102例食管贲门癌术后无吻合口瘘临床分析

目的 总结102例食管贲门癌切除消化道重建无吻合口瘘的临床经验,避免或降低吻合口瘘的发生.方法 回顾性分析我院2001年1月至2005年12月手术治疗的102例食管贲门癌病人的临床资料.结果 全组无吻合口瘘发生,均痊愈出院.结论 手术中保证吻合口有良好的血运而无张力,避免过度牵拉、揉搓食管及胃壁,用胸膜或带蒂的大网膜覆盖吻合口,加强围术期处理,可避免或降低吻合口瘘的发生.     

Wide-lumen stapled anastomosisvs. conventional end-to-end anastomosis in the treatment of Crohn's disease

PURPOSE: Preanastomotic recurrence and stricturing after surgery for ileocolic Crohn's disease is a frequent, unexplained phenomena that may lead to prompt reoperation. The aim of this study was to determine whether a wide-lumen stapled anastomosis (side-to-side, functional end-to-end) provides better outcome than a conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis METHOD: A case-control comparative analysis of patients with Crohn's disease from two inflammatory bowel disease centers treated with wide-lumen stapled anastomosis and a matched (age and gender) group treated with conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 138 patients with Crohn's disease were treated, 69 with wide-lumen stapled anastomosis and 69 with conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis. Preoperative therapy, number of previous resections, indication for operation, and length of bowel resected were similar in both groups. Fewer complications occurred after wide-lumen stapled anastomosis (P=0.048). A total of 55 patients developed recurrent Crohn's disease symptoms, 39 (57 percent) in the conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis and 16 (24 percent) in the wide-lumen stapled anastomosis group. Median follow-up was 70 and 46 months, respectively. After conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis 18 reoperations were required, 15 for anastomotic stricture and 3 for fistulization. After wide-lumen stapled anastomosis three reoperations were necessary, two for stricture and one for fistulization. The cumulative reoperation rate for anastomotic recurrence was significantly lower (P=0.017; log-rank test) for the wide-lumen stapled anastomosis group. CONCLUSION: Wide-lumen stapled anastomosis is as safe as conventional sutured end-to-end anastomosis and results in a lower incidence of symptomatic recurrent Crohn's disease and need for reoperation. Further prospective study of the wide-lumen stapled anastomosis technique is necessary to define the precise role of this operation in patients with Crohn's disease.Read at The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons' 100th Anniversary and Tripartite Meeting, Washington, D.C., May 1 to 6, 1999.     

术中肠腔减压在左半结肠癌肠梗阻一期切除吻合术中的临床应用

目的探讨左半结肠癌肠梗阻术中排便减压一期切除吻合术的安全性和疗效。方法回顾分析2000年1月至2010年3月间对45例左半结肠癌肠梗阻患者行术中排便或/和灌洗一期切除吻合术的临床病理资料,并与同期行Hartmann术的28例左半结肠癌肠梗阻患者的临床疗效进行比较。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、基础疾病、肿瘤部位、分期等方面差异无统计学意义。术中一期切除吻合组与Hartmann术组并发症发生率分别为26.7%和28.6%（P=0.682）;手术死亡率分别为2.2%和3.6%（P=0.351）,差异均无统计学意义。术中一期切除吻合组总住院时间为（17.1±6.9）d,住院费用为（51087.5±37916.4）元;Hartmann术组首次手术切除和二次关瘘术的总住院时间为（25.7±8.9）d,两次总住院费用为（78624.2±31734.7）元;两组比较,分别为P=0.001和P=0.020,差异有统计学意义。结论严格掌握手术适应证和基本操作,对左半结肠癌肠梗阻术中排便减压一期切除吻合术是可行的、安全的。     

Anastomotic Leakage of a Colorectal Anastomosis Treated by Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery

Objective: To report a minimal invasive technique for repairing an anastomotic leakage with Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (T.E.M.) without creating a protective ostomy.

