腋臭衣在小切口大汗腺清除术后的应用

目的：探讨腋臭衣应用于小切口大汗腺清除术对术后并发症的影响的总结。方法：180例小切口大汗腺清除术后应用腋臭衣加压的患者,术后包扎切口后穿上腋臭衣固定。密切观察切口及全身情况,做好术后指导。结果：180例行腋臭清除术后应用腋臭衣加压固定患者,切口全部I期愈合,未出现皮下血肿、皮瓣坏死等并发症。结论：腋臭衣应用于小切口大汗腺清除术后,减少并发症的发生率,减轻病人痛苦。     

Electrodiagnostic features of true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome

Introduction: We report the electrodiagnostic (EDX) features of 32 patients with surgically verified true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (TN‐TOS). Methods: Retrospective record review. Results: We found uniform EDX evidence of a chronic axon loss process that affected the lower portion of the brachial plexus and disproportionately involved the T1 more than the C8 sensory and motor fibers. Because of this relationship, the medial antebrachial cutaneous sensory nerve (T1) and median motor (T1 > C8) study combination was abnormal in 89%, whereas response combinations that primarily assessed the C8 fibers were less frequently affected. Conclusions: The characteristic EDX features of TN‐TOS are T1 > C8 nerve fiber involvement. A comprehensive EDX examination of the lower plexus with contralateral comparison studies is imperative to diagnose this disorder accurately. Muscle Nerve 49 : 724–727, 2014     

针刺咽部腧穴治疗脑梗死后真性延髓麻痹:随机对照研究

目的:比较针刺患侧与针刺双侧咽部腧穴治疗脑梗死后真性延髓麻痹的临床疗效。方法:将66例脑梗死后真性延髓麻痹患者随机分为单侧组和双侧组,每组33例,最后每组各有1例脱落。两组患者在常规药物和电项针治疗的基础上,单侧组针刺患侧的吞咽、发音和治反流穴,双侧组针刺双侧吞咽、发音和治反流穴。每天1次,每周连续针刺6 d,休息1 d,治疗21 d后评定临床疗效。采用吞咽困难分级量表、洼田饮水试验和GRBAS分级评价两组患者治疗前后的吞咽和构音情况。结果:治疗21 d后,两组患者吞咽困难分级量表评分均提高(均P<0.01),且单侧组改善程度大于双侧组(P<0.01);两组患者GRBAS分级、洼田饮水试验情况均改善(均P<0.01),且单侧组改善程度大于双侧组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:针刺患侧咽部腧穴治疗脑梗死后真性延髓麻痹较针刺双侧咽部腧穴疗效更优。     

赤芍的抑菌作用及其防治慢性牙周炎的机制研究

目的 研究赤芍提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.g)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,F.n)和伴放线聚集杆菌(Actinobacillus Actinomycetes,A.a)的抑菌作用,并通过网络药理学方法分析赤芍防治慢性牙周炎(chronic...     

A new paradigm in the management of acute type A aortic dissection: Total aortic repair

The currently accepted guidelines of open surgical repair for acute type A aortic dissection include the resection of the primary entry tear, replacement of the ascending aorta and “hemi-arch” with an open distal anastomosis, and aortic valve resuspension and some form of obliteration of the aortic root false lumen. The principal aim is protection against aortic rupture, aortic regurgitation, and coronary ischemia and restoration of antegrade preferential true lumen perfusion. Proponents argue that this operation is tailored to be in the armamentarium of most cardiac surgeons and deliver the lowest early operative risk while leaving the infrequent long-term sequelae to be dealt with electively by experienced aortic centers. Although this may sound to be a compelling argument, the actual outcomes suggest that it falls significantly short of achieving its noble goals on both acute and chronic counts. This led us to develop a seemingly more radical paradigm, which aims to achieve total aortic healing in the acute phase. We describe a total aortic repair technique for acute type A aortic dissection consisting of “branch first” total arch repair, followed by thoracoabdominal stenting and balloon rupture of the septum. The total aortic repair technique ensures that the aortic valve, ascending aorta, and arch are surgically securely repaired, and provides complete decompression of the false lumen as well as internal support in the remainder of the aorta. This has provided excellent early results and will hopefully minimize future complications and interventions.     

