不同剂量异丙酚用于人工流产术的临床观察

人工流产是妇科的常见手术。为了消除人工流产时病人的紧张、恐惧、疼痛感,异丙酚被广泛用于人工流产术。但不同剂量异丙酚的麻醉效果有待进一步研究,故我们对单次静脉注射不同剂量异丙酚用于人工流产进行了探讨。     

膝关节术后应用CPM的护理体会

为了减少膝关节术后关节粘连，我院自1997年以来应用CMP下肢关节被动活动器，对下肢损伤病人术后早期合理进行功能锻炼，使股四头肌及膝周围软组织迅速恢复其弹性，防止粘连，减少肢体功能障碍或二次手术，共195例，取得了满意的效果，现将护理体会报告如下。     

鼻内窥镜围手术期的护理

鼻内窥镜手术以其照明良好、术野清晰、操作精确以及损伤小、安全、可靠等优点,在慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的治疗方面取得良好的效果,提高了手术治愈率,降低了复发率.我们近年来在临床实践中,总结了鼻内窥镜术围手术期的护理体会,现介绍如下.     

术后伤口感染的荟萃研究精彩导读

引流管尖端常规培养在初次关节成形术中无诊断价值 关节成形术术后闭式引流在许多医院已非常普遍，为研究在膝和髋关节初次置换术后引流管尖端常规培养与术后伤口表浅和深部感染诊断的相关性，澳大利亚的Weinrauch近期完成了一项临床研究，他将初次接受单侧全膝或全髋关节置换术并使用闭式引流的387名患者的引流管尖端取出并培养。研究结果显示，伤口存在感染的患者引流管尖端培养均为阴性，而引流管尖端培养为阳性的患者无一存在伤口感染。由此研究人员认为，引流管尖端常规培养对于初次全膝或全髋关节置换术后伤口感染的诊断无实际价值（ANZ，Surg，2005，75：887～888）。     

肛周脓肿切开挂线致喉痉挛1例报告

1病例患儿,女性,8个月,体重7.5kg。术前诊断为肛周脓肿。无发热、咳嗽、感冒症状。胸透和各项生化检查指标均在正常范围。拟在基础麻醉加局麻下行肛周脓肿切开挂线术。术前半小时肌注阿托品0.15mg、安定1.5mg。进入手术室肌注氯胺酮30mg。约5分钟后患儿安静入睡。用5%葡萄糖100     

异位妊娠误行终止早孕方法2例

1病例报告例1患者,女,32岁,停经38天有恶心,厌食、乏力等早孕反应,尿妊娠试验阳性,自购“米非司酮和米索前列醇”口服3天,服药第4天阴道有少量出血,见有胎物排出(未经医生检查)。服药后第8天,腹痛剧烈、肛门坠胀、头晕、畏寒、出冷汗并晕倒1次,来我院就诊。既往月经正常,足月顺     

渐进性活动训练预防膀胱全切、尿流改道术后患者小肠梗阻的对照研究

目的研究渐进性活动训练对膀胱全切、尿流改道术后患者肠功能恢复的影响.方法2003年1月～2005年8月,将138例行膀胱全切、尿流改道术的患者随机分为2组,训练组在常规护理方法的基础上,同时实施渐进性活动训练,对照组采取常规护理方法.结果2组患者小肠梗阻的发生比较,差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).结论渐进性活动训练可降低膀胱全切、尿流改道术后患者小肠梗阻的发生.     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

腹腔镜辅助下的腹主动脉瘤手术与传统手术的对比

腹主动脉瘤传统手术采用开腹人工血管置换，手术创伤大，术后患者恢复慢。随着腹腔镜在腹部外科应用的进展，传统腹主动脉瘤手术已经可以被腹腔镜辅助下完成人工血管置换所替代。此外，腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术部分并发症也能用腹腔镜辅助方式得到解决，现就该技术的操作、效果以及与传统手术的比较作一综述。     

心理因素对拔牙术的影响

现代科学的大量资料表明：人体的生理、生化能影响人的心理活动，同样，人的心理活动也能影响人体的生理、生化改变。我们通过对临床拔牙患者的术前情绪的测量、术中反应及愈后观察也充分证实了这一点。