女性主义与女性生命伦理——以美与生命之间紧张关系及其解决为例

女性主义与我国主流意识形态所倡导的男女平等观念共同作用，深刻地影响了当代中国社会的女性生命伦理观念和行为。当前社会中女性追求身体之美的行为与生命存续之间存在的紧张关系表明，在女性主义影响下，女性已日益摆脱了对男性的依附，获得了与男性的平等和生命的独立性、自主性，但也潜藏着生命伦理危机。因此，在女性生命伦理问题上，必须注意利用女性主义对女性生命意识的积极影响，同时防止女性生命意识的畸变与生命伦理危机。     

Color related to ceramic and zirconia restorations: A review

The requirement to achieve natural looking restorations is one of the most challenging aspects of dentistry, and the shade matching of dental restorations with the natural dentition is a difficult task due to the complex optical characteristics of natural teeth. Dental porcelain is considered the reference material for prosthetic rehabilitation, but it is not easy to handle and aesthetic excellence is quite difficult to obtain. For these reasons, shade matching with dental porcelain is often considered to be more artistic than scientific. Shade matching is considered unpredictable due to several variables that may influence the final appearance of a restoration. In order to improve this situation, over the last decade new shade guides and instruments have been developed and the aesthetic aspects of dental porcelain have been further investigated. In this review some aspects of color selection and color reproduction have been examined. Color selection has advanced through the development of new shade guides and electronic shade taking devices, although visual assessment has still not been entirely replaced by electronic instruments. Color reproduction with dental porcelain has improved thanks to advances in the performance and knowledge of dental porcelain, but is still not easy to achieve. The difficulties of achieving good aesthetics with PFM restorations and the desire for metal free solutions have resulted in the increased use of zirconia. The unique optical properties of zirconia have introduced new opportunities for achieving superior aesthetics, however further research is required with this material.     

The sensuous lip

The author uses Zyplast to help increase the volume of the upper or lower lip. It is emphasized that there is a clear bilobulation of the lower lip which creates the appearance of a beautiful mouth. His injection of Zyplast demonstrates a technique that helps to emphasize this bilobulation.     

[Translated article] Artificial intelligence in dermatology: A threat or an opportunity?

The worldwide explosion of interest in artificial intelligence (AI) has created a before-and-after moment in our lives by generating great improvements in such sectors as the automotive and food production industries. AI has even been called the fourth industrial revolution. Machine learning through AI is helping to improve professional processes and promises to transform the health care sector as we know it in various ways: 1) through applications able to promote health in the general population by providing high-quality information and offering advice for different segments of the population based on prediction models; 2) by developing prediction models based on anonymized clinical data, for preventive purposes in primary care; 3) by analyzing images to provide additional decision-making support for health care providers, for improving specialist care at the secondary level; and 4) through robotics applied to processes that promote health and well-being. However, the medical profession harbors doubts about whether this revolution is a threat or an opportunity owing to a lack of understanding of AI technology and the methods used to validate its applications. This article outlines basic aspects of AI as it is applied in dermatology and reviews the main advances achieved in the last 5 years.     

VIP-CT瓣在美学区即刻种植即刻修复中的临床应用

目的 探讨采用血管化骨膜-结缔组织夹层(VIP-CT)瓣在美学区即刻种植即刻修复中的临床效果。方法 选择合适的上颌前牙区单牙微创拔牙后即刻种植即刻修复患者共30例,均采用VIP-CT瓣关闭拔牙创口,制作临时冠诱导牙龈成形,且术后3个月左右行最终修复。修复完成后当天、6个月及12个月,以粉红美学指数(PES)对种植体周围软组织进行美学评价;同时以视觉模拟评分法(VAS)对患者进行主观满意度调查。结果 在追踪评估期间内,2例患者未按时复诊退出评估,剩余28例患者各时期的PES评分分别为(12.23±1.56)、(11.47±1.42)和(11.35±1.21)分,术后创面均完全封闭,唇侧丰满度较好,种植体周围软组织形态恢复正常,患者满意度较高。结论 在美学区即刻种植即刻修复中采用VIP-CT瓣可以获得良好的美学修复效果。     

Creating aesthetic success through proper clinician and laboratory technical communication

High-quality aesthetic restorations that look great, function ideally, and last can only be predictably produced through implementation of excellent communication techniques and systems between the doctor and ceramist. With the availability of technology and the Internet, it is now easy to involve the laboratory via digital photographs. This article challenges one to begin including the laboratory early in the process and routinely use reliable techniques to transfer clinically significant information to the laboratory bench.     

