脑脊液降钙素原及乳酸测定在早期诊断颅脑术后颅内感染的意义

目的研究降钙素原(PCT)及乳酸水平在早期诊断颅脑术后颅内感染的意义。方法颅脑术后颅内感染患者(n=20)和非颅内感染患者(n=20)的脑脊液和血液样本,检测脑脊液和血清PCT,脑脊液和血液乳酸水平等指标并进行统计分析。结果感染组脑脊液和血清PCT、乳酸水平较非感染组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑脊液PCT和乳酸水平诊断敏感性及特异性均较血清PCT和乳酸水平高。结论脑脊液PCT、乳酸在颅脑手术术后颅内感染的诊断中均有意义,其中脑脊液PCT较乳酸敏感性更高,临床应用价值更大。     

Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) response to inflammation in acute infections.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOs) asymmetrical dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) has been implicated as a possible modulator of inducible NOs during acute inflammation. We examined the evolution in the plasma concentration of ADMA measured at the clinical outset of acute inflammation and after its resolution in a series of 17 patients with acute bacterial infections. RESULTS: During the acute phase of inflammation/infection, patients displayed very high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin and nitrotyrosine. Simultaneous plasma ADMA concentration was similar to that in healthy subjects while symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA) levels were substantially increased and directly related with creatinine. When infection resolved, ADMA rose from 0.62 +/- 0.23 to 0.80 +/- 0.18 micromol/l (+29%, P = 0.01) while SDMA remained unmodified. ADMA changes were independent on concomitant risk factor changes and inversely related with baseline systolic and diastolic pressure. Changes in the ADMA/SDMA ratio were compatible with the hypothesis that inflammatory cytokines activate ADMA degradation. CONCLUSIONS: Resolution of acute inflammation is characterized by an increase in the plasma concentration of ADMA. The results imply that ADMA suppression may actually serve to stimulate NO synthesis or that in this situation plasma ADMA levels may not reflect the inhibitory potential of this methylarginine at the cellular level.     

可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1、降钙素原、脑钠肽联合检测对老年患者重症肺炎预后的评估价值

目的 探讨血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、降钙素原（PCT）、脑钠肽（BNP）联合检测对老年患者重症肺炎（SP）预后的评估价值。方法 选取2019年2月—2022年1月贵州医科大学附属医院内科重症监护治疗病房（ICU）收治的127例老年SP患者作为研究对象。统计患者入住ICU后28 d的生存情况,并依据是否存活分为生存组和死亡组。对比两组临床资料。多因素Cox回归分析老年SP患者预后的影响因素。制作受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,以曲线下面积（AUC）评价血清sTREM-1、PCT、BNP及联合检测对老年SP患者预后的评估价值。结果 两组患者性别、年龄、BMI、入住ICU时间、体温、合并基础疾病、吸烟史、饮酒史、机械通气、白细胞计数、白蛋白及血乳酸水平对比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。死亡组病变累及多个肺叶占比和PSI评分、CRP、IL-6、IL-18、sTREM-1、PCT及BNP水平高于生存组（P <0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示：病变累及多个肺叶[■=2.901(95%CI:1.335,6.305)]、PSI评分[■=2.807(95%...     

乳酸及降钙素原对一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值

目的探讨检测血乳酸、降钙素原和联合检测对急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的预测价值。 方法随机抽取我院在急诊科收住院的ACMP患者70例,随访3个月,以其中发生DEACMP患者10例为DEACMP组,其余60例为非DEACMP组,随机抽取同期笔者医院40例健康体检者为对照组。对患者立即行动脉血Lac和血清PCT检测,并计算Lac和PCT诊断DEACMP的灵敏度、特异度。 结果DEACMP组血Lac和PCT检测值均明显高于非DEACMP和对照组,差异有统计学意义(采用秩和检验,P<0.05);检测异常率亦明显高于非DEACMP组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(采用χ²检验,P<0.05)。Lac和PCT升高预测DEACMP的敏感度均为90.0% ,特异度分别为50.0%和65.0% ,准确性分别为55.7%和68.6%。联合检测时若其中1个指标为阳性时即预测DEACMP发病,则联合检测的敏感度为100.0%,特异度为41.7%,阳性预测值为21.7%,阴性预测值为100.0%,准确性为71.4%。 结论DEACMP患者早期动脉血Lac和PCT均明显升高,PCT诊断价值优于Lac,联合检测较单项指标检测对DEACMP发病预测价值更理想。     

