膀胱结石发病正走向高龄化

本文对66例膀胱结石患者的年龄分布及其与局部伴发疾病的关系进行了统计分析,结果表明,膀胱结石占同期尿路结石24.5％,其中小于10岁的儿童患者占总数日9.4％,50岁以上患者占33.3％,伴有局部因素者占42.4％,且以老年性前列腺肥大者居多。提示了我区膀胱结石不发病现状和高龄化趋势。     

非特殊类型湿疹临床相关因素分析

目的分析非特殊类型湿疹的临床特征及引起该病的临床相关因素,为早期预防、诊治及预后提供参考依据。方法对我院收治的54例非特殊类型湿疹患者的临床病例资料进行回顾性统计、分析。结果非特殊类型湿疹患者,夏天发病的占总数的51.9%（28/54）,秋季次之,约占总数的27.8%（15/54）;在发病部位上面,皮疹首发部位以四肢最多见,占总数的51.9%（28/54）;其次为躯干,约占总数的24.1%（13/54）。不同年龄组非特殊类型湿疹患者在发病年龄、发病性别及发病季节分布上差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论非特殊类型湿疹是由外界刺激与内在身体因素共同导致的,可发生于任何年龄段人群的任何部位,为防止进一步加重,应对其致病源进行及时发现和处理。     

Study protocol of a multicenter registry of patients with rheumatoid arthritis starting biologic therapy in Japan: Tsurumai Biologics Communication Registry (TBCR) Study

Abstract

Biologic agents have proven to be effective against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance (PMS) studies. However, limited follow-up periods and strict criteria for recruitment might lead to an underestimation of adverse events. To document the long-term course of patients with RA treated with biologics in clinical settings, we established the Tsurumai Biologics Communication Registry (TBCR). First, we retrospectively collected data of patients registered for any biologic PMS study or clinical trial at participating institutes. Thus far, thirteen institutes have joined the registry and 860 patients have been identified. Comparing baseline characteristics by age and initiation year of biologics, young patients had significantly less joint damage and dysfunction and a higher dose of concomitant methotrexate (MTX) compared to older patients. Older age and functional class were significantly related to the incidence of adverse events that resulted in discontinuation of the 1st biologic treatment. The TBCR is in its initial stages, and information on all patients newly starting biologic therapy at participating institutes is being collected prospectively. Differences in baseline characteristics by age and initiation year of biologics need to be carefully evaluated in order to report on drug-related survival and long-term prognosis, using follow-up data in the near future.     

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase gene mutations in Danish patients with porphyria cutanea tarda

Decreased uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD) activity is a characteristic feature of the most common of the porphyrias, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). A subgroup of the clinically overt PCT cases is associated with mutations in the gene encoding UROD and inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait. In this study, DNAs from 53 Danish PCT patients were subjected to genetic analysis for UROD mutations using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Eleven genetic variations, seven of which are possible disease causing, were identified. All but one of these mutations were previously unknown, lending further support to the assumption that PCT is a heteroallelic disease. Only 11% of the examined patients were previously recognized as familial PCT cases. However, possible disease-related UROD mutations were identified in 24% of the examined patients, indicating that genetic analysis of PCT patients may improve differentiation between familial and sporadic PCT cases.     

Characteristics of frequent attenders in different age and sex groups in primary health care

Objective. To explore depression from a gender perspective, by capturing depressed women's and men's formulations of their experiences and understanding of their situation. Design. Qualitative interview study. Setting. A healthcare centre in northern Sweden. Subjects. Eighteen patients who had been diagnosed with depression and treated for at least 6 months were interviewed in depth, both women and men of different ages and social status. Open questions were posed around the themes of Malterud's key questions, focusing especially on how the informants conveyed their experiences. Interviewing and qualitative data analysis went on simultaneously. Results. The experience of depression held similarities for men and women, but the outward manifestations differed by gender as well as socioeconomic status. Though experiences of high demands underlay the narratives of all informants, home or work had different priority. Men talked more easily about physical distress – often the heart – than about emotions. Women verbalized more readily emotional distress – shame and guilt – while physical symptoms often revolved around the stomach. Men dealt with insecurity by aggrandizing their previous competence, women by self-effacement. Conclusion. As clinicians we must listen attentively not only to the manifest but to the avoided or unarticulated. By doing so we might counteract normative gender patterns that highlight the depression of women and conceal that of men.     

