两种后牙根管预备方法的临床效果比较

目的 :评估 2种后牙根管预备方法的临床效果。方法 :采用机用镍钛扩大锉 (ProFile)和手用不锈钢扩大锉 (K file)扩大后牙根管 ,并对 2组病例术后疼痛以及充填情况加以比较。结果 :发现机用镍钛扩大锉扩大后牙根管 ,具有去除根管感染物质彻底 ,根管形态保持良好 ,速度快 ,术后疼痛率较低的优点 ,但易出现断针。而手用不锈钢扩大锉扩大后牙根管速度较慢 ,术后疼痛率略高 ,但不易出现断针 ,操作上容易掌握。结论 :2种后牙根管方法都有优缺点 ,可结合起来使用。     

氟骨症性椎管狭窄症的手术治疗

１９８７～１９９０年手术治疗氟骨症性椎管狭窄症１００例。包括颈椎９例，胸椎８例，腰、骶椎８３例。术后随访１～４年，复查结果：临床治愈９３例（９３％）：显效３例（３％）、有效３例（３％）、无效１例（１％）。手术原则是彻底减压，因氟骨症具有椎骨及其骨周组织严重退变、异化和骨化的临床病理特点，故在胸、腰椎减压术后，一般不影响其稳定性，在颈椎施行双开式或单开式椎管扩大加植骨融合术，则可收减压、稳定及防止或减少椎板间隙瘢痕狭窄的效果。     

椎板后移回植的椎管扩大术治疗椎管狭窄症

作者报告棘突劈开、椎板后移回植的椎管扩大术治疗椎管狭窄症１８２例，使椎管容积扩大３４．８％，横径扩大３．８ｍｍ，矢径扩大６．１ｍｍ。随访２年９个月，优良率８６．６％，椎板愈合率９６．９％。本文探讨少数椎板迟延愈合的原因和预防措施，如斜切椎板、缝合固定和腰背筋膜与棘上韧带悬吊缝合等。术后卧床１０～１２周，用石膏型保护。作者认为本法能有效的预防术后脊柱不稳，顽固性腰痛等并发症。     

腰椎间盘突出合并椎管狭窄的手术治疗

报告手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并退行性腰椎管狭窄症１０４例。术后随访９０例，随诊时６个月～６年。优良率８６．５％，无腰椎不稳和腰椎滑脱等并发症。为获得优良效果，作者强调在处理椎间盘突出的同时必须彻底解除侧隐窝及神经根管，黄韧带肥厚对神经根的压迫，才能彻底根除症状     

压缩回复式椎管扩大成形术治疗胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤

目的介绍压缩回复式椎管扩大成形加内固定术在胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤中的应用。方法对58例胸腰椎骨折合并脊髓损伤患者，采用自制组合式嵌打整复器对突入椎管的碎骨块，嵌击复位压缩成形，从而扩大椎管容积，同时重建病椎棘上棘间韧带，并行内固定，恢复脊柱后部结构的稳定性。结果50例获得随访，平均2年6个月，30例已恢复轻工作，9例可扶拐下地活动。结论压缩回复式椎管扩大成形术是治疗胸腰椎骨折合并脊髓损伤的新术式，值得在基层医院推广。     

Complications associated with maxillary nerve block anaesthesia via the greater palatine canal

This paper documents the type, frequency and duration of complications associated with regional anaesthesia of the maxillary nerve via the greater palatine canal in a series of 101 patients treated in the Oral Surgery Department, United Dental Hospital of Sydney.     

上颌第一恒磨牙根管治疗的临床疗效分析

目的 总结并分析上颌第一恒磨牙根管治疗的临床疗效。方法 对151颗上颌第一桓磨牙患牙进行根管治疗并观察疗效。结果 151例患牙完成根管充填136颗；治愈率为90.07%。共检出四根管32颗，检出率为21.19%。结论 熟悉髓室和根管的解剖形态，正确的根管预备，严密的根管充填，是提高上颌第一恒磨牙根管治疗疗效的必要条件。     

面神经管及其定位的研究

本文对80侧颞骨标本研究结果表明,面神经在内耳道、迷路段、水平段和垂直段的长度((?)±SD,mm)成人分别为:12.30±2.47、3.84±0.58、9.95±3.16、11.88±2.37;儿童为11.21±2.27、3.75±1.11、9.66±1.34、11.67±1.75,同时还观测了面神经管与周围结构的关系,为 Bell 面瘫减压术和面神经修补术提供了形态学依据。     

美维松对膈肌功能的影响

目的：研究不同剂量美维松对膈肌和拇收肌的抑制时程与恢复过程。方法：３０例ＡＳＡⅠ级的成年手术患者，按美维松用量分成两组，Ⅰ组：０．１６ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ⅱ组：０．２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，每组１５例。同步测定跨膈肌压（Ｐｄｉ）和拇收肌对连续四次刺激（ＴＯＦ）反应的Ｔ１（ＡＰＴ１）及ＴＯＦｒ值。结果：显示两组ＡＰＴ１最大抑制相近，是Ｐｄｉ的１．７倍。Ｐｄｉ达到最大抑制及恢复到７５％的时间比ＡＰＴ１快得多。结论：提示美维松对膈肌收缩功能的抑制比拇收肌差，但恢复迅速。     

Anal Canal Cancer

PURPOSE: This study was designed to obtain an updated population-based perspective on anal canal cancer incidence rates, demographics, and outcomes using a nationwide database. Eight-five percent of all carcinomas of the anus are anal canal cancers, and previous studies suggest that incidence rates may be rising. Although the most successful treatment for anal canal cancer has been chemoradiation, little information at the population-level exists regarding demographics, treatment, and survival. METHODS: All patients diagnosed with anal canal cancer from 1973 to 1998 in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registry were analyzed. Data regarding demographics, cancer characteristics, treatment, and survival were assessed. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 4,841 patients were studied (mean age was 61 years; 62 percent female). Female patients were significantly older than male patients (65 vs. 58 years; P < 0.0001). There was a yearly increase in incidence of anal canal cancers (from 1973–1998). Disease prevalence by stage was localized (53 percent), regional (38 percent), and distant (9 percent). Racial/stage differences were seen, because black patients had less localized disease than white patients (46 vs. 53 percent; P < 0.01). Overall five-year survival for the entire cohort was 53 percent, and cancer-specific survival was 84 percent. Survival improved per decade (based on year of diagnosis). Significant survival differences in race were noted, but were less when the receipt of treatment was considered. CONCLUSION: Although most anal canal cancer reviews are single institutional series, this study was performed with population-based data. The incidence of anal canal cancer is increasing, and overall survival rates are improving. Important disparities in care were identified, which need to be addressed.