小鼠睾丸巨细胞病毒感染对精子顶体反应与膜功能的影响

目的探讨小鼠睾丸巨细胞病毒(MCMV)感染对附睾尾部精子顶体反应与膜功能的影响。方法随机选择无MCMV感染史的BALB/c雄性小鼠48只作为实验组,睾丸直接接种MCMV,分别于感染后第1、2、4、6、9、14天处死小鼠,用地高辛标记的MCMVM83mRNA寡核苷酸探针对睾丸组织进行原位杂交,检测睾丸MCMV感染情况,同时取附睾尾部成熟精子进行精子顶体反应与精子膜低渗肿胀功能检测。另设平行对照组雄性小鼠30只(同法随机选择),睾丸接种不含MCMV的细胞培养液,其他处理方法同实验组。结果实验组48只雄性小鼠睾丸组织间质及(或)生精细胞中均出现原位杂交阳性信号。实验组精子顶体反应与膜功能在接种病毒后的第2天、第4天,精子顶体反应率(58%±9%、56%±9%)低于平行对照组(71%±6%、70%±7%)(P均<0.05),精子膜尾部低渗肿胀率(48%±9%、38%±8%)低于平行对照组(60%±7%、50%±4%)(P均<0.05)。结论小鼠睾丸MCMV感染模型成功建立。小鼠睾丸MCMV急性感染可导致精子顶体反应与膜功能的显著下降。     

2型糖尿病大鼠心肌葡萄糖转运体4的变化及其对葡萄糖和脂肪酸代谢的影响

目的探讨2型糖尿病大鼠心肌葡萄糖转运体4(GLUT4)的表达与葡萄糖及其脂肪酸氧化代谢的关系,同时观察罗格列酮使用后上述指标的变化。方法24只SD雄性大鼠随机分为实验治疗组(6只)、实验对照组(6只)、正常治疗组(6只)和正常对照组(6只)。采用高脂喂养(40%脂肪、42%碳水化合物和18%蛋白质)4周及小剂量链脲佐菌素(35mg/kg)一次性腹腔注射建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。实验治疗组和正常治疗组给予罗格列酮3mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃2周;各组大鼠进行30min等容离体心脏Langendorff灌注,灌注液含100μU胰岛素、5mmol/L葡萄糖、0.4mmol/L3H软脂酸,测定样本葡萄糖含量及3H2O计数,评估心肌葡萄糖和脂肪酸氧化率;Western印迹法检测心肌细胞膜GLUT4表达水平。结果与正常对照组比较,实验对照组大鼠心肌葡萄糖总氧化量明显较少[(55±6)μmol/g干重vs(69±6)μmol/g干重,P<0.01],葡萄糖氧化比例较少(18%vs25%),脂肪酸氧化率较高(82%vs75%);同时心肌细胞膜上GLUT4的表达量减少53%。与实验对照组比较,给予RSG的实验治疗组,心肌葡萄糖的氧化量较高为(64±6)μmol/g干重(P<0.05),葡萄糖和脂肪酸的氧化比例分别为24%和76%,GLUT4表达量也明显较大(92%vs47%,P<0.01)。结论心肌细胞膜上GLUT4表达减少可能是2型糖尿病心肌葡萄糖和脂肪酸氧化代谢改变的重要原因,罗格列酮通过增加GLUT4的表达,可以提高心肌葡萄糖氧化、降低脂肪酸氧化,这将有助于减轻糖尿病心肌细胞损伤,增强抗缺血的能力。     

Antifertility effects of methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck （L.） Benth in male rats

Aim: To evaluate the antifertility activity of the methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth in male albino rats. Methods: The methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck was administrated orally for 60 days at 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1·day-1 to male albino rats. Sperm motility and density in cauda epididymides were assessed. Biochemical and histological analysis were performed in blood samples and reproductive organs. Results: A. lebbeck pod extract brought about a significant decrease in the weights of testis, seminal vesicles, epdidymis and ventral prostate. The sperm motility and density were significantly reduced. There was a marked reduction in the numbers of primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids. The Sertoli cell count as well as its cross sectional surface area were significantly decreased. The Leydig cell nuclear area and the number of mature Leydig celis were also significantly decreased. The protein, glycogen and cholesterol content of the testis, the fructos     

