丙烯酰胺对雄性大鼠的生殖损伤及机制研究

目的：研究丙烯酰胺对雄性大鼠生精功能及睾丸的损害作用,探讨产生雄性生殖毒性的原因及CYP2E1的作用。方法：选择健康成熟的雄性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为阴性对照组（生理盐水）、ACR 20mg/kg组、诱导剂无水乙醇200mg/kg组、无水乙醇200mg/kg＋ACR 20mg/kg组、抑制剂二乙基二硫代氨荃甲酸钠（DDC）20mg/kg组、DDC20mg/kg＋ACR20mg/kg共6组,以5ml/kg容量连续灌胃染毒4周。检测睾丸、附睾、前列腺、精囊腺脏器系数和睾丸病理;血中睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）含量;睾丸组织GSH、GR、GSH-Px水平;精子数,精子畸形率;曲细精管第Ⅶ、Ⅷ期各细胞成分构成变化。结果：ACR、ACR＋诱导剂及ACR＋抑制剂组精子数下降、畸形率升高,与阴性对照组比较存在显著差异,GSH含量显著升高（P〈0.05）,其它指标均无显著变化（P〉0.05）。结论：ACR可引起大鼠生精功能的改变,但未观察到CYP2E1在这种改变中的明显作用。     

氟他胺（Flutamide）的抗雄性素作用及抗肿瘤作用

采用去势加睾丸酮处理的雄性大鼠，观察了氟地胺（Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ）对其附性器官－精囊、前列腺及提肛肌重量的影响，以及免疫组织化学染色法，探讨了Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ作用机理。结果表明，对照组与实验组大鼠前列腺及精囊湿重比较均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。免疫组化结果证明Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ能明显抑制靶器官对雄性素的吸收及利用，影响了前列腺细胞的生长。     

丙烯腈对小鼠睾丸组织形态学的影响

丙烯腈对雄性小鼠生殖系统具有细胞毒作用,我们通过雄性小鼠腹腔注射染毒,光镜结合病理图像分析仪定量测定,探讨丙烯腈染毒后小鼠睾丸组织学形态改变.     

二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTD)对雄性大鼠睾丸组织中酶活性的影响

目的探讨二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTD)对雄性大鼠生殖系统的影响。方法将健康成年Wistar雄性大鼠28只,体重(260±10)g,随机分为4组,即0、5、102、0 mg/kg剂量组,每组7只。灌胃染毒5周,末次染毒后48 h处死动物。结果与对照组相比,各剂量组大鼠睾丸中锡含量差异无显著性(P>0.05),而乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),氧化氮(NO)各剂量组,一氧化氮合酶(NOS)及酸性磷酸酶(ACP)中高剂量组与对照组差异都有显著性。结论DBTD具有睾丸毒性,能干扰雄性大鼠睾丸组织中酶的活性。     

三氯乙烯亚急性毒作用研究

[目的]探讨静式吸入三氯乙烯(TCE)对SD清洁级雄性大鼠的亚急性毒作用。[方法]将TCE分4个浓度组0 (对照组)、1、5、10g/m3 ,每组2 5只,SD雄性大鼠,对其进行静式吸入染毒,2h/d ,5d/周,连续4周,染毒结束后,再继续饲养1周。于每星期三染毒后每组各随机抽取5只大鼠,收集2 4h尿液,分析其三氯乙酸(TCA)含量作为TCE接触指标,并做尿常规;尿液收集完后采血检测生化指标,同时进行大鼠肝、肾、肺等脏器的病理检查。[结果]各剂量组大鼠4周内均无死亡,体重增长无显著性差异;第3周中、高剂量组和第4、5周高剂量组的肝脏脏器系数变大,与对照组相比,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 5 ) ;第5周高剂量组肾脏脏器系数变大,与对照组相比,其差异有显著性(P <0 .0 5 )。血液生化功能检测未见异常;病理组织学检查发现:染毒组与对照组相比,1～4周肺、肝、肾各脏器病变差异无显著性,第5周高剂量组肺部炎浸(支气管炎)及肾小管内蛋白管型明显增多;1～5周对照组大鼠尿液中均未检测到TCA ;第1、3、4周的中、高剂量组和第2周高剂量组尿中TCA含量增加,和低剂量组相比,差异均有显著性(P <0 .0 5 ) ;同时也发现,1～4周各剂量组大鼠尿中TCA含量随着TCE染毒用量的增加而增加,有一定的线性趋势,各剂量组脱离接触TCE 1周后尿中皆未检测到TCA ;在染毒4周     

