星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺

目的:利用星点设计-效应面法对炒茺蔚子的炮制工艺进行优化,为炒茺蔚子的规范化生产提供依据。方法:采用清炒法,以炮制温度、炮制时间、炒药机转速为自变量,总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数为评价指标,对自变量各水平进行多元回归拟合,利用效应面法筛选最佳炮制工艺并进行预测分析。采用UV测定总生物碱的含量,检测波长520 nm;采用高效液相色谱仪-蒸发光散射法测定盐酸水苏碱的含量,流动相乙腈-水(60∶40),流速0.5 m L·min~(-1),漂移管温度70℃。结果:三项式拟合复合相关系数较高。最佳炮制工艺为炮制温度219℃,炮制时间2 min,炒药机转速14 r·min~(-1)。总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数的平均值分别为9.82,2.50,86.16,193.28 mg·g~(-1),综合评分与三项式拟合方程预测值偏差0.87%。结论:利用星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺的方法简便且预测性良好,适用于炒茺蔚子的规范化生产。     

基于倾向评分法探讨灯盏细辛注射液对冠心病结局的影响

该研究从全国20家三甲综合医院信息管理系统(hospital information system, HIS)中提取数据,共获得2 325例诊断为"冠心病"的患者住院信息,其中768例为使用灯盏细辛患者,1 557例为未使用灯盏细辛患者。该文基于倾向评分法,平衡大量混杂因素的影响,同时应用3种Logistic回归方法对比分析冠心病的治愈率。结果显示2组之间已知的72个混杂因素,如:年龄、入院病情、病危天数等,3种Logistic回归方法回归系数均为负值,且检验P<0.05,从统计学意义上讲,使用灯盏细辛注射液对冠心病的治愈率显著高于未使用灯盏细辛注射液。由于该研究是应用回顾性分析方法,且倾向性评分方法无法对未知混杂因素进行分析,因此所分析结果有一定局限性。     

消水方联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察

目的:观察口服消水方联合顺铂胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效。方法:118例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为两组,治疗组65例采用口服中药消水方联合顺铂胸腔灌注,对照组53例单用顺铂胸腔灌注。以恶性胸腔积液的近期疗效、生活质量评分及临床症状积分为指标进行临床观察。结果:治疗组和对照组近期有效率分别为72.3%和66.1%,两组无显著性差异,但治疗组较对照组生活质量显著改善(P<0.05),症状明显缓解(P<0.05)。结论:消水方联合顺铂胸腔灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液,近期疗效未见明显提高,但可减轻症状,提高生活质量。     

危重症评分量表对急诊病人转入ICU及死亡的预测能力研究

目的:探讨危重症评分量表对急诊病人转入重症监护室(ICU)及死亡的预测能力。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2019年1月—2019年12月在我院急诊科就诊的250例病人作为研究对象,最终纳入228例病人,按转入科室分为ICU组(68例)及普通病房组(160例)。应用改良早期预警评分(MEWS)量表和急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评估病人病情,记录病人ICU转入率及死亡率,并应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析MEWS量表、APACHEⅡ量表在急诊病人ICU转入率及死亡率中的预测价值。结果:与普通病房组相比,ICU组MEWS评分、APACHEⅡ评分更高(P<0.001)。死亡组MEWS评分、APACHEⅡ评分高于非死亡组(P<0.001)。经ROC曲线分析可知,MEWS评分、APACHEⅡ评分诊断急诊病人转入ICU的最佳截断值分别为4分和20分,两者联合诊断急诊病人转入ICU的敏感度及特异度明显高于MEWS评分、APACHEⅡ评分单项诊断。MEWS评分、APACHEⅡ评分诊断急诊病人死亡最佳截断值分别为6分和25分,两者联合诊断急诊病人死亡的敏感度及特异度高于...     

三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究

目的:观察三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的临床疗效。方法:将90例CSR患者运用随机数字表法分观察组、对照1组、对照2组,每组各30例。由于治疗过程中三组均有病例脱落,最终观察组、对照1组、对照2组参与疗效评价者分别为28例、29例、28例。三组患者均口服双氯芬酸钠缓释片,在此基础上,观察组采用三维平衡正脊手法配合针刺治疗,针刺穴位选取颈夹脊、天柱、后溪、申脉、悬钟、手三里、少海;对照1组采用常规推拿手法配合针刺治疗,针刺选穴与操作手法同观察组;对照2组单纯采用针刺治疗,针刺选穴与操作手法同以上两组。三组患者均每日治疗1次,10次为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。比较三组患者颈肩部视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、颈椎病治疗成绩评分,评价临床疗效。结果:三组患者治疗后的VAS评分、NDI评分、颈椎病治疗成绩评分较治疗前均改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者治疗后的颈肩部VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);观察组治疗后的颈肩部VAS评分低于对照1组(P<0.001)和对照2组(P=0.042)。三组患者治疗后...     

