临床推广。     

Protective effects of a cystine and theanine mixture against acute radiation injury in rats

This study aims to examine the effects of cystine and theanine (CT), which increases glutathione biosynthesis, on the survival rate and acute radiation injury of the small intestine and bone marrow using a rat model. CT pre-treatment (280 mg/kg for 5 days) significantly improved weight loss and survival rate of rats as compared with the control group after 5 Gy. CT pre-treatment significantly increased the rate of mucosa and crypt length, and decreased the number of apoptotic cells, TUNEL and cleaved caspase-3 positive cells, while increasing the number of mitotic cells and Ki-67 positive cells in jejunal crypts and villi compared to control rats post-irradiation. CT also suppressed bone marrow cell loss and reduced the number of apoptotic cells in bone marrow. These results suggest a protective effect of CT pre-treatment for acute injury after irradiation through apoptosis inhibition and increased proliferative activity in jejunal crypt cells and bone marrow cells.     

脊柱结核骨质破坏类型的CT表现分析

目的:探讨脊柱结核骨质破坏类型的CT表现特点及意义.方法:回顾性分析81例经手术病理或临床证实为脊柱结核患者的CT表现,将脊柱结核骨质破坏类型分为骨碎片型、溶骨型、局灶破坏硬化型、骨膜下型及混合型5种类型,分析脊柱结核骨质破坏类型及其构成比.结果:共分析202个病变椎体骨质破坏类型,其中骨碎片型17个(8.4％),溶骨型76个(37.6％),局灶破坏硬化型57个(28.2％),骨膜下型25个(12.4％),混合型27个(13.4％),以溶骨型和局灶破坏硬化型多见.不同节段椎体骨质破坏类型构成比不同,腰椎以局灶破坏硬化型多见,颈胸椎以溶骨型多见.结论:脊柱结核不同骨质破坏类型具有相应的CT表现特点,不同节段椎体骨质破坏类型构成比存在差异,CT检查对于脊柱结核的诊断和手术治疗具有重要意义.     

Rapid Increase in Marrow Fat Content and Decrease in Marrow Perfusion in Lumbar Vertebra Following Bilateral Oophorectomy: An MR Imaging-Based Prospective Longitudinal Study

ObjectiveBilateral oophorectomy leads to reduced bone mineral density (BMD), and reduced BMD is associated with increased marrow fat and reduced marrow perfusion. Purpose of this study was to investigate how soon these changes occur following surgical oophorectomy.ResultsReduced BMD, increased marrow FF, and reduced marrow perfusion occurred synchronously post-oophorectomy. There was a sharp decrease of 12.5 ± 7.2% in BMD (n = 6), a sharp increase of 92.2 ± 46.3% (n = 6) in FF, a sharp decrease of 23.6 ± 3.9% in maximum contrast enhancement (n = 5), and of 45.4 ± 7.7% for enhancement slope (n = 5) during the initial 3 months post surgery. BMD and marrow perfusion continued to decrease, and marrow FF continued to increase at a slower rate during the following 18 months. Friedman test showed a significant trend for these changes (p < 0.05).ConclusionBilateral oophorectomy leads to a rapid decrease in lumbar BMD, an increase in marrow fat content, and a decrease in marrow blood perfusion.     

18F-氟化钠P ET/CT诊断肿瘤骨转移应用进展

18F-氟化钠（18F-NaF）作为骨扫描示踪剂已有50多年的历史,期间由于正电子探测器的缺乏等因素被99Tcm-MDP替代。随着PET/CT的发展,将18F-NaF作为PET/CT示踪剂的研究逐渐增多。18F-NaF本身的药物特性以及PET/CT相对于SPECT/CT的优势,使得18F-NaF PET/CT诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移的灵敏度、特异度优于99Tcm-MDP骨扫描。与99Tcm-MDP骨显像、18F-FDG PET/CT和MRI相比,18F-NaF PET/CT在诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移时具有更高的灵敏度,并且对于不同肿瘤的骨转移有不同的诊断价值。18F-NaF联合18F-FDG PET/CT扫描被证明具有一定的应用价值。18F-NaF PET/CT是诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移的安全、有效、简便、无创的方法。     

Chiropractic management of postpartum pubic symphysis diastasis: A case report

This case report describes the chiropractic management of a 30-year-old female patient with severe postpartum pelvic pain secondary to pubic symphysis diastasis. No literature was found on the chiropractic management of postpartum symphysis pubis diastasis. The existing literature concerning chiropractic care for symphysis pubis dysfunction during pregnancy is limited and indicates a potential benefit. Separation of the pubic symphysis may include ligamentous injury to the sacroiliac joints and may lead to chronic pain. Pubic symphysis separation of 17 millimeters was present on digital radiograph. Management consisted of chiropractic adjustments, trigger point release, electrical stimulation, moist heat, sacroiliac belt, and specific stabilizing exercises. The patient’s pain improved immediately following treatment on the initial visit. Pain was reduced from 8/10 VAS at the first visit to 2/10 at the fourth visit. She was able to resume normal activities and reached a final pain level of 1/10. The diastasis was reduced by 7 millimeters at 14-weeks post radiograph for a final separation of just under 10 millimeters. Collaboration between obstetricians, midwives and chiropractors may be warranted.     

Patellar tendon or hamstring graft anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in patients aged above 50 years

Background:

The treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury consists of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon or hamstring graft. Satisfactory results have been reported so far in the younger age group. Dilemma arises regarding the suitability of ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years and above. This retrospective analyses the outcome of ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years and above.

Materials and Methods:

55 patients aged 50 years and above presented to our institution with symptomatic ACL tear and were managed with arthroscopic reconstruction with patellar tendon/hamstring graft. 22 patients underwent ACL reconstruction with bone- patellar tendon-bone graft and the remaining 33 with a hamstring graft. Evaluation of functional outcome was performed using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scoring in the preoperative period, at the end of 1 year and at the final followup. Radiographic evaluation was performed using the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system.

Results:

The mean preoperative IKDC score was 39.7 ± 3.3. At the end of 1-year following the operation, the mean IKDC score was 73.6 ± 4.9 and at the final followup was 67.8 ± 7.7. The mean preoperative Lysholm score was 40.4 ± 10.3. At the end of 1-year following the intervention, the mean Lysholm score was 89.7 ± 2.1 and at final followup was 85.3 ± 2.5. Overall, 14 out of 42 patients who underwent radiographic assessment showed progression of osteoarthritis changes at the final followup after the intervention.

Conclusion:

In our study, there was a statistically significant improvement in the IKDC and Lysholm scores following the intervention. There was a slight deterioration in the scores at the final followup but the overall rate of satisfaction was still high and most of the patients were able to do their routine chores and light exercises suitable for their age group. Around one-third of patients show progression of radiographic changes in the postoperative period and this requires long term evaluation.