Effect of nitrofurazone on the reproductive organs in adult male mice

Aim: To study the effect of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (nitrofurazone), a derivative of nitrofuran, on male reproductive organs of Parkes (P) strain mice. Methods: Mice were given nitrofurazone orally at a dose of 64mg/kg body weight per day, for 10 and 20 days, and were killed 24 h and/or 56 days after the last treatment. Histological appearance of testis, motility and number of spermatozoa in cauda epididymidis, and biochemical indices in epididymis and seminal vesicle were evaluated. Results: Histologically, testis showed marked regressive changes in the seminiferous tubules in mice treated with nitrofurazone. Ten days after treatment, there was much depletion of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules, and the germinal epithelium was lined mainly with Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and a few round spermatids; intraepithelial vacuoles and multinucleated giant cells were also observed in tubules. By 20 days, regressive changes in the seminiferous tubules were further pronounced, and pachytene spennatocytes were the most advanced germ cells noticed in the tubules. In severe cases, the tubules were lined with a thin layer of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. The treatment also caused marked reductions in the motility and number of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymidis, in weight and the level of fructose in the seminal vesicle, and in sialic acid level in the epididymis. Fifty six days after drug withdrawal, the alterations induced in the reproductive organs returned to control levels. Conclusion: Our results suggest that nitrofurazone treatment in P mice induces marked alterations in the male reproductive organs, and that the alterations are reversible following cessation of treatment.     

SD大鼠麻醉后生化指标变化

目的观察SD大鼠麻醉后生化指标的变化。方法50只2月龄SPF级SD种大鼠，雄性28只，雌性22只，每鼠空腹16h，分别在麻醉后0、5、10和20min采血，检测血清ALT、AST、GLU、BUN、TP、ALB、AKP、CREA、CHOL、TG。结果随麻醉时间的延长，SD大鼠的生化指标有不同程度的变化。结论规范麻醉采血操作，缩短SD大鼠麻醉后等待采血的时间可减少生化指标的波动。     

大鼠肺鳞癌模型两种麻醉方法的比较

目的 探讨不同麻醉方法建立大鼠肺鳞癌模型的差异.方法 体重180～220 g Wistar大鼠,依不同麻醉方法分为2组实验I组(110只)用0.3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉;实验Ⅱ组(80只) 基础麻醉用盐酸氯胺酮44 mg/kg,然后乙醚吸入麻醉.两组均采用额镜直视法,灌注3-甲基胆蒽(MCA)、二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)与普通碘油混悬液于大鼠左下叶支气管.结果 麻醉显效时间和维持时间分别为Ⅰ组,(23.50±1.98) min,(246.56±15.46) min,Ⅱ组,(3.05±0.45) min,(12.47±1.35) min,两组间有显著性差异(P＜0.01);灌注成功率、存活率、诱癌率分别为Ⅰ组94.55%,48.08%,90.00%,Ⅱ组93.75%,90.67 %,92.65%,两组成功率、诱癌率差异无显著性(P ＞ 0.05),存活率有显著差异(P ＜0.01).分别于不同时间处死大鼠,2组基本病理过程相同.结论 戊巴比妥钠麻醉剂量易控制,以小剂量灌注雄性大鼠为佳;盐酸氯胺酮与乙醚复合麻醉较难控制,但速度快,实用性强.     

小鼠自身免疫性心肌炎心肌TNFSF13B的表达及三七总皂甙对其的影响

目的探讨自身免疫性心肌炎（AMC）小鼠心肌肿瘤坏死因子SF13B（TNFSF13B）的表达变化及三七总皂甙对其的影响。方法BALB／C雄性小鼠72只，随机分为自身免疫性心肌炎组（A组）、三七总皂甙组（P组）、对照组（C组）。采用猪心肌球蛋白制备小鼠AMC动物模型，电镜观察心肌组织超微结构改变，免疫组化法检测心肌TNFSF13B蛋白表达。结果A组心肌组织的超微结构损伤严重，P组较A组损伤程度明显减轻；C组心肌TNFSF13B蛋白表达量极少，A组心肌TNFSF13B蛋白表达增加，呈现动态变化，P组心肌TNFSF13B蛋白表达显著低于A组（P〈0．05或P〈0.01）。结论自身免疫性心肌炎可诱导心肌TNFSF13B蛋白的表达，三七总皂甙可能通过下调心肌TNFSF13B蛋白的表达而减轻心肌损伤。     

黄芩鼠尾草的急性毒性和亚急性毒性研究

测定了黄芩鼠尾草Salvia scutellarioides Kunth茎皮和叶水提取物经口给药的急性和亚急性毒性；也评价了该提取物对血压正常动物的影响。 1）在急性毒性实验中，3只雌性和3只雄性小鼠灌胃给以水提取物2g／kg，观察给药后4h的中毒症状，记录24h后存活小鼠数量及它们在此后13d中每天的症状。2）在亚急性毒性实验中，30只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组（每组10只），每组雄、雌大鼠各半。     

梅花鹿血液的生化指标

对8只雄性梅花鹿血液血象与生化指标检查证实:梅花鹿血的红细胞数为1250万/Inln,红细胞平均Hb含量为38.7 Pg,红细胞平均Hb浓度970 lL,都远远高于人正常生理值,因此含有丰富的含铁血红素和氧。检测的7种主要酶也远远高于人正常生理值,其中磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、a羟了酸脱氢酶(HBD)、磷酸肌酸激酶辅酶分别为327单位/升、639单位/升、772单位/升,是人正常生理值7-10倍。