慢性ITP外周血单个核细胞Th1/Th2亚群反应状态及生血灵干预研究

目的探讨辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群Th1、Th2在慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)发病中的作用,观察生血灵对慢性ITP Th1、Th2亚群功能状态的影响。方法以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)检测慢性ITP患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清中Th1型细胞因子IL-2和Th2型细胞因子IL-10的水平。结果慢性ITP患者PBMC培养上清中IL-2和IL-10的含量均较正常对照组明显减低(P均<0.001),生血灵对其具有明显提升作用(P<0.01)。结论慢性ITP患者Th亚群免疫功能低下。生血灵治疗慢性ITP能够增强Th亚群免疫功能,恢复其平衡。     

LenkeⅠ型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者两侧肋骨长度的差异性研究

目的揭示青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（adolescentid iopathic scoliosis，AIS）患者顶椎区两侧肋骨长度是否存在差异，并探讨其与AIS病因学的关系。方法研究对象为LenkeI型AIS患者62例，均为胸右主弯，年龄10～18岁（13．5±2．3岁），Cobb角25°～100°（43°±16°），顶椎位于T6～T10°根据Cobb角分为3组：A组，Cobb角〈40°，28例；B组，40°≤Cobb角〈60°，25例；C组，Cobb角≥60°，9例。采用CT三维重建的方法测量所有病例顶椎区包括顶椎及其上下各一椎体两侧肋骨的长度。结果A组中顶椎及其下一椎体凹侧肋骨显著长干凸侧（P〈0．01），而其上一椎体两侧肋骨长度无显著性差异（P〉0．05），B组及C组顶椎区凹侧肋骨均显著长干凸侧（P〈0．01）。AIS患者顶椎区两侧肋骨长度的差值与Cobb角之间呈显著正相关（P〈0．01）。结论LenkeI型AIS患者顶椎区两侧肋骨长度存在不对称，但此不对称是否为侧凸形成的一个原发致病因素有待进一步研究。     

电针联合中药外敷治疗特发性面神经麻痹的临床疗效观察

[目的] 评价电针联合中药外敷治疗特发性面神经麻痹的临床疗效和安全性。[方法] 符合纳入与排除标准的 180 名特发性面神经麻痹患者按 1∶1∶1 比例被随机分为治疗 1 组、治疗 2 组和对照组,治疗 1 组采用电针治疗,治疗 2 组采用电针联合中药外敷治疗,对照组采用西药口服治疗,3 组患者均接受 3 周的治疗。主要结局指标为Sunnybrook 面部分级系统（SFGS）评分,次要结局指标为 House-Brackmann 分级量表（HBGS）评分,NottinghamSystem 评分和不良事件发生率。[结果] 164 人完成了 3 周的治疗,其中治疗 1 组 56 例,治疗 2 组 53 例,对照组 55 例,3 组患者的基线特征一致。治疗 3 周后,3 组患者的 SFGS 评分、HBGS 评分和 Nottingham System 评分均优于治疗前（P<0.01）,且治疗 2 组的各评分优于治疗 1 组和对照组（P<0.05）,差异均具有统计学意义;研究过程中 3 组患者均未出现不良反应。[结论] 电针联合中药外敷是一种安全有效的特发性面神经麻痹治疗方案,可以促进面神经功能的恢复,为进一步改善特发性面瘫患者的预后提供了新的治疗思路。     

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯胸腰椎生理曲度的影像学研究

目的:探讨青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)胸腰椎生理曲度变化情况以及不同类型侧弯之间胸腰椎生理曲度的差异。方法:自2017年1月至2021年12月回顾性分析305例脊柱全长正侧位X线片的青少年患者,根据有无侧弯分为正常组和侧弯组。正常组179例,男79例,女100例;年龄10~18(12.84±2.10)岁。侧弯组126例,男33例,女93例;年龄10~18(13.92±2.20)岁。观察并比较两组Risser征、胸椎后凸角(thoracic kyphosis,TK)与腰椎前凸角(lumbar lordosis,LL),并分析比较不同性别、不同程度侧弯与不同节段侧弯TK值与LL值。结果:侧弯组在女性比率(P=0.001)、年龄(P<0.001)方面均明显高于正常组;Risser征方面,正常组低级别骨化程度比率明显高于侧弯组(P=0.038)。侧弯组TK值明显小于正常组(P<0.001),而两组LL值比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.147)。男性与女性之间比较,TK值与LL值差异无统计学意义。轻度侧弯TK值明显大于中度侧弯(P<0.05),但LL值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同节段侧弯之间TK值与LL值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:胸椎与腰椎生理曲度均与性别无关;AIS患者胸椎生理曲度变小,但是腰椎生理曲度基本不变。轻度AIS患者的胸椎生理曲度大于中度AIS患者,但是腰椎生理曲度在轻中度患者之间几乎无差异,且与正常青少年相似。AIS患者胸腰椎生理曲度变化可能与脊柱前柱相对生长过快有关,其具体机制有待进一步研究。     

