One intrauterine device lost, two found

During a search for a recently inserted, lost intrauterine device (IUD), a pelvic x-ray found two devices. One of the IUDs had been inserted 9 years earlier and was thought expelled.     

Contraception for the transplant patient

Patients who have had an organ transplant have a need for highly effective contraception. Intrauterine devices, depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate, and implantable etonorgestrel have the highest efficacy combined with the least chance of interaction with antirejection medication regimens. Combined hormonal contraceptives and progestin-only pills are also acceptable methods for patients who do not have other contraindications to their use. Barrier method use should be advocated for any patient who is entering a new sexual relationship and as an adjunct to other methods. Consultation with a gynecologist experienced with the provision of contraceptives to medically complicated patients is advised for all women of reproductive age who have received an organ transplant.     

后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 探讨纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统对腰椎滑脱症的治疗效果。方法 33例腰椎滑脱症病人,采用后路全椎板切除减压、纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器行椎间融合、新型椎弓根钉系统内固定治疗。结果 33例术后均随访,时间6~36个月,平均18.6个月。本组患者术后无神经损伤和切口感染,动态摄片观察无融合器移位、椎弓根螺钉松脱、断裂等并发症。按Brantigan评价标准评定结果:优21例、良10例、可2例、差0例。结论 纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症,具有椎管减压充分、椎体复位好、术后能立即改善疼痛症状、立即稳定椎体、病人可早期下床等优点,是一种治疗腰椎滑脱症较理想的方法。     

有源植入式医疗器械标准研究

介绍了国内、国际有源植入物分技术委员会及有源植入式医疗器械标准的现状.结合日常检测和具体实例,对现行标准中标记要求、包装要求和混合医疗相关要求等进行了总结和论述,有助于正确理解标准要求,并为该类医疗器械的研发、检验和评审等提供了思路和参考,保障了医患的用械安全.     

Oxygenated right ventricular assist device with a percutaneous dual-lumen cannula as a bridge to lung transplantation

BackgroundOxygenated right ventricular assist device (oxyRVAD) placement has become more streamlined with the introduction of the dual-lumen pulmonary artery cannula. Peripherally cannulated oxyRVAD may provide oxygenation support with right heart support as an alternative to venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridge to lung transplantation.MethodsA single-institution, retrospective analysis was performed on patients placed on oxyRVAD with a dual-lumen pulmonary artery cannula with the intention of bridging to lung transplantation in 2019.ResultsFour patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis were placed on oxyRVAD as a bridge to transplantation. Two patients were extubated and ambulated while waiting for a lung offer, and two patients required conversion to venoarteriovenous ECMO (VAV ECMO) from oxyRVAD. The median waiting time for extracorporeal life support (ECLS) was 42 h. All patients underwent double lung transplantation. Two patients stayed on oxyRVAD, and one patient was placed on venovenous ECMO (VV ECMO) after transplantation. Primary graft dysfunction score at 72 h after transplantation was grade 1 in three patients and grade 3 in one patient.ConclusionsPeripherally cannulated oxyRVAD with percutaneous dual-lumen venous cannula could be an ambulatory bridge for lung transplantation. It is unknown whether oxyRVAD is feasible as a long-term bridge to lung transplantation.     

冠心病介入治疗后血管闭合装置Angio-SealTM的临床应用

目的评价在肝素联合强效抗血小板制剂GPⅡb-Ⅲa受体拮抗剂应用的情况下,经皮穿刺冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后使用Angio-SealTM的效果和患者的满意度.方法本组161例患者接受肝素、GPⅡb-Ⅲa受体拮抗剂和常规PCI治疗,其中术后应用Angio-SealTM(A组)105例,Femostop(B组)56例.观察两组术后止血时间、早期行走时间和血管并发症及电话随访出院后48h患者的满意度,并进行统计学分析.结果Angio-SealTM应用成功率为98.1%.两组术后止血时间分别是(1.8±2.2)min和(129±51)min(P＜O.0001);术后早期开始行走时间分别为(6.4±2.3)h和(15.2±4.8)h(P＜0.0001).A组出现2例血肿,均保守治疗;B组分别有3例血肿,2例假性动脉瘤和1例动静脉瘘,其中3例送外科手术;两组总血管并发症的发生率分别为1.9%与10.7%(P＜0.05).术后住院时间分别为(28.2±10.4)h和(58.4±10.2)h(P＜0.0001).出院后48h随访满意度两组分别为93.3%和60.7%(P＜0.001).结论在需要强效抗凝的情况下,PCI术后应用Angio-SealTM在即刻止血、早期行走和缩短住院时间方面均优于传统压迫方法,尤其是能显著降低血管并发症的发生率和提高患者的满意度.     

Exact Solution of a Constraint Optimization Problem for the Thermoelectric Figure of Merit

In the classical theory of thermoelectricity, the performance integrals for a fully self-compatible material depend on the dimensionless figure of merit zT. Usually these integrals are evaluated for constraints z =  const. and zT =  const., respectively. In this paper we discuss the question from a mathematical point of view whether there is an optimal temperature characteristics of the figure of merit. We solve this isoperimetric variational problem for the best envelope of a family of curves z(T)T.