肺动态顺应性指导个体化PEEP滴定对颅面重建术患儿术后肺不张的影响

目的： 探讨肺动态顺应性（Cdyn）指导个体化PEEP滴定对颅面重建术患儿术后肺不张的影响。
方法： 选择全麻下行颅面重建术患儿80例,男52例,女28例,年龄≤1岁,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,麻醉时间≥2 h。采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组：Cdyn导向个体化PEEP组（I组）和固定PEEP组（P组）,每组40例。I组在插管后5 min肺部超声评分（LUS）后进行PEEP滴定,Cdyn最高值对应的PEEP为个体化PEEP;P组PEEP固定为6 cmH₂O。记录插管后5 min和手术结束时胸膜旁实变评分、B线评分、LUS总评分和肺不张发生情况。记录插管后5 min和PEEP建立后Cdyn、气道峰压（Ppeak）、HR、MAP。记录插管后5 min和手术结束时氧合指数（OI）和术后72 h肺部并发症的发生情况。
结果： I组滴定过程中Cdyn最高值时对应个体化PEEP滴定值中位数为9 cmH₂O。与插管后5 min比较,两组手术结束时胸膜旁实变总评分、后胸部胸膜旁实变评分、B线总评分和前、侧、后胸部B线评分、LUS总评分均明显降低（P＜0.05）。与P组比较,I组手术结束时胸膜旁实变评分、后胸部胸膜旁实变总评分、B线总评分、后胸部B线评分、LUS总评分、肺不张发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）,I组PEEP建立后Cdyn和Ppeak明显升高（P＜0.05）,手术结束时OI明显升高（P＜0.05）,术后72 h肺部并发症总发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）。
结论： 术中应用Cdyn指导个体化PEEP滴定能有效降低颅面重建术患儿手术结束时LUS评分和肺不张发生率,改善氧合功能,降低术后肺部并发症发生率。     

Association of thyroid autoimmunity with the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography

Studies on the association of thyroid autoimmunity with cardiometabolic risk and coronary artery disease (CAD) have produced conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of thyroid autoimmune bodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody [TPOAb] and thyroglobulin antibody [TgAb]) with CAD in euthyroid subjects undergoing coronary angiography.A total of 307 subjects who underwent coronary angiography were included. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by using Gensini score. Serum TSH, total T3, total T4, TPOAb, TgAb, lipid levels et al were measured and compared between the groups with and without CAD. Logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed to assess the associations. Levels of thyroid hormones were comparable between the two groups.The positive percentage of anti-Tg antibodies was higher in non-CAD group (15.22% vs 7.91%, χ² = 3.95, p = .047) while no significant difference was observed for anti-TPO antibodies (19.57% vs 17.21%, χ² = 0.243, p = .622). The natural log-transformed Gensini score (ln (Gensini score)) was lower in the TgAb+ group (2.94 ± 1.11 vs 2.41 ± 1.18, P = .015). There was no significant difference for ln (Gensini score) between TPOAb− and TPOAb+ group (2.90 ± 1.14 vs 2.85 ± 1.09, P = .782). Logistical regression analysis revealed that positive TgAb was inversely associated with the presence of CAD (OR: 0.387, 95% CI: 0.157–0.952, p = .039) independent of other risk factors.The results showed that TgAb positivity might be an independent protective factor for CAD.     

The efficacy of transitional care services in patients with transient ischemic attack: A retrospective cohort study

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) carries a particularly high short-term risk of stroke, which is associated with brain dysfunction caused by a regional reduction in blood flow. Transitional care services present benefits in improving ischemic neurological function and decreasing the recurrence in patients with TIA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transitional care on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for TIA. We retrospectively collected data about 1288 patients with TIA from May 2017 to June 2019. Patients were divided into mild (n = 438), moderate (n = 420) and severe group (n = 430) accessed by age, blood pressure, type of TIA, and duration (ABCD₂) score. Participants were patients hospitalized due to TIA, assigned to transitional care (n = 643) or usual care (n = 645), and followed up for 24 months. Physical function of patients was evaluated using the 6-minute walk test. We evaluated patient reach, implementation using hospital quality measures, hospital-level sustainability physical function, ischemic neurological score, composite quality indicator score, and recurrence of TIA between transitional care or usual care group. TIA patients in transitional care group had better physical function and quality indicator score, lower ischemic neurological score and recurrence of TIA, and shorter hospital stay than patients in usual care group. Results demonstrated that transitional care significantly improved the patients’ satisfaction compared to usual care. Patients in mild, moderate, and severe group presented more benefits than usual care clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for TIA. Transitional care is associated with better functional status for patients with TIA.