PCT与SDI比值对重症细菌性肺炎患者短期预后的预测价值

 目的 探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)与肺泡灌洗液辛普森菌群多样性指数(SDI)比值对重症监护病房(ICU)内细菌性肺炎患者短期预后的预测价值。方法 回顾性调查扬州大学附属医院ICU 2019年10月—2021年7月选择肺泡灌洗液宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)技术的56例细菌性肺炎患者病历资料,依据其入ICU 24 h内急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ)分为非危重症组21例和危重症组35例。以细菌性肺炎造成死亡为终点事件,记录28天转归,并将患者分为生存组38例和死亡组18例。对各组患者的SDI、PCT、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、PCT/SDI、CRP/SDI进行比较分析。结果 与非危重症组比较,危重症组患者血清PCT/SDI、PCT水平均升高,且呼吸机辅助通气时间更长,28天病死率更高(均P＜0.05);与存活组比较,死亡组患者SDI较低,PCT/SDI、PCT水平均较高(均P＜0.05);SDI与呼吸机辅助通气时间呈负相关(r值为-0.655,P＜0.001),PCT水平、PCT/SDI与呼吸机辅助通气时间呈正相关(r值分别为0.660、0.734,均P＜0.001)。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)显示,PCT/SDI预测患者28天死亡的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.851,其次为PCT+SDI (0.845)、PCT (0.808)、SDI (0.785)、CRP/SDI (0.731),PCT/SDI的最佳截断值为11.56时预判患者28天死亡的灵敏度为89.5%,特异度为66.7%。Cox回归分析显示,PCT/SDI值高(HR=1.562,95%CI：1.271~1.920,P=0.031)、PCT水平高(HR=1.106,95%CI：1.021~1.198,P=0.024)是ICU细菌性肺炎患者死亡的独立危险因素。结论 PCT/SDI、PCT、PCT+SDI、SDI、CRP/SDI均可作为ICU细菌性肺炎患者短期预后的评估指标。与其他指标相比,PCT/SDI预测患者短期预后更有价值。     

血清降钙素原检测对肝硬化腹膜炎患者的临床意义

目的探讨肝硬化腹膜炎患者血清降钙素原(PCT)水平及其临床应用价值。方法对85例肝硬化腹水患者[伴自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)49例,非SBP 36例],采用免疫透射比浊法测定其血清中PCT的含量,并与正常对照组比较。结果SBP组及非SBP组患者血清PCT水平明显高于正常对照组,差异具有显著统计学意义(P均<0.01);SBP组血清PCT水平明显高于非SBP组,且差异也具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);30例治疗有效的SBP患者血清PCT水平明显下降,与其治疗前血清PCT水平比较,结果差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论检测血清降钙素原水平对于肝硬化腹膜炎的早期诊断及判断预后有一定临床价值。     

白虎汤加减对老年脑卒中相关性肺炎血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群改变的影响

目的研究白虎汤加减对老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群改变的影响。方法选择60例老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者,分组按照随机数字表法,将60例患者随机均分为两组。两组均给予脑卒中中后预防治疗,对照组给予哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠;观察组在此基础上给予白虎汤加减。观察记录两组治疗效果,并检测患者治疗前后PCT、CRP、WBC水平和淋巴细胞亚群的改变。结果在总有效率结果方面,观察组96.67%明显高于对照组80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者PCT、CRP、WBC计数明显降低,观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后,观察组CD3^+及CD4^+水平均明显高于对照组,CD4^+/CD8^+明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论白虎汤加减能有效改善老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群水平,疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

