颈椎病颈前路手术的护理

颈椎病为中老年常见的骨科疾病，多因颈椎间盘退行性变、老化及继发性改变，从而压迫颈髓、神经根或椎动脉引起的一系列临床症状和体征。我院自2000年4月以来，行颈前路颈间盘切除或椎体次全切前路减压植骨融合术28例。笔者在护理过程中，着重注重术前、术后护理及有针对性的康复指导，取得满意疗效，现将护理体会介绍如下。     

冠心病PTCA及支架植入术前后QT离散度的变化

目的　为了探索冠心病患者PTCA及支架植入术前后QT离散度的改变。方法　我们对 10 0例经选择性冠状动脉造影显示单支、双支、三支冠脉狭窄≥ 70 %的患者 ,对其中 6 0例行PTCA及支架置入术及未行手术而药物治疗的 4 0例患者及正常对照组 5 0例 (冠脉造影正常 )均行心电图QT离散度测量。结果　冠心病患者PTCA及支架置入术后QT离散度较术前及药物治疗组减小 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　QT离散度对判断冠心病心肌缺血及心律失常有重要的临床价值     

AF钉治疗胸腰椎骨折

AF钉是在RP钉基础上改良、发展的新型脊柱后路经椎弓根短节段内固定系统。我科自1999年来应用AF钉治疗下胸及腰段椎体骨折157例，取得了满意效果，报告如下：[第一段]     

外固定支架在治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折中的应用

近年来，随着桡骨远端骨折的治疗观念不断更新，传统闭合复位石膏固定和切开复位内固定术在治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折中的局限性越来越突出，而外固定支架则显示出其独特的优势。本文笔者就有关外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的基本原理、临床疗效、发展及其并发症作一综述。     

大鼠脂肪干细胞复合胶原-壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素三维支架构建组织工程软骨

Objective To evaluate the character of the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold seeded with rat adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Methods A dipose tissue were harvested from 6 weeks old Wistar rats and the stromal cells were harvested by type Ⅰ collagenase and then cultured in vitro. Type Ⅰ collagen was fully mixed with chitosan, freeze-dried and cross-linked with chondroitin sulfate, then freeze-dried again and sterilized by ethylene oxide. The pore diameter, water content, porosity of the scaffold were tested. The adipose tissue-derived stromal cells were digested, seeded into the plates, scaffold, and cen-trifuged into pellet, and then induced into cartilage. MTT detection for cell proliferation was done. After 3 weeks, the cell morphology, and cell proliferation and adhesion were observed, and chondrngenic differenti-ation was also analyzed. Results The pore diameter, water content, porosity tested for the scaffold showed an appropriate form. Cell proliferation showed faster in the scaffold and pellet culture system after 5 day, there was still cell proliferation in the scaffold system after 14 days but no obvious changes in the pellet cul-ture system; ceils on the scaffold proliferated densely showed by histological staining, but there was a scaf-fold structure residues in the inner layer. The finding of type Ⅱ immunohistochemistry stain showed that cells express strong positive for type Ⅱ collagen in the scaffold and pellet culture system whereas it was weakly positive in the plate culture system; the specific mRNA for cartilage, type Ⅱ collagen, aggrecan and SOX-9 were expressed in all three systems showed by RT-PCR, but type X collagen was expressed continu-ously in the plate culture system and expressed after 21 days in the pellet culture system, whereas it was not detected in the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold system. Conclusion The parameters of the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold were suitable in our study. The results suggested that it can promote the adipose tissue-derived stromal cells proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation better than the plate and pellet culture systems and maintain the phenotype of chondrocytes well; it is the optimal choice for cartilage tissue engineering in the future.     

镍钛记忆合金支架治疗食管狭窄的实验研究

镍钛记忆合金支架治疗食管狭窄的实验研究１００８５３北京解放军总医院刘阳孙玉鹗代为民黄孝迈关键词食管肿瘤；食管狭窄；合金中国图书资料分类号Ｒ６５５．４各种原因所致的食管狭窄，如晚期食管癌所致狭窄，或是食管良性狭窄，当扩张失败而又不宜手术时，至今尚无理想...     

直接冠状动脉内支架安置术和r-SK静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的对比研究

①目的　比较急性心肌梗死 (AMI)病人直接冠状动脉内支架安置和重组链激酶 (r SK)静脉溶栓治疗的临床疗效。②方法　对初次发病 1 2h以内的 1 0 5例AMI病人 ,随机给予直接冠状动脉内支架安置 (支架组 ,6 0例 )和静脉r SK溶栓 (溶栓组 ,5 5例 )治疗。观察两组梗死相关血管再通成功率、心肌梗死溶栓试验 (TIMI)Ⅲ级血流发生率、平均住院天数、住院病死率 ,出院前二维超声心动图测定并推算左心室射血分数 (LVEF)和梗死区室壁运动指数 (RWMI) ,出院后 6个月病死率、LVEF和RWMI。③结果　支架组与溶栓组相比较 ,梗死相关血管再通率显著提高、TIMIⅢ级血流发生率显著增加、平均住院天数显著缩短、住院病死率显著降低 (χ2 =5 .4 2 4～2 8.931 ,t=7.90 1 ,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 ) ;出院前LVEF和RWMI ,两组间存在显著差异 (t =3.2 91、2 .1 2 7,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 ) ;出院后 6个月病死率、LVEF和RWMI ,两组比较无显著差异。出院后 6个月LVEF、RWMI与出院前比较 ,支架组与溶栓组均有显著改善 (t=2 .1 92～ 4 .6 1 1 ,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 )。④结论　与静脉r SK溶栓治疗相比 ,直接冠状动脉内支架安置术治疗AMI,可更有效地再通梗死相关血管、降低住院病死率、更有效地保护病人心脏功能