Summary: There are a large number of techniques for the management of anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery. Depending on the size and location of the disruption, a protective ileostomy, a permanent colostomy or even reïnterven-tion for drainage or closure of the leak may be indicated. In most cases the patient faces the morbidity associated with a new intervention, a prolonged hospital stay and a future operation for closure of the stoma. In the present case a 56-year-old man underwent a laparoscopic rectosigmoid resection after two episodes of diverticulitis in six months. An end-to-end circular stapled anastomosis was constructed. Unfortunately 8-days postoperatively an anastomotic leak occurred. Attempts to close the tear non-surgically with colonoscopy and clipping failed. A minimally invasive reintervention with transanal endoscopic microsurgery (T.E.M.) was performed without creation of an ileostomy.

One week postoperatively a gastrografin bowel study showed no leakage. To our knowledge, this technique has not yet been reported without the simultaneous construction of a stoma.

Conclusion: We describe a possible minimally invasive technique to avoid laparotomy and/or the creation of a derivative stoma in the management of anastomotic leakage. Hospital stay is not significantly prolonged, future reïntervention for closure of stoma is avoided and sphincter function is preserved.     

术前营养风险评分与直肠癌前切除术后吻合口瘘的关系

目的探讨直肠癌前切除患者术前营养风险评分与术后吻合口瘘的关系。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2012年7月间南方医科大学附属南方医院收治的641例直肠癌前切除患者的临床资料,采用营养风险筛查2002（NRS2002）进行术前营养风险评分,通过单因素x。检验和多因素Logistic回归模型来分析NRS2002评分与术后吻合口瘘发生的关系。结果全组术后吻合口瘘发生率为4．1％（26／641）,其中术前NRS2002评分大于或等于3分者与小于3分者术后吻合口瘘发生率分别为6．9％（18／259）和2．1％（8／382）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．002）。校正了年龄、吻合口距肛缘距离和临床病理分期等影响因素后证实,NRS2002评分是直肠癌前切除术后吻合口瘘的独立危险因素（OR=3．198,95％CI：1．324～7．722,P=0．010）。结论术前NRS2002营养风险评分有助于直肠癌前切除术后吻合口瘘的预测,从而为预防性造瘘的适应证选择提供科学依据。     

Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure of anastomotic leakage following anterior resection of the rectum: a new method

BACKGROUND: Conservative treatment of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of the rectum seems to be possible in patients who have no occurrence of generalized peritonitis. This report describes a new method of endoscopic management of large anastomotic leakage in these patients. METHOD: The main feature of this new method is the endoscopically assisted placement of an open-cell sponge connected to a vacuum device into the abscess cavity via an introducer device. The sponge system is changed every 48-72 h. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients with an anastomotic leakage after anterior resection were treated with the endoscopic vacuum therapy. The total duration of endovac therapy was 34.4 +/- 19.4 days. The total number of endoscopic sessions per patient was 11.4 +/- 6.3. In 21 of the 29 patients, a protecting stoma was created at the primary operation. Four patients were treated successfully without the need of a secondary stoma. Definitive healing was achieved in 28 of the 29 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure is a new efficacious modality for treating anastomotic leakage following anterior resection due to an effective control of the septic focus. Further studies will show if it is possible to reduce the high mortality rate of patients with anastomotic leakage through the avoidance of surgical reinterventions while at the same time preserving the sphincter function.     

直肠癌低位前切除术后早期吻合口出血的应对策略

目的:探讨直肠癌低位前切除术后早期吻合口出血的预防与处理.方法:回顾分析2018年1月至2020年6月收治的458例中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,患者行腹腔镜或达芬奇机器人直肠癌低位前切除术.结果:术后吻合口出血18例(3.9％),于术后3～18 h发现;出血量100～500 mL.5例经内镜下钛夹止血,8例经肛门吻合口...     

肠镜在腹腔镜辅助低位直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血防治中的意义

目的:探讨肠镜在腹腔镜辅助低位直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血防治中的意义。方法 :回顾性分析我院2006年1月至2011年12月共279例腹腔镜直肠癌根治术病人的资料,其中18例术后吻合口出血。采用卡方检验分析影响吻合口出血的可能因素,对于P     

结直肠癌术后吻合口漏预测因素研究进展

吻合口漏是结直肠癌术后严重的并发症之一,危险因素众多且发生隐匿,极大地影响患者术后疗效和生活质量.探寻有效的影响因素以提前预测吻合口漏的发生并给予相应处理对降低其发病率以期改善患者不良预后具有重要临床意义.本文将从围手术期相关因素和生物学标记物两个方面综述结直肠癌术后吻合口漏的危险因素,目的为预测吻合口漏的发生及改善吻...     