置骨法重塑种植牙牙间龈乳头的稳定性观察

目的：观察置骨法重塑种植牙牙间乳头的稳定性,探讨种植牙牙间乳头重塑的可行性方法。方法：选取102例牙周骨质较好、两颗及以上连续缺失的种植病例,分成两组,每组51例。置骨组在植入种植体时,其顶部高于骨皮质0.51.0 mm。在种植体之间的骨皮质处打微细滋养孔,取邻近牙槽骨或回收自体骨与Bio-oss骨粉混合,置于种植体间和唇侧牙龈不饱满处,将Bio-Gide膜剪孔,严密覆盖种植体周围,固定。将龈瓣以L型转瓣分别缝于种植体间,或者在种植同期用＂split-finger＂技术恢复重建龈乳头。共修复种植体间乳头76个。另一组则在完成常规种植体植入后,将牙龈转瓣缝合,在唇侧不饱满处,取上腭黏膜垫入。共修复种植体间乳头67个。在12个月时分别测定两组牙龈乳头指数（papilla index score,PIS）和主观美观指数以及种植体周围袋的深度,进行比较。结果：置骨组种植体间乳头的PIS 3级（P〈0.01）和主观美观指数Ⅰ级数量（P〈0.05）明显高于常规组。置骨组比常规组更能达到最佳的龈乳头修复。结论：置骨法重塑种植体牙间乳头,在多颗种植牙时有一定的应用价值。     

微创环切术对种植修复效果影响的研究

目的:研究微创环切术对口腔种植效果、疼痛程度及美观的影响。方法:90例口腔种植患者均分为2组, A组单牙位常规翻瓣植入种植体,B组微创环切术植入种植体,。对比分析2组种植效果、疼痛程度、手术时间及美观情况。结果:B组手术时间、术后疼痛时间分别为(13.95±0.26) min、(0.63±3.65) d,低于A组(28.05±0.53) min和(3.74±0.42) d,P<0.05。2组牙槽嵴骨吸收量及牙龈乳头高度对比则无明显差异;B组美学评分为(7.46±1.25)分,高于A组(13.05±1.74)分,P<0.01。结论:相比单牙位常规翻瓣种植,微创环切术在能缩短种植手术时间、减轻疼痛程度的基础上,提高美学效果,值得进一步推广和应用。     

Aesthetic replacement of an anterior tooth using the natural tooth as a pontic; an innovative technique

This article presents a novel technique for replacing an anterior tooth. A new modification to the clinical technique of direct fabrication of a resin-bonded bridge was employed, in which the patient’s natural tooth was used as a pontic. Treatment with this modification led to overall improved aesthetics and reduced treatment cost. The natural tooth pontic was stabilized in the extraction socket with a resin-wire splint as a provisional restoration to maintain the gingival architecture while the permanent bridge was being constructed.     

Aesthetic discourses in early childhood settings: Dewey,Steiner, and Vygotsky

Early childhood, when young children are already capable of undergoing aesthetic experience, must be the starting point for aesthetic education. Despite increasing attention to the significant values of the arts in early childhood classrooms, no theoretical framework to support aesthetic education has been established. This article introduces the theories of John Dewey, Rudolf Steiner and Lev Vygotsky, whose ideas and thoughts have many important implications for the arts and aesthetic education for young children. These scholars' historical backgrounds and theories on human learning, the arts and aesthetics have been explored to support the practical dimension of aesthetic education at the early childhood level.