Additive Manufacturing of Spinal Braces: Evaluation of Production Process and Postural Stability in Patients with Scoliosis

Spinal orthoses produced using additive manufacturing show great potential for obtaining patient-specific solutions in clinical applications, reducing manual operations, time consumption, and material waste. This study was conducted to evaluate the production process of spinal orthoses produced by additive manufacturing, and to test the effects of 3D-printed braces on postural stability in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and osteogenesis imperfecta. Ten patients were recruited consecutively and were asked to wear a spinal orthosis produced by additive manufacturing for 2 weeks. The four phases of the production process for each brace were evaluated separately on a scale from 0 (not acceptable) to 3 (optimal). Postural stability in the unbraced and the two braced conditions (3D-printed and conventional) was assessed using validated metrics obtained from a wearable inertial sensor. The production process was evaluated as good in four cases, acceptable in five cases, and not acceptable in one case, due to problems in the printing phase. No statistically significant differences were observed in any of the postural balance metrics between the 3D-printed and conventional brace. On the other hand, postural balance metrics improved significantly with both types of braces with respect to the unbraced condition. Spinal orthoses produced with an innovative production process based on digital scans, CAD, and 3D printing are valid alternatives to conventionally produced orthoses, providing equivalent postural stability.     

Intervention to Improve Menstrual Health Among Adolescent Girls Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior in Iran: A Cluster-randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives:Poor menstrual health may lead to school absenteeism and adverse health outcomes for adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pubertal and menstrual health education on health and preventive behaviors among Iranian secondary school girls.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a health intervention program. A total of 578 students (including intervention and control participants) in 12 schools in Tehran Province, Iran were included by multistage random sampling. The program comprised seven 2-hour educational sessions. After confirming the reliability and validity of a researcher-made questionnaire, that questionnaire was used to collect the required data, and the groups were followed up with after 6 months.Results:After the educational intervention, the mean scores of menstrual health-related knowledge and constructs of the theory of planned behavior were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.001 for all dimensions).Conclusions:The results of this study emphasize the effectiveness of menstrual health interventions in schools. These findings should also encourage health policy-makers to take committed action to improve performance in schools.     

特发性黄斑裂孔患者术后黄斑区视网膜微结构修复与视功能恢复关系研究

目的 观察特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)患者术后黄斑区视网膜各层微结构解剖修复过程与视功能恢复的关系.方法 回顾性研究.选取手术治疗的IMH患者40例40眼,根据患眼术后1周～1个月光学相干断层扫描(OCT)图像微结构连续变化的愈合特征分为3组,其中,A组:裂孔缺损组织及黄斑中心凹曲线完全或部分修复,且已修复部分为椭圆体带先...     

M2型巨噬细胞促分泌的IL-6因子对成纤维细胞活化的作用机制研究

特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF)通常伴有炎症反应,其中巨噬细胞与其密切相关,通过巨噬细胞与肺成纤维细胞共培养模型和博来霉素诱导的IPF小鼠模型,本文探究了巨噬细胞和白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6, IL-6)与IPF的联系。动物福利和实验过程均遵循天津中医药大学动物伦理委员会的规定。结果表明,博来霉素(bleomycin, BLM)诱导的IPF小鼠体内IL-6含量明显升高,且肺部有大量的炎性细胞浸润。划痕及免疫荧光实验结果表明,共培养36 h替代活化型(alternatively activated, M2)巨噬细胞可诱导成纤维细胞迁移及活化,且在共培养体系中IL-6的表达随之增多。划痕及天狼星红实验结果证明IL-6可促进成纤维细胞迁移和活化。研究结果证明, M2型巨噬细胞通过促进成纤维细胞分泌IL-6,从而诱导成纤维细胞活化及迁移,影响IPF发展。     

褪黑素缺乏影响脊柱侧弯的研究进展

脊柱侧弯是一种常见的脊柱畸形,可能会增加发生背痛的风险,导致肩部不平衡和胸部畸形,甚至影响到患者的心肺功能或对神经造成不可逆的损伤。褪黑素可以改善骨代谢平衡和增加骨密度,目前关于褪黑素干预骨代谢有许多假说,对于褪黑素缺乏是否会导致脊柱侧弯的发生仍存在争议。血清褪黑素水平较低的脊柱侧弯患者,使用褪黑素进行补充,或许在一定程度上能防止脊柱侧弯的发展,并存在一定的治疗效果。本文综述了近年来关于褪黑素缺乏与脊柱侧弯的关系的相关研究,以期为脊柱侧弯的治疗提供参考。     

Atrial Fibrillation-triggered Ventricular Fibrillation in a Patient with Early Repolarization Syndrome

A 54-year-old man with early repolarization syndrome (ERS) implanted with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) developed persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) three years after the implantation. Similarly, the remote monitoring system begun frequently detecting ventricular fibrillation (VF) and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT). Longer RR intervals were repeatedly observed just before the initiation of PVT/VF. Catheter ablation for AF successfully diminished both the PVT and VF events.