Biliary complications in liver transplantation: Impact of anastomotic technique and ischemic time on short- and long-term outcome

AIM: To elucidate the impact of various donor recipient and transplant factors on the development of biliary complications after liver transplantation.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 200 patients of our newly established liver transplantation(LT) program, who received full size liver graft. Biliary reconstruction was performed by side-to-side(SS), end-to-end(EE) anastomosis or hepeaticojejunostomy(HJ). Biliary complications(BC), anastomotic stenosis, bile leak, papillary stenosis, biliary drain complication, ischemic type biliary lesion(ITBL) were evaluated by studying patient records, corresponding radiologic imaging and reports of interventional procedures [e.g., endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)]. Laboratory results included alanine aminotransferase(ALT), gammaglutamyltransferase and direct/indirect bilirubin with focus on the first and fifth postoperative day, six weeks after LT. The routinely employed external bile drain was examined by a routine cholangiography on the fifth postoperative day and six weeks after transplantation as a standard procedure, but also whenever clinically indicated. If necessary, interventional(e.g., ERCP) or surgical therapy was performed. In case of biliary complication, patients were selected, assigned to different complication-groups and subsequently reviewed in detail. To evaluate the patients outcome, we focussed on appearance of postoperative/post-interventional cholangitis, need for rehospitalisation, retransplantation, ITBL or death caused by BC.RESULTS: A total of 200 patients [age: 56(19-72), alcoholic cirrhosis: n = 64(32%), hepatocellular carcinoma: n = 40(20%), acute liver failure: n = 23(11.5%), cryptogenic cirrhosis: n = 22(11%), hepatitis B virus /hepatitis C virus cirrhosis: n = 13(6.5%), primary sclerosing cholangitis: n = 13(6.5%), others: n = 25(12.5%) were included. The median follow-up was 27 mo until June 2015. The overall biliary complication rate was 37.5%(n = 75) with anastomotic strictures(AS): n = 38(19%), bile leak(BL): n = 12(6%), biliary drain complication: n = 12(6%); papillary stenosis(PS): n = 7(3.5%), ITBL: n = 6(3%). Clinically relevant were only 19%(n = 38). We established a comprehensive classification for AS with four grades according to clinical relevance. The reconstruction techniques [SS: n = 164, EE: n = 18, HJ: n = 18] showed no significant impact on the development of BCs in general(all n 0.05), whereas in the HJ group significantly less AS were found(P = 0.031). The length of donor intensive care unit stay over 6 d had a significant influence on BC development(P = 0.007, HR = 2.85; 95%CI: 1.33-6.08) in the binary logistic regression model, whereas other reviewed variables had not [warm ischemic time 45 min(P = 0.543), cold ischemic time 10 h(P = 0.114), ALT init 1500 U/L(P = 0.631), bilirubin init 5 mg/d L(P = 0.595), donor age 65(P = 0.244), donor sex(P = 0.068), rescue organ(P = 0.971)]. 13%(n = 10) of BCs had no therapeutic consequences, 36%(n = 27) resulted in repeated lab control, 40%(n = 30) received ERCP and 11%(n = 8) surgical therapy. Fifteen(7.5%) patients developed cholangitis [AS(n = 6), ITBL(n = 5), PS(n = 3), biliary lesion BL(n = 1)]. One patient developed ITBL twelve months after LT and subsequently needed retransplantation. Rehospitalisation rate was 10.5 %(n = 21) [AS(n = 11), ITBL(n = 5), PS(n = 3), BL(n = 1)] with intervention or reinterventional therapy as main reasons. Retransplantation was performed in 5(2.5%) patients [ITBL(n = 1), acute liver injury(ALI) by organ rejection(n = 3), ALI by occlusion of hepatic artery(n = 1)]. In total 21(10.5%) patients died within the follow-up period. Out of these, one patient with AS developed severe fatal chologenic sepsis after ERCP.CONCLUSION: In our data biliary reconstruction technique and ischemic times seem to have little impact on the development of BCs.