非痴呆帕金森病患者事件相关电位变化的研究

 目的 通过事件相关电位(ERP)观察非痴呆帕金森病( PD)患者识别、区分熟悉和不熟悉人名的认知能力有无损害,以及年龄与PD患者认知功能的相关性.方法 采用EMS 32导脑电地形图机及其处理系统,以熟悉和不熟悉的人名作为诱发ERP的方法 ,观察32例PD患者事件相关电位P300波群的变化.结果 (1)PD组熟悉人名和不熟悉人名诱发的P3波幅之差较对照组明显缩小(P<0.05 );(2)PD组无论熟悉人名与不熟悉人名诱发的N2、P3潜伏期与患者年龄有显著正相关性(P <0.05～0.01).65岁以上PD组与对照组相比,N2、P3潜伏期显著延长(熟悉:P<0.01 ;P<0.01;不熟悉:P<0.01;P<0.01);熟悉人名诱发的P3波幅较对照组显著降低(P<0.01),熟悉人名与不熟悉人名诱发的波幅差距进一步缩短.结论 非痴呆PD患者识别熟悉人名的认知能力下降,并与年龄呈负相关.事件相关电位可检测 PD患者早期认知功能障碍.     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者再灌注治疗预后的影响因素

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者再灌注治疗预后的影响因素。方法 选取2012年1月～2015年1月于我院行再灌注治疗的126例STEMI患者作为研究对象,采用回顾性分析所有患者的临床及随访资料,根据其资料结果记录所有患者的性别、年龄、疾病史等一般临床资料,疾病情况、血红蛋白等相关临床指标水平以及再灌注治疗后的预后效果,并比较不同预后效果患者间上述资料的差异性。分析影响再灌注治疗STEMI患者预后的因素。结果 126例STEMI患者经再灌注治疗后预后好106例(8413%),预后差20例(1587%); 年龄≥60岁的STEMI患者其女性和糖尿病比例以及心功能killip分级较高,而吸烟和饮酒患者较少,血红蛋白水平较低,预后较差（P＜005）;中、重度贫血患者其女性、吸烟、糖尿病比例和年龄及心功能能killip分级均高于非贫血和轻度贫血者,且前两者预后更差比较差异间均具有统计学意义（P＜005）;既往存在糖尿病病史,有吸烟、喝酒习惯,心功能killip分级过高、血脂异常以及年龄≥60岁和中、重度贫血的STEMI患者经再灌注治疗后其预后较差（P＜005）;经非条件多因素Lgistic回归模型分析显示,killip分级过高、血脂异常以及年龄≥60岁和中、重度贫血是影响STEMI再灌注治疗预后效果的独立危险因素（P＜005）。结论 STEMI患者经再灌注治疗后的预后效果尚可,年龄≥60岁和中、重度贫血等均为影响STEMI再灌注治疗预后效果的独立危险因素,可将其联合作为临床上评估STEMI患者经再灌注治疗预后效果的有效指标。     

Influence of the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip by the abduction brace on locomotor development in children

Purpose  

To assess the influence of treating developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with the abduction brace on locomotor development in children.     

Structural Aging: The Facial Recurve Concept

Cutaneous facial aging is responsible for the increasingly wrinkled and blotchy appearance of the skin, whereas aging of the facial structures is attributed primarily to gravity. This article purports to show, however, that the primary etiology of structural facial aging relates instead to repeated contractions of certain facial mimetic muscles, the age marker fascicules, whereas gravity only secondarily abets an aging process begun by these muscle contractions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has allowed us to study the contrasts in the contour of the facial mimetic muscles and their associated deep and superficial fat pads in patients of different ages. The MRI model shows that the facial mimetic muscles in youth have a curvilinear contour presenting an anterior surface convexity. This curve reflects an underlying fat pad lying deep to these muscles, which acts as an effective mechanical sliding plane. The muscle’s anterior surface convexity constitutes the key evidence supporting the authors’ new aging theory. It is this youthful convexity that dictates a specific characteristic to the muscle contractions conveyed outwardly as youthful facial expression, a specificity of both direction and amplitude of facial mimetic movement. With age, the facial mimetic muscles (specifically, the age marker fascicules), as seen on MRI, gradually straighten and shorten. The authors relate this radiologic end point to multiple repeated muscle contractions over years that both expel underlying deep fat from beneath the muscle plane and increase the muscle resting tone. Hence, over time, structural aging becomes more evident as the facial appearance becomes more rigid.