“Dog ear” formation after double-stapled low anterior resection as a risk factor for anastomotic disruption

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible deleterious effect of the lateral intersecting margins (so-called dog ears) on anastomotic disruption after experimentally performed double-stapled anastomoses. METHODS: Two groups of double-stapled side-to-end anastomoses were performed using pig small intestines. Group A consisted of 35 circular anastomoses and Group B of 32 double-stapled anastomoses with a bilateral dog ear. In both groups bursting pressures were tested using a water-filled, pressure-controlled automatic pumping system (Hamou Endomat®), and special attention was paid to the location(s) in the anastomoses were the disruption(s) occurred. RESULTS: In Group A bursting pressures were significantly higher than in Group B (median pressure, 90vs. 60 mmHg;P<0.001, Mann-WhitneyU test). Remarkably, in Group B in 13 cases (42 percent) the first disruption occurred at the corner of a dog ear. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the lateral intersections of double-stapled anastomoses are a structural weak spot and that the currently most often applied double-stapled anastomosis is a less effective type of anastomosis than a complete circular one. Resolving this technical problem might help to reduce the number of anastomotic disruptions after low anterior resections.Equipment supplied by Ethicon Endosurgery-Johnson & Johnson, the Netherlands.Presented at the meeting of the Dutch Surgical Society, Leiden, the Netherlands, November 27, 1998.     

Colorectal Anastomotic Stenosis After Elective Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy for Diverticular Disease: A Prospective Evaluation of 68 Patients

Purpose  This prospective study was designed to find the incidence of symptomatic anastomotic stenosis after elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for diverticular disease. Methods  Sixty-eight patients who underwent elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy with double-stapling colorectal anastomosis between November 1998 and June 2007 were included. Follow-up after hospitalization was performed by using sequential rectoscopy for all patients. Symptomatic patients with anastomotic stricture were treated. Results  No patient died postoperatively and no patient had anastomotic leak or abdominal septic complication. Twenty-two patients (32 percent) had postoperative symptoms that suggested anastomotic stenosis; 12 of them (17.6 percent) eventually needed dilatation of their anastomosis (median diameter of the stenosis: 7 mm) a mean time of 176 days postoperatively. Eight patients had only one session, three patients had two sessions, and one patient had three sessions. There were no complications and all patients were symptom-free after dilatation. Age, sex, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and vascular preservation had no influence on the risk of anastomotic stenosis. Conclusions  Incidence of symptomatic anastomotic stenosis after elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy is high (17.6 percent). No risk factor could be identified. Endoscopic dilatations were successful without complication in all cases. Regular rigid rectoscopy definitely should be part of the postoperative follow-up in symptomatic patients.     

内镜下联合治疗胃肠吻合术后24h内吻合口出血的探讨

目的：探讨内镜下联合治疗胃肠道术后24h内吻合口出血的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月-2014年4月在本院内镜中心接受内镜下联合治疗的胃肠吻合术后24h内吻合口出血的20例患者的临床资料。创面以渗血为主,吻合口情况较好时优先采用硬化剂＋电凝烧灼联合治疗;出血迅猛,动脉搏动性出血,表现为涌血,或吻合口组织水肿,采用硬化剂＋金属止血夹联合治疗。术后保留胃管,予止血、制酸等对症治疗。结果：内镜下止血即刻止血成功,立即止血成功率100％;无近期再出血病例,总有效率100％。结论：内镜下硬化剂注射＋高频电凝、硬化剂注射＋金属夹钳夹联合治疗胃肠吻合术24h内吻合口出血成功率高、并发率少、安全有效,应在临床上推广应用。     

Esophagectomy in patients with prior percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement

Background

The impact of preoperative percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement in patients undergoing esophagectomy is uncertain.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed in consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy. Patients were divided into groups based on whether or not they had preoperative PEG placement.

Results

One hundred seventeen patients were studied, 102 without (PEG−) and 15 with PEG+ before PEG tube placement. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 38% and 3%, respectively. The use of a gastric conduit was similar between groups (94% PEG− vs 87% PEG+, P = .27), and the presence of a PEG before PEG tube placement was not prohibitive in any case. Anastomotic leak rates were similar between groups (11% PEG− vs 15% PEG+, P = .65), and there were no leaks from previous PEG sites.

Conclusion

It appears that preoperative PEG tube placement has no adverse effect on the performance of esophagectomy and may be considered in highly selected patients with poor nutritional status.     

Mediastinal microdialysis in the diagnosis of early anastomotic leakage after resection for cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction

Background

Anastomotic leakage (AL) after gastroesophageal resection for cancer is a serious complication. The aim was to evaluate mediastinal microdialysis in the detection of AL before clinical symptoms.