二氧化硫气体对小鼠雄性生殖细胞的毒性作用研究

目的　研究二氧化硫对小鼠雄性生殖细胞的损伤效应。方法　采用二氧化硫动式熏气装置对小鼠进行气体吸入染毒 ,测定二氧化硫对小鼠睾丸匀浆上清液谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统的影响 ;用单细胞凝胶电泳技术 (SCGE)测定二氧化硫对小鼠雄性生殖细胞DNA的损伤作用。结果　二氧化硫熏气使小鼠睾丸匀浆上清液还原性谷胱甘肽含量显著减少 ,谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性、葡萄糖 6 磷酸脱氢酶活性显著降低 ,脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量显著升高 ;睾丸细胞DNA受到损伤 ,且有剂量 -效应关系。结论　二氧化硫气体能够显著影响小鼠雄性生殖细胞谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统和造成雄性生殖细胞DNA的损伤。     

硝酸钐对雄性小鼠若干免疫功能影响的研究

无机稀土盐经消化道摄入和腹腔注入间存在吸收率的差别，为更准确地模拟稀土钐进入动物体的方式，我们采用亚慢性染毒方式用小鼠开展了这方面的实验研究。     

伤科消炎膏对骨性关节炎软骨细胞影响的组织学观察

目的：观察自制伤科消炎膏外用敷贴荆对骨性关节炎软骨细胞形态的影响。方法：自行研制骨伤科外用药伤科消炎膏敷贴刑．用大白鼠制作骨性关节炎动物模型。成功后给予用药，经2个治疗周期（90d）后处死模鼠．切取其膝关节软骨组织制片，观察药物对软骨细胞代谢的影响。结果：外用伤科消炎膏敷贴的模鼠膝关节软骨完整性较好，厚度较高，细胞排列较正常，软骨下骨密度中等；而未使用外用药的模鼠软骨内纤维变性明显，细胞肿胀、松解，排列发生紊乱，部分形成垂直柱状增生，软骨下骨密度过低或过高，形成囊性变和钙化。结论：伤科消炎膏敷贴能对骨性关节炎的关节软骨起到一定的保护作用，并能改善其代谢，但具体作用机理不明。     

Low dose gossypol for male contraception

Aim: To ascertain whether the side effects of gossypol, hypokalemia and irreversibility, could be avoided on dose re-duction. Methods: Seventy-seven male volunteers were divided into 3 groups: control (22 cases), 10 mg gossypol(29 cases) and 12.5 mg (26 cases). Serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH were measured by RIA and potassiumby flame photometry. Spema counts and motility were examined before and regularly after treatment for the evaluationof contraceptive efficacy. Results: The average sperm density and motility started to decrease significantly by theend of month 2 of medication and gradually reached the infertility levels ( < 4 million /mL) in both treated groups. Af-ter that the 10 mg group was asked to take the same dose every other day for up to a total observation period of 16-18months for the maintenance of infertility. Subjects in the 12.5 mg group did not take gossypol any more so as to ob-serve the length of the loading dose required, but in a few, a maintenance dose of 12.5 mg every     

Effects of Terminalia catappa seeds on sexual behaviour and fertility of male rats

Aim: To evaluate the aphrodisiac potential of Terminalia catappa Linn. seeds using a suspension of its kernel (SS) in 1% methyl cellulose in rats. Methods: Male rats were orally treated with 1500 mg/kg or 3000 mg/kg SS or vehicle, and their sexual behaviour was monitored 3 h later using a receptive female. Another group of rats was orally treated with either 3000 mg/kg SS or vehicle for 7 consecutive days. Their sexual behaviour and fertility were evaluated on days 1, 4 and 7 of treatment and day 7 post-treatment by pairing overnight with a pro-oestrous female. Results: The 1500 mg/kg dose, had a marked aphrodisiac action (prolongation of ejaculation latency) but no effect on libido (% mounting, % intromission and % ejaculation), sexual vigour (mounting-and-intromission frequency), or sexual performance (intercopulatory interval). In contrast, the higher dose (3000 mg/kg) reversibly inhibited all the parameters of sexual behaviour other than mounting-and-intromission frequency and copulatory efficiency. The effects of high dose SS were not due to general toxicity, liver toxicity, haemotoxicity, stress, muscle deficiency, muscle incoordination, analgesia, hypoglycaemia or reduction in blood testosterone level. They were due to marked sedation. Conclusion: The kernel of T. catappa seeds has aphrodisiac activity and may be useful in the treatment of certain forms of sexual inadequacies, such as premature ejaculation.