外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例

目的观察和评价外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔的近期疗效.方法作者采用外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例.结果近期治愈788例,治愈率98.5%,好转12例,好转率1.5%.治愈天数10～21天.结论外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔简单实用,手术时间短,术后痛苦小,伤面愈合快,并发症少,无后遗症,复发率低,是治疗混合痔的较好方法.     

马鞍型糜芯围领的制作与应用

颈椎前后路开窗减压植骨融合术是手术治疗颈椎骨折合并脱位、颈椎骨折合并脊髓损伤、颈椎间盘突出等病症最为常用和有效的手术方法之一。为了提高手术疗效，增加患者的舒适感，我们于1999年自行设计制作了马鞍型糜芯围领，经过6年临床应用效果良好，未发生植骨块滑脱或移位，枕部、下颌部、耳部及肩胛部血肿及压疮的发生率也由使用颈托时的46．36％降至0，现报道如下。     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

剖宫产术后并发下肢静脉栓塞的护理及预防

通过对20例剖宫产术后并发下肢静脉栓塞病人的观察,分析了发生静脉栓塞的原因,提出了相应的护理、观察、预防等一系列措施.     

老年人股骨颈骨折术后并发症的预防护理

压疮、肺部感染、泌尿系统感染、深静脉栓塞是骨科术后常见并发症,尤其高龄患者,体质弱,各种脏器机能减退,上述并发症发病率高.做好术后护理直接影响手术的成功率,正确及时地护理能有效地预防或减少上述并发症发生.2003年1月至2006年9月,对我院骨科收治的80例老年人股骨颈骨折术后进行精心护理,效果满意,现将护理体会报道如下.     

激素对骨骼系统的不良反应(Ⅱ)

1骨梗死 已知大量应用激素治疗可发生骨髓梗死[1].骨梗死就是骨髓坏死.可单发或多发,单侧或双侧,最常发生在股骨远段和胫骨近段的骨髓内.亦见有肱骨、不规则骨,甚至腰椎骨梗死.     

四肢骨折小夹板固定术后的护理

四肢骨折是临床常见的一种损伤。应用小夹板固定治疗四肢骨折是临床常用的一种治疗方法，其方法简单、取材方便、固定可靠、效果理想。在配合医生实施小夹板固定的术后护理，有效的保证了治疗效果。     

高龄前列腺病人电切术的康复护理

近几年来，我科对高龄病人实施TURP术治疗前列腺增生取得了较好的临床效果。它具有出血少、痛苦小、恢复快等优点。现将自2003～2005年89例高龄前列腺增生患者行TURP术临床护理总结报告如下：     

高转换型肾性骨病中骨保护素及其配体的表达和形态计量学观察

目的 观察高转换型肾性骨病中骨保护素及其配体 (OPG，RANKL)的表达，并与骨形态计量学指标进行相关分析。 方法 选择10例慢性肾衰尿毒症患者和3例正常人进行髂骨活检术，获得骨组织标本。采用免疫组化方法检测OPG和RANKL蛋白质的表达。采用全自动图像分析系统进行骨组织形态计量学测定。结果 10例慢性肾衰尿毒症患者经骨病理学检查证实均为高转换型骨病，以破骨细胞活化形成骨吸收陷窝伴或不伴骨矿化不全为特点。免疫组化显示尿毒症患者骨组织中以RANKL阳性表达为主。与正常对照相比，RANKL阳性表达细胞数目显著增加，OPG阳性表达细胞数目显著减少。尿毒症患者RANKL的阳性表达细胞数目与骨吸收面积和破骨细胞数目呈显著正相关。结论 高转换型肾性骨病中，PTH的溶骨作用可能是通过OPG/RANKL/RANK系统介导的。     

甲状腺术后出现甲状旁腺功能低下致纠纷1例

1病史摘要某女，22岁，于2002年8月1日入住某县医院。主诉于入院前1年余始，无明显诱因下出现心悸、性情急躁、怕热、多汗、食欲明显增强，但人渐消瘦、体重减轻，诊断为“原发性甲亢”，给予服用抗甲状腺药物治疗，服药期间出现全身皮肤瘙痒及皮疹，改用“心得安、卢戈氏液”，