Stimulation of protein synthesis in isolated hepatocytes by somatomedin

Insulin (1 mU/ml) stimulated the incorporation of 14C-leucine into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material by isolated hepatocytes from normal and hypophysectomized adult rats and 12-day-old rabbits. Somatomedin (200 ng/ml) purified from human plasma had an insulinlike effect in hepatocytes from hypophysectomized rats and baby rabbits but not from normal rats. This study suggests that, as well as being a site of somatomedin synthesis, the liver may be a target organ for this hormone.     

A historical review of the effects of dental radiography on pregnant patients

BackgroundThe safety of dental radiography performed on pregnant patients has been a controversial topic since the 1960s. This review synthesizes and consolidates findings, from 1957 through 2021, of the effects dental ionizing radiation could have on a pregnant patient and in utero birth defects.Types of Studies ReviewedUsing PubMed, the following key words were searched: pregnancy, radiology, radiograph, radiation dose, fetus, x-ray, and dental. Criteria evaluation was done on the basis of availability, completeness, quality, relevance, technicality (that is, dental radiography), topicality (that is, pregnant patients), and usability. These results were then filtered on the basis of quantitative and qualitative data as well as the period (decades within the historical framework). The final selection of relevant literature consisted of various studies including cohort studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, and other narrative reviews.ResultsIf properly performed, the amount of ionizing radiation produced during dental radiographic procedures is so low that it is unlikely to reach the teratogenic threshold. Thus, dental ionizing radiation is unlikely to cause in utero birth defects because it has been detected to have a deterministic (not stochastic) effect. With this information and historical context, this article shows that necessary dental radiography is safe at any stage during pregnancy, as long as proper safety equipment is appropriately used.Conclusions and Practical ImplicationsAs technology advances, more research can further clarify ionizing radiation safety for pregnant patients and its potential effects on in utero birth defects, improving overall oral health care. The dental community must remain educated about current ionizing radiation safety guidelines to make better-informed decisions and successfully provide proper oral health care to pregnant patients.     

Conservative anterior treatment with CAD-CAM technology and polymer-infiltrated ceramic for a child with amelogenesis imperfecta: A 2-year follow-up

Amelogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder that affects the structure of enamel and consequently the function, esthetics, and psychology of young patients. Restoring the dentition of a child with minimal tooth preparation is achievable with polymer-infiltrated ceramics. The treatment of a 12-year-old child presenting with amelogenesis imperfecta is described. An in-office computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system and polymer-infiltrated ceramic blocks were used in a noninvasive procedure. The definitive clinical outcome showed a major esthetic improvement and allowed for the normal eruption of the permanent dentition.     

Localization of coronary artery disease with exercise electrocardiography: correlation with thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scanning

In 61 patients with single vessel coronary artery disease (70 percent or greater obstruction of luminal diameter in only one vessel) and no previous myocardial infarction, the sites of ischemic changes on 12 lead exercise electrocardiography and on thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scanning were related to the obstructed coronary artery. The site of exercise-induced S-T segment depression did not identify which coronary artery was obstructed. In the 37 patients with left anterior descending coronary artery disease S-T depression was most often seen in the inferior leads and leads V₄ to V₆, and in the 18 patients with right coronary artery disease and in the 6 patients with left circumflex artery disease S-T depression was most often seen in leads V₅ and V₆. Although S-T segment elevation was uncommon in most leads, it occurred in lead V₁ or aVL, or both, in 51 percent of the patients with left anterior descending coronary artery disease. A reversible anterior defect on exercise thallium scanning correlated with left anterior descending coronary artery disease (probability [p] < 0.0001) and a reversible inferior thallium defect correlated with right coronary or left circumflex artery disease (p < 0.0001).In patients with single vessel disease, the site of S-T segment depression does not identify the obstructed coronary artery; S-T segment elevation in lead V₁ or aVL, or both, identifies left anterior descending coronary artery disease; and the site of reversible perfusion defect on thallium scanning identifies the site of myocardial ischemia and the obstructed coronary artery.