Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

闭合复位经皮克氏针交叉内固定治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折疗效观察

目的 探讨采用闭合复位经皮克氏针交叉内固定治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折的临床疗效。方法 自1998年2月～2006年1月采用闭合复位经皮克氏针交叉内固定术，治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折165例，所有骨折均为闭合性骨折，无神经血管损伤。患者年龄5～12岁，平均7．8岁。从肘关节的功能和外观两方面进行疗效评价。结果 术后随访时间7～30个月，平均16个月。所有骨折均为术后3—5周达到临床愈合，并拔除克氏针，治疗过程中未出现骨折再移位。术后无一例肘内翻等并发症。按Flynm评分：优63例，良69例，一般33例，差0例。肘关节伸屈活动丢失是影响治疗结果的主要原因，但这种活动受限会随着时间的延长而有所改善。结论 采用闭合复位经皮克氏针交叉内固定治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折手术创伤小，固定可靠，可以获得良好的肘关节功能和外形，减少并发症。     

血管内皮生长因子受体-2在膀胱癌组织中的表达及其重要意义

血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）在维持肿瘤微脉管系统中发挥了重要作用，针对其进行抗新生血管的治疗已成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。VEGF受体（VEGFR）特别是VEGFR2，在上皮性肿瘤细胞中的表达异常，使VEGF以自分泌或旁分泌方式刺激肿瘤细胞生长并发生转移。     

妇科恶性肿瘤放疗的几个问题

文章主要探讨妇科恶性肿瘤放疗的特点、体外照射、近距离照射、锎中子治疗,子宫颈癌放化疗和子宫内膜癌放疗等问题。     

加强对儿童哮喘病的认识和研究

哮喘病是当今世界最常见的疾患之一,也是世界公认的医学难题,被世界卫生组织(WH0)列为疾病中四大顽症之一。据近年来报道,其患病率在全球都有上升趋势。1哮喘病的定义哮喘病是儿童常见的变态反应性疾病,目前全世界一致公认的定义为:支气管哮喘病是由多种细胞(尤其是嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞及气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组分共同参与的气道慢性炎症性疾患[1]。这种慢性炎症导致气道高反应性,引起反复发作的喘息、气促、胸闷、咳嗽等症状,常在夜间和(或)清晨发作或加剧、一般为广泛多变的可逆性气流受阻[2]。2与哮喘病有…     

彩色高频超声结合临床体格检查诊断乳腺癌120例

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一。怎样提高乳腺癌的临床诊断符合率始终是临床医师所面临的课题。作者用彩色高频超声结合临床体查诊断乳腺癌120例，其符合率高达98％，现报道如下。     

颈椎后路切除低位椎管内巨大肿瘤1例报告

颈椎肿瘤较少见，易造成颈髓压迫，致高位截瘫，甚至危及生命。其治疗棘手，并发症多，手术风险很高，尤其是肿瘤较大时。作者成功进行了1例颈椎椎管内硬膜下巨大肿瘤1列，手术没有给病人带来任何并发症，现报告如下。     

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英国研究人员最近宣布：家住公共汽车站附近的儿童，患癌几率是生活在其他地方儿童的12倍!研究人员对1955年到1980年间因癌症而死去的22500名儿童进行调查分析，发现这些儿童居住地都离公共汽车站较近，家庭周围的空气中存有很高的汽车尾气排放量，[编者按]