正颌手术对颌面硬组织对称性改变的三维评估

目的 通过锥形束CT（cone beam computed tomography,CBCT）研究正颌手术对成人骨性Ⅲ类错牙合伴颜面部不对称患者治疗的疗效。方法 选择正畸临床成人骨性Ⅲ类错牙合伴颜面部不对称患者20例,20例患者均采用正畸-正颌联合治疗的方法,在正畸前（T0）和正颌手术后6个月（T1）后使用CBCT对患者进行三维扫描获得颅面部DICOM数据,采用Dolphin 11.0对颌骨进行三维重建,选择描述颌骨骨性结构特征的20个点进行描记,测量分析20个变量。结果 20例颜面部不对称患者,正颌手术改善上颌骨下部水平向及矢状向的不对称性,双侧下颌体的长度及下颌支的倾斜度得到纠正。结论 正颌手术能有效改善成人颜面部不对称,对成人骨性Ⅲ类错牙合伴颜面部不对称患者的改善主要表现在上颌骨下部水平向及矢状向的对称性改善,以及下颌体长度不协调的纠正,正颌手术前三维测量对正颌治疗方案的制定及预后的判断至关重要。     

金匮要略赤丸方考＊

赤丸方出自《金匮要略·腹满寒疝宿食病脉证治》，原文症状描述唯“寒气厥逆者”五字而已；药物或五味或六味或七味不一；“一方用桂”说明出注者参考别本；“《千金》作人参”说明孙思邈另据他本；方后“真朱”不知何物？《备急千金要方》“更有射罔……”的射罔是什么？本文基于以上之种种疑问，以《金匮要略校注》为线索，比对各版本记载的优劣，考证赤丸方药物组成，明确真朱的药物本原，探求现已淡出医家视野的射罔，追问赤丸方与神丹的可能性关系，为赤丸方的安全应用提供文献上的支持。     

论真气学说(一)——一般概念“气”的源流

“气”和“真气”是真气学说的基本概念，长期以来使用混乱。“气”是构成宇宙万物的精微物质，不能简单认为是某种元素，真气是相对于“气”的无形的功能，以质能说明两者的关系。研究“气”的重点是“真气”，真气的特性有非形态性、非常规性、超常性和系统性。作为一般概念“真气”的特性，涵盖中医学真气的特性。     

Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography in the prenatal diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord: value and limitations.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the value of 3-dimensional power Doppler sonography in the prenatal diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord. METHODS: Cases in which the diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord was suspected by prenatal 2-dimensional sonography were reviewed. The presumably affected segment of the cord was examined with 3-dimensional power Doppler sonography for further characterization. Confirmation of the prenatal diagnosis was sought by reviewing the delivery records and contacting the referring obstetrician and the patients themselves. RESULTS: Eight consecutive cases were studied. Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography displayed a vascular spatial configuration pattern consistent with a true knot of the umbilical cord in all of them. However, the prenatal diagnosis was confirmed at delivery in only 5 cases (62.5%). Although there were no cases of a false knot mimicking a true knot of the umbilical cord, all incorrect diagnoses in this series were associated with multiple loops of the umbilical cord in the third trimester. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography seems to be helpful in determining the presence of a true knot of the umbilical cord in utero, especially in the second trimester. However, this should not be considered a definitive method for the diagnosis because multiple loops of the umbilical cord lying close to each other can generate a sonographic image that can be undistinguishable from a true knot of the umbilical cord prenatally, especially when located in a small pocket of amniotic fluid. Therefore, the presumable diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord in utero should be taken with caution.     

Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after breast-conserving therapy

In the modern era of breast-conserving therapy for early-stage breast cancer, ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) represents an increasingly common clinical dilemma. Two kinds of IBTRs have been described: true recurrences, which represent regrowth of uneradicated initial disease, and new primaries, which may be distinct from the index lesion in histology and location. Whether these two entities have different biologies and survival prognoses remains unclear. This article will examine contemporary clinical and pathologic methods to distinguish true recurrence from new primary tumors, focusing on available published data from prospective and retrospective studies. Current challenges and future avenues are discussed for developing a standardized, reproducible classification system for different types of IBTR that may be used in the clinical setting to prognosticate and individualize treatment for patients following in-breast recurrences.