Apgar评分与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病临床分度的关系

为探讨Apgar评分对判断新生儿窒息后脑损伤程度，本文分析50例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)者5min Apgar评分与HIE分度的关系。     

创伤性休克病人的早期急救护理体会

目的:讨论在院前和急诊科对创伤性休克病人施行早期急救护理,对挽救病人的生命及伤情预后有重要的意义.方法:对我科1997年2月至2001年4月27例创伤性休克病人进行早期,快速,积极的补液,输血增加有效循环量,监测生命体征等综合性抢救治疗与护理措施.结果:经早期积极急救护理,26例病人收缩压维持在60mmHg以上,意识清醒,脉搏有力,转入手术室或专科治疗,1例病人伤势严重抢救无效死亡.结论:创伤性休克病人,伤势复杂,死亡率高,伤后早期院前与急诊科的有效救护,是提高抢救成功率的关键.     

外踝骨折分型及治疗方式探讨

踝关节骨折在创伤骨科中发病率较高 ,处理不当易造成关节疼痛 ,甚至创伤性关节炎。此多因早期处理中对外踝骨折及下胫腓关节分离认识不足所致［１］。本院按Ｄｅｎｉｓ -Ｗｅｂｅｒ分型［２］治疗外踝骨折 ,取得了较好疗效 ,报告如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料１９９７年８月～１９９９年８月共有外踝骨折患者５３例 ,其中男３２例 ,女２１例。年龄２１～６７岁 ,平均４１岁。致伤原因为 :车祸３０例 ,摔倒扭伤１６例 ,高处坠下７例。就诊时间为伤后１周以内。按Ｄｅｎｉｓ-Ｗｅｂｅｒ分型 :Ａ型１２例 ,Ｂ型２１例 ,Ｃ１型１１例 ,Ｃ２型…     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

创伤性肾动静脉瘘一例报告

患者,女,30岁。右侧腰背部车祸伤2h于2005年4月16日入院。伤后无血尿。查体：血压120/80mm Hg,右腰背部肿胀,皮下淤血斑约6．0cm×5．0cm。局部触压痛,腹部未见异常。彩超示双肾大小、形态尚可,包膜连续,实质回声均匀,肾窦回声未见分离。右肾窦区可见2．2cm×1．4cm×1．6cm无回声区。彩色多普勒血流图像(CD- FI)右肾窦区可见五彩血流束,下方与右肾动脉相延续,肾门处肾动脉最大流速     

手术治疗创伤性浮膝损伤23例临床分析

浮膝损伤是指同侧肢体的股骨与胫骨骨折引起膝关节的相对漂浮状态，是一种高能量损伤，常见于多发伤患者。我院自1999年10月～2005年2月共手术治疗浮膝损伤23例，报告如下。     

创伤性膈疝的诊断（附2例报告）

创伤性膈疝系外伤后引起膈肌破裂，导致腹腔脏器疝入胸腔。我院近期收治2例创伤性膈疝患者，报道如下： 病例资料例1：男33岁。因车祸外伤住院，感左侧胸部及左腹部剧烈疼痛伴气短，急诊胸片可见左肺下野大的半圆形透亮区伴有气液平面，左侧膈肌显示不清，考虑左侧外伤性膈疝。CT诊断为左侧膈疝。急诊手术，术中所见胸腔内有少量血性液体，胃位于胸腔内，食管裂孔处见膈肌有长约8cm裂口，将胃还纳腹腔，缝合膈肌，脾破裂切除。术后恢复良好。     

创伤性浮膝伴血管损伤的早期诊治

目的 探讨创伤性浮膝同时伴同侧血管损伤患者的早期诊断及救治.方法 总结1996年6月～2002年12月收治28例30个浮膝的手术固定方法、血管修复情况及术后治疗和恢复情况.结果 术后伤口一期愈合5例,17例伤口二期行植皮修复,4例胫前骨折部外露二期行皮瓣转移术,截肢2例,保肢成功率92.9%.术后26例经18个月～8年随访,骨折均愈合,下肢功能恢复优良率64.3%.结论 对浮膝损伤患者应高度重视伴有血管损伤可能,早期作出诊断,积极合理治疗,对患者预后至关重要.     

膝交叉韧带重建术的护理配合

随着社会经济的不断发展，由于交通及运动损伤引起的膝关节损伤目趋增多。交叉韧带是维持膝关节稳定的重要结构，韧带的断裂会引起关节不稳，若时间长会发展成创伤性关节炎，严重影响病人的工作与生活。膝交叉韧带重建术，尤其在关节镜监视下重建是近年来发展起来的一项新技术，通过手术能有效地恢复关节的稳定与功能，但手术的效果优劣在很大程度上取决于手术技术及术中医护配合的好坏。2000年7月-2003年7月，我院共行膝交叉韧带重建术236例，现将护理配合报告如下。