主动脉覆膜血管内支架治疗DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的临床疗效

目的 总结主动脉覆膜血管内支架治疗DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的临床疗效.方法 选取本院2009年8月至2014年7月经CT增强扫描确诊为DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的患者63例,从股动脉植入主动脉覆膜血管内支架,封堵破口.植入后重复进行血管造影检查.结果 血管内支架植入全部成功.术后造影60例无内漏,3例轻度内漏,1例出现左上肢缺血.随访CT检查1～3年,未出现脊髓损伤、支架移位等并发症,大部分胸背痛等症状消失.结论 主动脉覆膜血管内支架是治疗胸主动脉瘤的有效方法,近期疗效满意.     

覆膜支架腔内隔离术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的护理研究

目的总结覆膜支架腔内隔离术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的护理方法。方法分析16例接受介入治疗的主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者的临床资料、介入治疗和术后护理,结果介入治疗手术成功率100％,术后完善护理和监护,术中和住院期间无并发症,半年随访期间一例患者猝死,无其他严重不良事件发生。结论充分的术前准备,密切的术中配合以及完善的术后护理是保证手术顺利进行、预防和减少并发症的关键。     

主动脉夹层覆膜支架腔内修复术后并发症

目的总结覆膜支架腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层的经验,分析、探讨各种并发症发生的原因及处理方法。方法2002年4月至2009年1月,346例连续性覆膜支架腔内修复术的降主动脉夹层患者,包括B型夹层303例,B型主动脉穿通性溃疡（不典型夹层）39例,A型夹层术后并发症4例;男性304例,女性42例;平均年龄50.6岁。术后1个月、6个月、12个月及每年行CTA影像随访。统计不同时间段的并发症,计算其发生率及死亡率,按各并发症的发生与否分组进行logistic回归分析,探讨其发生的影响因素。结果术中无死亡,技术成功率99.7%。围手术期主要并发症率及死亡率分别为2.6%和1.7%。随访31.3±23.7月,并发症率及死亡率分别为4.6%为2.1%。主要并发症包括逆行型A型夹层（n=5）、支架一端新破口形成（n=13）、缺血性脑卒中（n=2）等。内漏的总发生率21.4%,随访中59.5%消失。结论尽管主动脉夹层覆膜支架腔内修复术治疗B型主动脉夹层疗效显著,但严重并发症不容忽视。     

一种新型国产化人工血管内支架的研制

目的　用膨体聚四氟乙烯膜(ePTFE)膜压的方法研制一种新型的国产化人工血管内支架。方法　用0 .4mm镍钛合金丝单丝编织成自膨式血管内支架,用ePTFE拉伸成0 .0 3mm厚度的人工血管膜,分别检测其理化性能和生物学性能,最后采用膜压的方法来制作人工血管内支架。结果　研制的ePTFE人工血管各项物理性能指标相当突出,镍钛合金自膨式支架的理化性能指标均达到或超过有关标准,它们的生物学性能也完全达标,两者经过膜压成功制作出人工血管内支架。结论　国内首次采用镍钛合金支架与ePTFE人工血管膜用膜压法制成新型的国产化人工血管内支架,该支架具有良好的物理性能和生物学性能。     

Thrombus originating from frayed distal edge of an aortic stent-graft

An 87-year-old woman who had undergone a stent-graft repair of a descending aortic aneurysm had additional stent-graft implantation for endoleak. The postoperative course was eventful reflecting her preexisting multiple organ disorder, and despite intensive treatment over a span of 2 months, she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation due to intestinal ischemia. Autopsy revealed a thrombus originating from the frayed distal edge of the graft Although the relation between intestinal ischemia and the thrombus remains to be proven, this is considered a vital finding.     

Mid-term results after endovascular stent-graft placement due to penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers of the thoracic aorta

BACKGROUND: To determine mid-term durability of endovascular stent-graft placement in patients with penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers (PAU) involving the thoracic aorta and to identify risk factors for death as well as early and late cardiovascular events. METHODS: From 1997 to 2006, 27 patients (mean age 66 yrs) presented with PAU (rupture n=7). Mean numeric EuroScore was 11 and mean logistic EuroScore was 35. Median follow-up was 42 (10-86) months, being complete in all patients. Outcome variables included death and occurrence of early and late cardiovascular events. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality was 11%. Primary success rate was 100%. Actuarial survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 93%, 78% and 70%, respectively. Hemodynamic instability (HR 2.5, 2.1-3.9; p=0.034) as well as logistic EuroScore (HR 2.8, 2.4-4.3; p=0.019) was identified as independent predictor of early and late cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular stent-graft placement in patients with PAU is an effective palliation for a life-threatening sign of a severe systemic process. Hemodynamic instability at referral and a high preoperative risk score predict adverse outcome. During mid-term follow-up, patients are mainly limited by sequelae of their underlying disease.     

Endovascular stent-graft as a bridge to definitive repair of aortic trauma

We report a case of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta immediately treated with endovascular covered stent placement. Follow-up demonstrated a small endoleak, and because of the improved overall condition of the young patient a conventional repair was performed. The stent-graft provided an acute, minimally invasive therapeutic option.     

血管内带膜支架置入治疗主动脉夹层的临床研究

主动脉夹层（aortic dissection,AD）是一种高危险、高死亡率的血管性疾病,其年发病率在1／10万左右,如未经治疗,死亡率极高。1994年Dake等…进行了主动脉腔内带膜支架置入术（endovascular stent-graft placement,EVSGP）,为主动脉夹层的治疗开创了一条微创而有效的治疗方法。我院自2005—2008年,采用血管内带膜支架置入治疗主动脉夹层,取得了较好的疗效,报道如下。     

覆膜支架腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征

目的 评价覆膜支架腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征的有效性和安全性。方法 2001年5月至2005年12月应用覆膜支架治疗57例急性胸主动脉综合征患者,其中急性主动脉B型夹层45例,穿透性粥样硬化性溃疡（PAU）或假性动脉瘤9例,创伤性胸主动脉瘤3例。建立数据库,分析其临床特点、疗效及随访结果。结果 57例患者覆膜支架置入技术成功率100％。5例有近端内漏,1例术中出现升主动脉夹层,未予特殊处理,随访结果良好;1例术后7天出现升主动脉夹层并发心包填塞死亡。5例PAU或主动脉夹层合并冠心病患者,在应用覆膜支架成功完全封闭破口后立即行冠状动脉介入治疗成功。1例出现术后一过性双下肢无力,经静脉滴注山莨菪碱和甘露醇2天后痊愈。1例支架覆盖左锁骨下动脉开口导致左椎动脉缺血,嗜睡2天后自行好转。术后重症监护病房时间1～8（平均3．5）天,术后平均住院10天。术后30天内死亡2例,1例死于升主动脉夹层破裂,1例死于急性肾衰竭。术后30天内死亡率3．5％。术后平均随访（25．3±13．1）（13—55）个月。1例于术后3个月死于大咯血,1例死因不明。1例因近端内漏行二次腔内修复术。5例患者因降主动脉覆膜支架远端再发现破口,行二次腔内修复术。术后截瘫发生率为0,无支架移位、狭窄等并发症。术后住院及随访期内总死亡率为7．0％。与传统手术相比,腔内治疗急性胸主动脉综合征具有创伤小、严重并发症少、住院时间较短的优势。结论 覆膜支架是治疗急性胸主动脉综合征优良且有效的方法,也可用于外科手术高风险患者,近中期随访结果良好,远期结果有待于进一步随访。