Methods

Sixty patients were included. Samples were collected every 4 hours in the 1st 8 postoperative days and analyzed for several metabolites.

Results

Forty-four patients had an uncomplicated postoperative recovery, 7 developed anastomotic-related complications, and 5 developed major nonanastomotic-related complications. Six patients were excluded (early catheter malfunction and reoperation). Logistic regression model on several metabolites demonstrated a 100% sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values regarding the diagnosis of anastomotic complications within postoperative day 7. However, as independent markers, none of the measured metabolites were able to predict AL.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of anastomotic-related complications before clinical symptoms seemed possible by mediastinal microdialysis, but the diagnosis should be based on an interpretation of several metabolic events.     

Anastomotic leaks: technique and timing of detection

Background

Despite the proven benefits of laparoscopic colorectal surgery, the rate of anastomotic leaks has not changed. This study looks at the time of presentation of anastomotic leaks between laparoscopic and open colectomies.

Methods

Retrospective chart review was performed between July 2008 and 2012. Two groups were created, laparoscopic and open. The time of presentation of significant leaks requiring reoperation were compared between the groups by index colectomies. Statistical analysis is presented as paired t test and chi-square test (P < .05).

Results

From 1,424 segmental colectomies, the anastomotic leak rate between the two groups was not statically significant (P = .69). No difference in the time of leak detection was evident (P = .67). Mortality rate was equal between the groups. The overall complication rate of the entire cohort was statically significant (P ≤ .001).

Conclusion

The timing of anastomotic leak detection does not differ between laparoscopy and open colorectal resections.     

中低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术后吻合口瘘的相关因素分析与防治对策

目的 分析中低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术（TME）后发生吻合口瘘的原因及防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2005年3月至2013年3月行TME的216例中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料.结果 216例患者术后共发生吻合口瘘19例,其中2005年3月至2009年2月手术96例,发生吻合口瘘13例,2009年3月至2013年3月手术120例,发生吻合口瘘6例.发生时间为术后4～10d,平均7.3d.术后吻合口瘘的发生与性别、肿瘤Dukes分期、病理类型、不完全性肠梗阻无关（P＞0.05）;而与年龄、肿瘤下端距肛缘的距离、贫血、低蛋白血症、糖尿病、吻合器吻合后手工加强缝合有关（P＜ 0.05或＜0.01）.16例行保守治疗后愈合,3例严重吻合口瘘患者及时行横结肠造瘘术后治愈.结论 中低位直肠癌行TME后吻合口瘘是由多种因素所引起,精细的手术操作、良好的吻合、充分有效地引流和扩肛是预防和降低吻合口瘘的关键因素;贫血、低蛋白血症、糖尿病、低位吻合等是术后发生吻合口瘘的高危因素.对吻合口瘘的患者以保守治疗为主大多能治愈,若保守治疗无效,则选择合适时机行结肠造瘘.     

炎性因子在食管癌根治术后吻合口瘘早期诊断中的价值分析

目的 评价食管癌根治术病人术后血清及胸腔引流液中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平对早期诊断吻合口瘘的意义。方法 选择2017年1月至2018年6月安庆市立医院心胸外科确诊为食管癌并行食管癌根治术的住院病人156例为研究对象,根据是否发生吻合口瘘分为吻合口瘘组(AL组)、非吻合口瘘组(非AL组)。统计两组病人一般情况。分析对比两组病人术前和术后第3天静脉血中白细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、血红蛋白,血清中IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平,以及两组病人术后第3天胸腔引流液中白细胞、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平。结果 156例病人中,13例病人发生吻合口瘘(8.33%)。AL组病人住院时间为51(38,5)d,长于非AL组病人(Z=-5.212,P<0.001),两组病人包括术式在内的其他一般情况差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);两组病人术前和术后第3天静脉血白细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、血红蛋白,术前血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10以及术后第3天胸腔引流液中白细胞水平均差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)。在相同基线水平下,AL组病人术后第3天血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平分别为(367.90±173.78)、(467.95±197.22)、(40.73±10.98) pg/mL,高于非AL组(t=5.847,P<0.001;t=7.956,P<0.001;t=9.018,P<0.001);AL组病人胸腔引流液中IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平分别为(1 596.68±291.07)、(1 149.90±228.33)、(30.52±11.00) pg/mL,高于非AL组(t=14.417,P<0.001;t=9.720,P<0.001;t=6.609,P<0.001)。结论 血清及胸腔引流液中IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平对食管癌根治术后吻合口瘘早期诊断具有一定预测作用。