左氧氟沙星联合地塞米松滴耳治疗化脓性中耳炎临床观察

目的探讨左氧氟沙星联合地塞米松滴耳治疗化脓性中耳炎的临床疗效,以及对患者血清和耳积液中白细胞介素8(IL-8)、降钙素原(PCT)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平的影响。方法选取十堰市太和医院2015年2月至2018年2月收治的急性化脓性中耳炎患者270例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各135例。两组患者均予左氧氟沙星滴耳治疗,观察组患者加用地塞米松滴耳治疗。结果观察组总有效率为91.11%,显著高于对照组的77.04%(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后的血清及耳积液中IL-8,PCT,TGF-β1水平均显著降低(P<0.05),病菌清除率、气导(AC)听阈和气骨导差(ABG)改善幅度均显著升高,观察组患者上述指标改善程度均显著优于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者恶心、头晕、乏力、瘙痒、皮疹等不良反应的发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论左氧氟沙星联合地塞米松滴耳治疗急性化脓性中耳炎,可显著降低患者血清及耳积液中IL-8,PCT,TGF-β1水平。     

小儿危重病例评分联合D-二聚体和降钙素原检测对儿童感染病情的早期评判价值

目的 小儿危重病例评分(PCIS)联合D-二聚体(D-D)及降钙素原(PCT)检测用于儿童感染病情的早期评判的价值.方法 选取ICU收治的感染性疾病重症患儿86例,根据PCIS结果分为危重组患儿43例(评分70~80),极危重组患儿43例(评分低于70分),对2组患者入院后24 h内血清PCT、D-D及PCIS评分比较.采用Pearson相关系数分析PCIS与PCT及D-D之间关系,并对影响患儿死亡因素进行logistic回归分析,随访28 d预后,ROC曲线分析,PCIS、PCT及D-D对预测28 d患儿生存情况.结果 极危重组患儿血清PCT和D-D水平明显高于危重组患儿(P<0.05);血清PCT和D-D水平均与PCIS呈显著负相关(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示PCT、D-D、PCIS均为影响患儿死亡的独立危险因素;PCT、D-D和PCIS预测患儿28 d生存ROC曲线下面积为分别为0.875、0.872及0.863(P<0.01).结论 儿童感染危重患者的血清PCT和D-D是判断病情预后的重要指标,联合使用小儿危重病例评分对预后判断具有指导意义.     

Value of combined detection of serum amyloid A,C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children of China

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in children with bacteria or non-bacterial respiratory tract infection.Methods200 children with respiratory tract infections diagnosed in our hospital were included in the study. According to the results of the aetiological examination, they were divided into bacterial infection group and non-bacterial infection group. At the same time, 100 healthy children admitted to the hospital for physical examination during the same period were selected as the healthy subjects control group. Changes in serum SAA, PCT and CRP in three groups were compared. Comparison of a positive rate of the single index and combined detection were performed. Children with bacterial infections were treated with conventional antibiotics. The changes in serum SAA, PCT and CRP in the infection group before and after treatment were compared. The efficacy of SAA, PCT and CRP alone and in combination was compared.ResultsThe serum SAA, PCT and CRP levels in the bacterial infection group were higher than those in the non-bacterial infection group and healthy children, and the differences were statistically significant. The positive detection rates and combined detection rates of serum SAA, PCT and CRP in the bacterial infection group were higher than those in the non-bacterial infection group and the healthy subject''s control group. After conventional antibiotic treatment, serum SAA, PCT and CR levels in children with bacterial infection were significantly decreased.ConclusionThe combined detection based on SAA, CRP and PCT can effectively identify and diagnose respiratory tract infection in children, providing a certain reference for the promotion of the diagnostic scheme.

Key messages

• Serum SAA, PCT and CRP were highly expressed in children with respiratory tract infection, and the expression level was the highest in children with bacterial pneumonia.
• The combined detection of serum SAA, CRP and PCT indicators have higher diagnostic efficiency and can effectively make a differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children.